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Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Solutions Part 1 Chapter 9 The State and Political Science
The State and Political Science Text Book Questions and Answers
The human being, animals, plants, etc., in this world, exist within the boundary of a state. The rise of nation-states was an important feature of the modern world. A state would have certain components.
Question 1.
Identify the important elements of state.
Population : ………………
…………….. : ………………
Answer:
Population: government
Territory: sovereignty
Question 2.
Examine how a state is adversely affected by increased population and decreased population.
Answer:
Population is an essential element information of the state. Existence of the state is depending upon the coexistence and cooperation of people without population no state can be formed. However, there is no criteria about the minimum and maximum number of population a sate should have. But very huge population and very less population are not suitable for a state. These extreme situations will adversely affected the development of a state. Very high population may lead to poverty and unemployment conditions.
Similarly, lack of sufficient population may result in deficiency of human capital/human resources. Government is one of the important features of the state. The administration of the state. The administration of the state is maintained by the government. The government has many functions. Providing peace and security to the people is the most important function of the state.
Question 3.
Point out the functions performed by governments in a state.
Answer:
- Maintain law and order
- Increase employment opportunities
- Implement development projects
- Protect democracy
- Uphold human rights.
Question 4.
Critically evaluate the optional functions different from compulsory functions.
Answer:
The compulsory functions include maintenance of law and order within the state. But optional functions are totally different. As the word indicates these functions may or may not be performed by the state. However, most of the modern states try to perform these functions.
Provision of health facilities, education facilities, transportation facilities, social welfare activities, etc., are optional functions. These functions are performed by the modem states as per their ability and convenience. These are many theories and opinions regarding the origin of the state. Whether the state is created by the society, or individual, or God.
Question 5.
Name the persons who gained acquired citizenship in India.
Answer:
- Larry Baker
- Sonia Gandhi
- Mother Theresa
Question 6.
Summarise the viewpoints of various theories on origin of state.
Answer:
The case issue in the study of political science are the state and the government. The institution of state is studied in relation to its origin, nature, aims, and functions of the state. There are 4 important theories about the origin of the state. The are :
- Force theory
- Evolutionary theory
- Divine Right theory
- Social contract theory
The Divine Origin Theory of the state is the oldest theory concerning the primary origin of state. According to this theory, the state is established by had who rules the state directly or indirectly through someone regarded as an agent.
The evolutionary theory is also known as sociological or correct theory of the origin of the state. This theory helps in understanding the forces and actors which created the state and historical stage through which it passed.
The Force Theory of the sate origin is none of the oldest theories on origin of the sate. The idea contained in force theory is that the state originated due to force exerted by the strong over the weak.
The social contract theory states that the origin of the sate is through the contract of people. People formed sate in order to satisfy their requirements.
Question 7.
Define the meaning of citizen.
Answer:
Citizen is a person who is entitled to enjoy all the legal rights and privileges granted by a state to the people comprising its constituency and is obliged to obey its laws and to fulfill his duties as called upon.
Question 8.
Define citizenship.
Answer:
Citizenship is the position or status of being a citizen of a particular country.
Question 9.
Prepare a flow chart showing relationship between a citizen and the state.
Answer:
Question 10.
What are the civil/political rights?
Answer:
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individual’s freedom from infringement by governments, social organization and private individuals. The civil rights include right to vote, right to contest in elections, right to form organization right to criticize the government, right to decorates official position, etc.,
Question 11.
Point out the important topics covered under political science.
Answer:
- Public administration
- Political theories
- International polities
- Comparative polities
Let Us Assess
Question 12.
What is meant by state? What are the essential elements of state.
Answer:
A state is a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government. The basic elements of the state are population, territory, government, and sovereignty.
Question 13.
Explain the internal sovereignty and external levels sovereignty.
Answer:
A state can exist only through sovereignty. It is the absolute and comprehensive power of a state. It has two broad levels – internal and external.
Question 14.
What are the obligatory and discretionary functions of a state?
Answer:
Modern states have wide range of functions to perform with the popularity of welfare state, the functions and duties increased considerably. We can classify the functions of a state into obligatory and discretionary.
Question 15.
Name the theorem related to state formation.
Answer:
- Force theory
- Evolutionary theory
- Divine Right theory
- Social contract theory
Question 16.
What is citizenship?. Note down the difference be-tween a citizen and foreigner.
Answer:
Citizen is a person who is entitled to enjoy all the legal rights and privileges granted by a state to the people comprising its constituency, and is obliged to obey its lows and to fulfil his duties as called upon. All those who are residing in state many not be the citizen of that state. Foreigners also reside in a state. But only citizens can enjoy the political rights.
Question 17.
Explain natural and acquired citizenship.
Answer:
National citizenship is given by birth on the otherhand acquired citizenship.refersto the citizenship by virtue of being borne abroad. Acquired citizenship can be acquired only if a person has got the requirements/ qualifications mentioned in the ruler/laws in a country.
Question 18.
What is political science.
Answer:
Political science is a social science discipline that deals with systems of government and the analysis of political activity and political behavior.
Question 19.
What is known as the factor of political science?
a) Aristotle
b) Socates
c) Plato
d) Kautilya
Answer:
a) Aristotle
The State and Political Science Model Questions & Answers
Question 20.
Define state?
Answer:
A state is a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.
Question 21.
The term state was first used by ……….
Answer:
Niccolo Muchiavelli
Question 22.
Prepare a note on ‘Saptang Theory of State’.
Answer:
The ‘Saptanga Theory was given by Kautilya a state has seven elements or constituents namely:
- Swamin — The king
- Amartya — The minister
- Janapada — The land and the people
- Durga — The fortress
- Kosha — The treasury
- Danda — The army
- Mitra — The allies
Question 23.
What do you mean by demography?
Answer:
Demography is the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income or the incidence of discussion, which illustrates the changing structure of human population.
Question 24.
India has ______ position in the world on the basis of population.
Answer:
7th
Question 25.
Observe the above news headlines and prepare a note.
Answer:
The headlines are related to national as well as international level decisions taken by the government. It shows that a government has the power to take decisions on national importance without any external pressure or compulsion. This power of a nation may be considered an sovereignty.
Question 26.
Categories the following functions of state
1. Internal peace
2. Dispensing justice
3. Maintaining law and order
4. Physical welfare
5. Social security measures
6. Provision of education
7. Protection from external invasion
8. Provision of transportation facilities
Answer:
Compulsory functions:
- Internal peace
- Dispensing justice
- Maintaining law and order
- Protection from external invasion
Optional functions:
- Physical welfare
- Social security measures
- Provision of education
- Provision of transportation facilities
Question 27.
Complete the following table.
| State is God’s creation | |
| State was an evolution of family | |
| Origin of state was in a social contract | |
| Authority of a group |
Answer:
| State is God’s creation | Divine Right Theory |
| State was an evolution of family | Evolutionary Theory |
| Origin of state was in a social contract | Social Contract Theory |
| Authority of a group | Force Theory |
Question 28.
What is the importance of the study of political science?
Answer:
The study of political science is very useful and valuable. Its knowledge is essential and useful to both the ruler and the ruled. The significance of the study of political science is pointed out below:
- Imparting knowledge of the state.
- Imparting knowledge of the government and administration
- Importing knowledge about the world.
- Creating democratic values
- Creation of good citizenship
- Lessons of co-operation and toleration
Question 29.
Point out the important topics covered under political science.
Answer:
- Public administration
- Political theories
- International politics
- Comparative politics
Question 30.
What is the importance of the study of political science?
Answer:
The study.of political science is very useful and valuable. Its knowledge is essential and useful to both the ruler and the ruled. The significance of the study of. political science is pointed out below:
- Imparting knowledge of the state.
- Imparting knowledge of the government and administration
- Importing knowledge about the world.
- Creating democratic values
- Creation of good citizenship
- Lessons of co-operation and toleration
Question 31.
Larry Baker was born in ………………..
Answer:
Hip Britain
Question 32.
The book “Ethics” was written by.
Answer:
Aristotle
Question 33.
The word politics was originated from Greek word ‘polis’ meaning …………..
Answer:
Nation-state.
Question 34.
Citizenship are of two types. Complete the chart
Answer:
1) Natural citizenship
2) Acquired citizenship
Question 35.
What are the necessary basic elements of state? Explain one among them.
- Population, Territory, Government, Sovereignty
- Population: People should live with unity mutual understanding, interdependence and common public interest.
- The minimum and maximum number of people for the formation of country are not fixed.
Territory:
- State should have exact territory with clearcut boundary.
- Territory consists of land area water bodies, coastal area, aerial space.
Government:
- Whatever be the form the state should have a government.
- Government may change but state is permanent.
- Day-to-day administration, maintain law and order.
- Increases employment opportunities making of laws seeking permanent solutions to disputes, etc. are functions of government.
Sovereignty:
- State has the power to take decisions on internal and international affairs independently without any external control. This supreme authority of state is called sovereignty.
Question 36. (Qn.Pool-2017)
Implementation of developmental projects is one of the functions of a government. What are the other functions?
Answer:
- Ensure law and order
- Increase employment opportunities
- Make and execute laws
- Find permanent solution to disputes
Question 37. (Qn.Pool-2017)
Complete the given flow chart
Answer:
- Internal sovereignty
- External sovereignty
Question 38. (Qn. Pool -2017)
Providing health care, providing educational facilities, etc. are discretionary functions of a government. How do you respond to this? What is meant by discretionary functions?
Answer:
Development of human resources is the major objective of medem state. Protection of health providing education facilities, etc. are main objectives of state.
- So that they should be included among the compulsory functions.
- Discretionary functions are those which have to be implemented as per economic condition of state.
Question 39. (Qn.Pool-2017)
Complete the chart
Answer:
Divine Right theory, Evolutionary theory, Social contract theory, Power theory
Question 40. (Qn.Pool-2017)
What is meant by political science? What is the importance of it in the present-day society?
Answer:
- According to Aristotle ‘political science is the study of state and government’.
- The merit of the society in which we live helps us to understand how much we involve in the political process of society.
- Empowers people to logically analyze and creatively intervene in all public issues.
Question 41. (Qn.Pool-2017)
Mother Teresa and poet Kamala Surayya are per¬sons having Indian citizenship.
Do they have same type of citizenship? If not, what is the difference between their citizenship?
Answer:
- Mother Teresa has acquired citizenship
- Kamala Surayya has natural citizenship
- Citizenship by birth is natural citizenship but citizenship acquired through legal procedure is acqured citizenship.
Question 42. (Qn.Pool-2017)
What is meant by sovereignty?
Answer:
State has the right to take decisions on national and international issues independently. This supreme authority of state is called sovereignty.
Question 43. (Qn.Pool-2017)
What are the equal rights one get through citizen-ship?
Answer:
- Right to contest election
- Right to vote
- Right to form organizations
Question 44. (Qn. Pool -2017)
What are the different branches of study of political science?
Answer:
Political theories
Public administration
Comparative politics
International-politics
Question 45. (Qn.Pool-2017)
Too much or too less population is not good for a state. Why?
Answer:
Too much and too less population will adversely af¬fect the development of a state.
Question 46. (Qn.Pool-2017)
Why states like Canada having less population encourages migration?
Answer:
Scarcity of human resources is the reason for this.
Question 47. (Qn.Pool-2017)
What is meant by citizenship?
Answer:
Citizenship is full and equal membership of a nation
Question 48. (Orukkam – 2017)
List out the obligatory and discretionary powers of the state in the given table.
| Obligatory powers | Discretionary powers |
| 1. Protection of boundary | 1. Protection of health |
| 2. | 2. |
| 3. | 3. |
| 4. | 4. |
Answer:
| Obligatory powers |
Discretionary powers |
| 1. Protection of boundary | 1. Protection of health |
| 2. Maintain internal peace | 4. Provide educational facilities |
| 3. Protection of rights | 5. Implement welfare programmes |
| 4. Implementation of justice | 6. Provide transportation facilities put forward |
Question 49. (Orukkam – 2017)
The following are the different theories of the origin of state. Point out the ideas put forward by each of the theories in the formation of state.
Answer:
Question 50. (Orukkam – 2017)
Complete the sun diagram showing the branches of political science.
Answer:
Question 51. (Orukkam – 2017)
Match the column A with B.
| A | B |
| i. Nicholo Machiavelli | i. Concept of welfare state |
| ii. Aristotle | ii. Coined the term ‘state’ |
| iii. Jeremy Bentham | iii. Importance of Involving in politics |
| iv. Plato | iv. Father of Political Science |
Answer:
| A | B |
| i. Niccolo Machiavelli | i. Coined the term ‘state’ |
| ii. Aristotle | ii. Father of Political Science |
| iii. Jeremy Bentham | iii. Concept of welfare state |
| iv. Plato | iv. Importance of Involving in politics |