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Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Paper 2

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Kerala Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Paper 2

Time: 2 Hours
Cool off time: 15 Minutes
Maximum: 60 Scores

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • Read the instructions carefully.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provied.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Part A

Answer all questions from 1 to 5
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2A

Question 1.
In C+ + , the array index starts with
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q1

Question 2.
State whether the following statement is true or false:
A link from one section to another section of the same HTML document is known as external linking.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q2

Question 3.
…………….protocol helps e-mail communication.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q3

Question 4.
…………..is a fully integrated business management system.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q4

Question 5.
Cyber terrorism is a type of cyber crime against…………………
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q5

Part B

Answer any nine questions from 6 to 16
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2B

Question 6.
Write the output of the following JavaScript code. Give reason.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q6
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q6.1

Question 7.
Write any 3 attributes used in <BODY> tag.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q7

Question 8.
There are two web pages in the class project created by Mathew. The second page should appear in the browser when clicked at a particular text in the first page. What do you call this feature? Name the tag and attribute needed for creating such a feature.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q8

Question 9.
“CSS plays an important role in developing websites today”. Write the advantages of using CSS in websites?
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q9

Question 10.
Raju wishes to host a website for his family. What are the advantages that free web hosting companies provide?
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q10
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q10.1

Question 11.
How many distinct tuples and attributes are there in a relation with cardinality 22 and degree 7.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q11

Question 12.
Create a table named Stock and apply table constraints to it.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q12

Question 13.
What are the risks of ERP implementation?
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q13

Question 14.
“Non-local nature of cyber crime creates problems to the investigators”. Explain.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q14

Question 15.
Discuss the different technologies that are used to enhance data communication features of GSM.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q15

Question 16.
What is a GPS?
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q16

Part C

Answer any nine questions from 17 to 27
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2C

Question 17.
Write a C++ program to display n terms of the Fibonacci series.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q17

Question 18.
Distinguish between switch and else if ladder statements.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q18

Question 19.
Identify the built-in functions needed for following cases:
a. To convert the letter ‘c’ to ‘C’.
b. To check whether a given character is alphabet or not.
c. To combine strings “comp” and “uter” to make “computer”.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q19

Question 20.
Explain any three stream functions for I/O operation.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q20

Question 21.
What is the difference between <UL> tag and <0L> tag?
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q21

Question 22.
Create a web page that displays sum of numbers upto a given limit.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q22

Question 23.
What are the data types in JavaScript?
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q23

Question 24.
How data is organized in DBMS
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q24

Question 25.
List any five built-in functions of SQL.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q25

Question 26.
“Awareness is the best way to protect ourselves in cyberspace”. Comment.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q26

Question 27.
Normally a function has its prototype and definition.
a. Write the function prototyping of a user defined function Max ( ) which accepts two integer values and return the larger between them.
b. Write the definition of the Max ( ) function.

Part D

Answer any two questions from 28 to 30
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2D

Question 28.
Suggest some safety measures taken for using internet ?
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q28

Question 29.
Suppose you are browsing the website www.prdkerala.org. Explain hoVy the DNS resolves the IP address.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q29

Question 30.
Explain the various functional units of Enterprise Resource Planning.
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 2Q30

ANSWERS

Answer 1.
0

Answer 2.
false

Answer 3.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Answer 4.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Answer 5.
governments

Answer 6.
101
Variable x is a string. So string addition takes place as y is also treated as string.

Answer 7.

  1. Background: This attribute sets an image as background for the documents body.
  2. Bgcolor: This attribute specifies a colour for the background of the document body.
  3. Text: This attribute specifies the colour of the text content in the page.

Answer 8.
Link <A>, Href

Answer 9.
It is a style sheet language used for describing the formatting of a document written in HTML. A CSS file allows us to separate HTML content from its style. The advantage of CSS is that we can reuse the same code for all the pages. This also reduces the size of the web page thereby providing faster downloads for web pages.

Answer 10.
Free hosting provides web hosting service free of charge. Some free web hosting sites provide the facility to upload the files of our website in their server. Free web hosting services usually provide either their own subdomain or as a directory service for accessing our websites. Some free web hosting companies provide domain name registration services also.

Answer 11.
Number of tuples = 22
Attributes = 7

Answer 12.

CREATE TABLE Stock(code CHAR (2) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_
INCREMENT, name VARCHAR (25) NOT NULL,
purchase DATE, rate DECIMAL (10, 2), ay INT, UNIQUE (code, name));

Answer 13.

  1.  High cost: The cost of implementation and configuration of ERP software is high.
  2. Time consuming: The ERP implementation is performed in many phases, so it consumes much time.
  3. Requirement of additional trained staf: Trained staffs are needed to run ERP system.
  4. Operational and maintanance issue: The implementation process is a continuous process, so maintenance of an ERP system is very difficult.

Answer 14.
An important aspect of cyber crime is its non-local character. A crime can occur in-jurisdictions separated by vast distances. That is, an attacker may operate from a country and attack a destination in some other country. So the investigating team and the judiciary of different countries . must keep hand in hand. Due to the anonymous nature of the Internet, it is possible for people to engage in a variety of criminal activities. People commit cyber crimes knowingly or unknowingly.

Answer 15.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) is a packet oriented mobile data service on the 2G on GSM. EDGE (Enchanced Data rates for GSM Evolution) is three times faster than GPRS. It is used for voice communication as well as an internet connection.

Answer 16.
Global Positioning System (GPS) is space based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to 4 or more GPS satellites.

Answer 17.

# include <iostream>
Using namespace std;
int main( )
{
int num, sum = 0, dig;
cout<<“Enter a number";
cin>>num;
while (num>0)
{
dig = num%10;
sum = sum + dig;
num = num/10;
}
cout<<“Sum of the digits of the input number = ”<<sum;
return 0;
}

Answer 18.
switch:

  • Permits multiple branching.
  • Evaluates conditions with equality operator only.
  • Case constant must be an integer or a character type value.
  • When no match is found, default statement is executed.
  • break statement is required to exit from switch statement.
  • More efficient when the same variable or expression is compared against a set of values for equality,

else if ladder:

  • Permits multiple branching.
  • Evaluates any relational or logical expression.
  • Condition may include range of values and floating point constants.
  • When no expression evaluates to True, else block is executed.
  • Program control automatically goes out after the completion of a block.
  • More flexible and versatile compared to . switch.

Answer 19.
a. toupper ( )
b. isalpha ( )
c. strcat ( )

Answer 20.
i. get ( ). It can accept a single character or multiple characters (string) through the keyboard. To accept a string, an array name and size are to be given as arguments.

eg., ch = cin.get(ch);
cin.get (ch);
cin.get (str,10);

ii. getline ( ). It accepts a string through the keyboard. The delimiter will be Enter key, the number of characters or a specified character.

eg., cin.getline(strjen);
cin.getline(str,len,ch);

iii. write ( ). This function displays the string contained in the argument.

eg., char str [ 10] = “hello”;
cout.write (str,10);

Answer 21.
We can create an unordered list with the tag pair<UL> and </UL>. Each item in the list is presented by using the tag pair <LI> and </LI>. HTML provides the tag pair <OL> and </OL> to create an ordered list. The items in the ordered list are presents by <LI> tag in <OL> element.

Answer 22.

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> JavaScript-Sum</TITLE>
<SCRIPT Language = “JavaScript”> function Sumlimit( )
{
var sum = 0, i, I;
l=Number(document.frmSum.txtLimit.value);
for (i = 1; i<=l; i+ + )
sum + = i;
document.frmSum. txtSum.value = sum;
}
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM Name = “frmSum”>
<CENTER>
Enter the limit
<INPUTType = “text” Name = “txtLimit”> <BR> <BR>
Sum of Numbers
<INPUTType = “text” Name = “txtSum”>
<BR> <BR>
<INPUT Type = “button” Value = “Show"
onClick = “sumLimit()”>
</ CENTER>
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Answer 23.
The three primitive data types in JavaScript are Number, String and Boolean.
Number: They include integers, floating point numbers and signed numbers.
Strings: A string is a combination of characters, numbers or symbols enclosed within double quotes.
Boolean: A boolean data can be either True or False ( without double quates).

Answer 24.
Data is organized as fields, records and files.
Fields: A field is the smallest unit of stored data. Each field consists of data of a specific type, eg., Name, Marks.
Record: A record is a collection of related fields.
File: A file is a collection of all occurrence of same type of records.

Answer 25.
SUM(): Total of the values in the column.
AVG ( ): Average of the values in the column.
MIN ( ): Smallest value in the coluqin.
MAX( ): Largest value in the column.
COUNT ‘( ): Number of non NULL values in the column.

Answer 26.
Awareness is the first step in protecting ourselves, our family and our business. We should remember that our actions over the internet are being monitored by several others. Some of the ethical practices over the internet are:

  • Use anti-virus, firewall, and spam blocking software for your PC.
  • Ensure security of websites (https and padlock) while conducting online cash transactions.
  • Do not respond or act on e-mails sent from unknown sources.
  • Use unique and complex passwords for accounts and change your passwords on a regular basis.

Answer 27.

a. int Max (int x, int y);
b. int Max (int a, int b)
{
if (a > b)
return a;
else
return b;
}

Answer 28.
a. Use antivirus, firewall and spam blocking software on your PC.
b. Ensure secure websites for financial transactions.
c. Do not respond or act on email sent from unknown sources.
d. Use complex passwords and change it frequently.
e. Don’t hide your identity and fool others.
f. Do not use bad languages on e-mail and social networks.
g. Do not click on pop-up ads.

Answer 29.
The following steps illustrate how the DNS resolves the IP address:

  • All browsers store the IP addresses of the recently visited websites in its cache. Therefore, the browser first searches its local memory (mini cache) to see whether it has the IP address of this domain. If found, the browser uses it.
  • If it is not found in the browser cache, it checks the operating system’s local cache for the IP address.
  • If it is not found there, it searches the DNS server of the local ISP.
  • In the absence of the domain name in the ISP’s DNS server, the ISP’s DNS server initiates a recursive search starting from the root server till it receives the IP address.
  • The ISP’s DNS server returns this IP address to the browser.
  • The browser connects to the web server using the IP address of website and the webpage is displayed in the browser window. If the IP address is.not found, it returns the message ‘Server not found’ in the browser window.

Answer 30.

  1. Financial module. This module collects financial data from various department and generate various reports.
  2. Manufacturing module. This module manages and provides information for the entire production process.
  3. Production planning module. This module is used for the utilization of resources in an optimized way so as to maximize the production and minimize the loss.
  4. Inventory control module. It manages the stock requirement for an organization.
  5. Purchasing module. This module is responsible for the availability of raw material in the right time at the right price.

Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 1

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Kerala State Board New Syllabus Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Papers and Answers.

Kerala Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 1 with Answers

BoardSCERT
ClassPlus Two
SubjectComputer Application
CategoryPlus Two Previous Year Question Papers

Time: 2 Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • You are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and the only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non-programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Part – A

Answer all the questions from 1 to 5 carry one score each: (Scores: 5 × 1 = 5)

Question 1.
Write a C++ statement to declare an array with size 25 to accept the name of a student.
Answer:
char name[25];

Question 2.
Name the following tags:

  1. To include a button in HTML
  2. To partition the browser window

Answer:

  1. <input type=”button”>
  2. <frameset>

Question 3.
Define Web Hosting
Answer:
Buying or renting storage space to store website in a web server and provide service(made available 24 × 7) to all the computers connected to the Internet. This is called web hosting.

Question 4.
Define BPR.
Answer:
Business Process Re-engineering: In general BPR is the series of activities such as rethinking and redesign the business process to enhance the enterprise’s performance such as reducing the cost(expenses), improve the quality, prompt, and speed(time-bound) service. BPR enhances the productivity and profit of an enterprise.

Question 5.
Name the intellectual property represented by the symbols ®, ©.
Answer:
® – Registered Trade Mark
© – Copy Right

Part – B

Answer any nine questions from 6 to 16 carry 2 scores each: (Scores : 9 × 2 = 18)

Question 6.
Define built-in functions. Give two examples.
Answer:
Some functions that are already available in C++ are called pre-defined or built-in functions.

  • strlen() – to find the number of characters in a string(i.e. string length).
  • strcpy() – It is used to copy the second string into the first string.
  • strcat() – It is used to concatenate the second string into the first one.
  • strcmp() – It is used to compare two strings and returns an integer.

Question 7.
Write the use of the following in HTML:
(a) <A Href=”http://www.dhsekerala.gov.in>DHSE</A>.
(b) <EMBEDsrc=song1.mp3></EMBED>
Answer:
(a) To link dhse portal. This is an example for external linking.
(b) This is used to include an audio file in our web page.

Question 8.
Name the tag and attribute needed to create the following lists in HTML:
Plus Two Computer Application Model Question Papers Paper 1 Q8
Answer:
a) <OL type=”1″>
b) <UL type=”square”>

Question 9.
Write a short note on free hosting.
Answer:
The name implies it is free of cost service and the expense is met by the advertisements. Some service providers allow limited facility such as limited storage space do not allow multimedia(audio and video) files.

A paid service website’s address is as follows
eg: www.bvmhsskalparamba.com
Usually, two types of free web hosting services as follows:
1) as a directory service.
Service provider’s website address/our website address
eg: www.facebook.com /bvm hss kalparambu

2) as a Subdomain
Our website address service providers website address
eg: bvmhsskalparamba.facebook.com

Question 10.
Write the type of web hosting that is most suitable:

  1. For hosting a school website with a database.
  2. For hosting a website for a firm
  3. For creating a blog to share pictures and posts
  4. For creating a low-cost personal website with a unique domain name.

Answer:

  1. Shared Hosting
  2. Dedicated Hosting
  3. Free Hosting
  4. VPS/Shared Hosting

Question 11.
Define the following:
(a) Field
(b) Record
Answer:
(a) Fields: the smallest unit of stored data.
eg: Regno, name, batch etc

(b) Record: Collection of related fields
eg: 101, Jose, Science

Question 12.
Write the name of any two-column constraints and their usage.
Answer:
Constraints are used to ensure database integrity.

  1. Not Null – It ensures that a column can never have NULL values.
  2. Unique – It ensures that no two rows have the same value in a column.
  3. Primary key – Similar to unique but it can be used only once in a table.
  4. Default – We can set a default value.
  5. Autojncrement – This constraint is used to perform auto_increment the values in a column. That automatically generates serial numbers. Only one auto_increment column per table is allowed.

Question 13.
Define the following ERP related technologies:
(a) CRM
(b) SCM
Answer:
(a) Customer Relationship Management (CRM): As we know the customer is the king of the market. The existence of a company mainly the customers. CRM consists of programs to enhance the customer’s relationship with the company.

(b) Supply Chain Management (SCM): This is deals with moving raw materials from suppliers to the company as well as finished goods from the company to customers. The activities include are inventory(raw materials, work in progress and finished goods) management, warehouse management, transportation management, etc.

Question 14.
Write a short note on SAP.
Answer:
SAP stands for Systems, Applications, and Products for data processing. It is a German MNCin Walldorf and founded in 1972. Earlier they developed ERP packages for large MNC. But nowadays they developed for small scale industries also.

Question 15.
Define the following terms:
(a) Trademark
(b) Copyright
Answer:
(a) Trademark: This is a unique, simple, and memorable sign to promote a brand and hence increase the business and goodwill of a company. It must be registered. The period of registration is for 10 years and can be renewed. The registered trademark under Controller General of Patents Design and Trademarks cannot use or copy by anybody else.

(b) Copyright: The trademark is ©, copyright is the property right that arises automatically when a person creates a new work on his own, and by Law, it prevents the others from the unauthorized or intentional copying of this without the permission of the creator for 60 years after the death of the author.

Question 16.
Name the following:

  1. Satellite-based Navigation system
  2. Service used to send messages with Multimedia content
  3. Packet oriented mobile data service on GSM.
  4. Smart card technology used only in GSM phone systems.

Answer:

  1. GPS
  2. MMS
  3. GPRS
  4. SIM

Part – C

Answer any nine questions from 17 to 27 carry 3 scores each: (Scores: 9 × 3 = 27)

Question 17.
Define Jump Statements. Explain any two.
Answer:
The execution of a program is sequential but we can change this sequential manner by using jump statements. The jump statements are

  1. goto statements: By using goto we can transfer the control anywhere in the program without any condition. The syntax is the goto label;
  2. break statement: It is used to skip over a part of the code i.e. we can premature exit from a loop such as while, do-while, for, or switch.
  3. continue statement: It bypasses one iteration of the loop.
  4. exit(0) function: It is used to terminate the program. For this, the header file cstdlib must be included.

Question 18.
Explain about nested loops.
Answer:
Nested Loop: A loop contains another loop completely then it is called a nested loop.
Eg.

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i, j;
for(i=1; i<5; i++)
{
for(j=1; j<=i; j++)
cout<<"*";
cout<<endl;
}
}

Question 19.
Compare call-by-value and call-by-reference methods for calling functions.
Answer:

Call by ValueCall by Reference
Ordinary variables are used as formal parameterReference variables are used as formal parameters
A copy of the original value is passedThe original value is passed
Any change made by the function will not affect the original valueAny change made by the function will affect the original value
Separate memory location is needed for actual and formal variablesMemory of actual arguments is shared by formal arguments.

Question 20.
Differentiate between local and global variables.
Answer:

Local VariableGlobal Variable
1. Declared inside a block.1. Declared outside of all blocks.
2. It cannot be used in any other block.2. It can be used anywhere in the program.
3. Memory is allocated when the block is active.3. Memory is allocated when the program begins.
4. Memory is de-allocated when the block is completed.4. Memory is de-allocated when the program terminates.

Question 21.
Name any two attributes of the following tags:
(a) <HTML>
(b) <MARQUEE>
(c) <FONT>
Answer:
(a) Attributes of <HTML> are dir(direction ltr or rtl) and Language

(b) Attributes of <MARQUEE> (Any Two)
Height – Sets the height of the Marquee text

Width – Sets the width of the Marquee text

Direction – Specifies the scrolling direction of the text such as up, down, left or right

Behavior – Specifies the type such as Scroll, Slide(Scroll and stop) and alternate(to and fro).
<marquee behavior-“scroll”
scrollamount=”100″>hello</marquee>
<marquee behavior-“slide”
scrollamount=”100″>hello</marquee>
<marquee behavior-“alternate”
scrollamount=”100″>hello</marquee>

Scrolldelay – Specifies the time delay in seconds between each jump.

scrollamount – Specifies the speed of the text
loop – This specifies the number of times the marquee scroll. Default infinite.

bgcolor – Specifies the back ground colour.

Hspace – Specifies horizontal space around the marquee

Vspace – Specifies vertical space around the marquee

(c) <Font> used to specify the font characteristics. Its attributes are size, face, and color.

Question 22.
Name the three essential tags for creating a table in HTML. Write the purpose of each tag.
Answer:

  • <Table> is used to create a table.
  • <TR> is used to create a row.
  • <TH> is used to create heading cells.
  • <TD> is used to create data cells.

Question 23.
Rewrite the following C++ code in JavaScript:

void length ()
{
char str[ ]="WELCOME";
cout<<strl;
}

Answer:

<html>
<head>
<Script Language="JavaScript">
function lengths()
{
var str1;
str1="WELCOME";
document.write(str1);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<form name="frm">
<input type="button" value="print" onClick="lengths()">
</form>
</center>
</body>
</html>

Question 24.
Explain any three operators used in Relational algebra.
Answer:
Relational Algebra(Any Three)

  1. Select operation(s): It is used to select tuples in a relation that satisfies a condition.
  2. Project Operation (p): It is used to select certain columns while discards some other columns.
  3. Cartesian Product (X): All possible combinations of tuples from two relations.
  4. Union Operation (E): All tuples appearing in either or both of two relations.
  5. Intersection operation (Q): All tuples appearing in both relations.
  6. Set difference operation (-): All tuples appearing in the first relation and not in the second.

Question 25.
Explain any three advantages of DBMS.
Answer:
Advantages of DBMS (Any Three)
1. Data Redundancy: It means duplication of data. DBMS eliminates redundancy. DBMS does not store more than one copy of the same data.

2. Inconsistency can be avoided: If redundancy occurs there is a chance to inconsistency. If redundancy is removed then inconsistency cannot occur.

3. Data can be shared: The data stored in the database can be shared by the users or programs.

4. Standards can be enforced – The data in the database follows some standards.
Eg: a field ‘Name’ should have 40 characters long. Some standards are ANSI, ISO, etc.

5. Security restrictions can be applied – The data is of great value so it must be kept secure and private. Data security means the protection of data against accidental or intentional disclosure or unauthorized destruction or modification by an unauthorized person.

6. Integrity can be maintained: It ensures that the data is to be entered in the database is correct.

7. Efficient data access: It stored a huge amount of data efficiently and can be retrieved whenever a need arise.

8. Crash recovery: Sometimes all or a portion of the data is lost when a system crashes. A good DBMS helps to recover data after the system crashed.

Question 26.
Define the following:
(a) DML
(b) DDL
(c) DCL
Answer:
(a) DML – DML means Data Manipulation Language.
It is used to insert records into a table, modify the records of a table, delete the records of a table, and retrieve the records from a table.DML commands are select, insert, delete, and update.

(b) DDL – DDL means Data Definition Language.
It is used to create the structure of a table, modify the structure of a table, and delete the structure of a table. DDL commands are created, alter and drop

(c) DCL – DCL means Data Control Language.
It is used to control access to the database. Commands are Grant, Revoke, etc

Question 27.
Write the result of the following:
(a) ALTER TABLE <table name>
Drop <column name>
(b) DELETE FROM <table name>
(c) DROP TABLE <table name>
Answer:
(a) This command is used to delete a column from a table.
(b) This command is used to delete all the records from a table.
(c) This command is used to delete a table from the memory.

Part – D

Answer any two questions from 28 to 30 with 5 scores each: (Scores: 2 × 5 = 10)

Question 28.
Consider the following C++ code

int main()
{
char str[20];
cout<<"Enter a String";
cin>>str;
puts(str);
return 0;
}
  1. Write the value of str if the string ‘HELLO WORLD’ is input to the code. Justify.
  2. Write the amount of memory allocated for storing the array str. Give reason.
  3. Write an alternative we can use to input string in place of cin

Answer:

  1. The output is “HELLO”.Here the white space after HELLO is treated as the delimiter hence the remaining(“WORLD”) will be truncated.
  2. 20 bytes of memory is allocated for storing the array str.
  3. gets() or getline() can be used to input string for accepting white spaces.

Question 29.
In HTML
(a) Differentiate client-side script and server-side script
(b) Name the tag and its attribute used to include a script in a web page
(c) Name any two server-side scripting language.
Answer:
(a)

Client-Side ScriptingServer Side Scripting
The script is copied to the client browserThe script is copied to the webserver
Executed by the clientExecuted by the server and result is get back to the browser window
Used for Client level validationConnect to the database in the server
It is possible to block by the userCannot possible
Client-side scripts depend on the type and version of the browserIt does not depend on the type and version of the browser

(b) <SCRIPT Language=”JavaScript”>
(c) ASP, JSP, PHP, etc.

Question 30.
In JavaScript:
(a) Explain any three types of operators used.
(b) Describe any two datatypes used.
Answer:
(a) Operators in JavaScript: Operators are the symbols used to perform an operation

  1. Arithmetic operators: It is a binary operator. It is used to perform addition(+), subtraction(-), division(/), multiplication(*), modulus(%-gives the remainder)
  2. Assignment operator: If a = 10 and b = 3 then a = b. This statement sets the value of a and b are the same, i.e. it sets a to 3.
  3. Logical operators: Here AND(&&), OR(||) are binary operators and NOT(!) is a unary operator. It is used to combine relational operations and it gives either true or false

b) Data types in JavaScript: Unlike C++ it uses only three basic data types

  1. Number: Any number(whole or fractional) with or without a sign.
    Eg: +1977, -38.0003, -100, 3.14157,etc
  2. String: It is a combination of characters enclosed within double-quotes.
    Eg: “BVM”, “[email protected]”, etc
  3. Boolean: We can store either true or false. It is case sensitive. That means can’t use TRUE OR FALSE

Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2017

by

Kerala State Board New Syllabus Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Papers and Answers.

Kerala Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 with Answers

BoardSCERT
ClassPlus Two
SubjectComputer Application
CategoryPlus Two Previous Year Question Papers

Time: 2½ Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to Candidates

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2½ hrs.
  • You are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and the only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures, and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non-programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Question 1.
Which among the following is equivalent to the statement series b = a, a = a + 1?
a. b + = a
b. b = a + +
c. b = + + a
d. b + = a + b

Question 2.
A designed website has to be uploaded into a………to make it available to the internet users all over the world.

Question 3.
A 4G mobile network uses…………
a. CDMA
b. WCDMA
c. OFDMA
d. None of these

Question 4.
Write the output of the following C++ code segment.
char S1 [10] = “Computer”;
char S2 [ 15] = “Applications”;
strcp (S1, S2);
cout<<S2;

Question 5.
Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q5

Question 6.
Answer anyone from 6 (a) or 6 (b).
a. Compare static and dynamic web pages.
OR
b. Compare client-side scripting and server-side scripting languages.

Question 7.
Answer anyone from 7 (a) or 7 (b).
a. Amita wanted to get the name ‘www.smartproducts.com’ for her newly designed website. How it is possible?
OR
b. Ajith created a website using the software ‘Joomla’. What is the peculiarity of this software and write any four advantages of using this software?

Question 8.
Is it possible to combine SELECT and PROJECT operations of relational algebra into a single statement? Explain with an example.

Question 9.
Write a short note on the Android operating system.

Question 10.
What is copyright? How does it differ from patent?

Question 11.
In RDBMS a relation contains 10 rows and 5 columns. What is the degree of relation?

Question 12.
What is an external JavaScript file? Write the advantages of using an external Java-Script file.

Question 13.
Explain the different levels of data abstraction in DBMS.

Question 14
is an SQL data type which is used to represent a variable-length string.

Question 15.
A statement in a loop forces the termination of that loop.

Question 16
is a server that acts as a bridge between the merchant server and the bank server.

Question 17.
Write a C++ initialization statement to initialize an integer array name ‘MARK’ with the values 70, 80, 85, 90.

Question 18.
Write a C++ program to input 10 numbers into an integer array and find the sum of numbers which are an exact multiple of 5.

Question 19.
Explain two stream functions for input operation for example.

Question 20.
The structure of the table ‘EMPLOYEE’ is given below.
Empcode            Numeric
Empname          String
Basicpay             Numeric
DA                        Numeric
Grosspay             Numeric
Write SQL statement for the following:
a. Insert record into the table.
b. Update DA with 60% basic pay.
c. Display the details of employees whose basic pay is greater than 20,000.
d. Rename the table EMPLOYEE to EMP DETAILS.

Question 21.
Write the complete HTML tag that links the text “PSC” to the website www.keralapsc.org.

Question 22.
Explain nesting of framesets with an example.

Question 23.
Every web browser has default colours to display text and hyperlink. How can we change this default color?

Question 24.
Write the HTML code to create the following table.
Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q24

Question 25.
Answer anyone from 25(a) or 25(b).
a. Explain the importance of BPR in ERP implementation.
OR
b. Selection of ERP package is very crucial in the implementation of an ERP system. Give a short note on any four popular ERP packages.

Question 26.
Develop a webpage to display the following screen:
Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q26
The user can enter a name in the textbox. On checking the ‘show’ button the name entered in the textbox should be changed into uppercase. Include JavaScript code in the HTML for doing this.

Question 27.
“ Initialized formal arguments are called default arguments”. Using this concept write the function prototype and definition of a user-defined function Sum () which accepts two or three integer numbers and returns their sum.

Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2018

by

Kerala State Board New Syllabus Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Papers and Answers.

Kerala Plus Two Computer Application Previous Year Question Paper March 2018 with Answers

BoardSCERT
ClassPlus Two
SubjectComputer Application
CategoryPlus Two Previous Year Question Papers

Time: 2 Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures, and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non-programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Questions 1 – 5 Carry 1 Score each. Answer all questions. (5 × 1 = 5)

Question 1.
Name any two data type modifiers in C++
Answer:
short, long, signed, and unsigned (Any 2)

Question 2.
Define the term ‘array traversal’.
Answer:
Traversal: All the elements of an array is visited and processed is called traversal

Question 3.
Which tag is used for hyperlinking in HTML?
Answer:
<A> tag

Question 4.
What is SCM?
Answer:
Supply Chain Management (SCM): This is deals with moving raw materials from suppliers to the company as well as finished goods from the company to customers.

Question 5.
Write the full form of OFDMA.
Answer:
OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)

Questions 6 to 16 carry 2 score each. Answer any 9 questions. (9 × 2 = 18)

Question 6.
Write a C++ statement to declare and initialise an array in the following situations.
a) An array of 5 unit prices 18.50, 27.5, 19.00, 12.50, 10.75
b) An array with the letters ‘WELCOME’.
Answer:
float price[]={18.50, 27.5, 19.00, 12.50, 10.75};

Question 7.
Write the output of the following C++code
1) char S1[10], S2[10]=”welcome’;
strcpy(S1, S2);
cout<<S1;
2) char S1[20]=”welcome”;
char S2[20]=”toC++”;
strcat(S1, S2);
cout<<S1;
Answer:
1) welcome
2) welcome to C++

Question 8.
Differentiate ‘static’ and ‘dynamic’ webpages.
Answer:

Static web pagesDynamic web pages
Content and layout is fixedContent and layout is changed frequently
Never use databaseData base is used
Run by browserIt runs on the server and result get back to the client (browser)
Easy to developNot at all easy

Question 9.
Name any two attributes of <html>tag with the use
Answer:
Attributes of <HTML> are dir(direction ltr or rtl) and Language

Question 10.
What is the use of FTP client software?
Answer:
By using FTP client s/w we can transfer(upload) the files from our computer to the web server by using the ‘drag and drop’ method. The popular FTP client software is FileZilla, CuteFTP, SmartFTP, etc.

Question 11.
Define the following terms in DBMS

  1. Cardinality
  2. Domain

Answer:

  1. Cardinality – The number of rows in a table is the cardinality.
  2. Domain – The pool of possible values from which actual column values are drawn.

Question 12.
Categorise the following SQL commands into DDL and DML
[CREATE, INSERT, ALTER, UPDATE]
Answer:

DDLDML
CREATE
ALTER		INSERT
UPDATE

Question 13.
What is BPR?
Answer:
Business Process Re-engineering: In general BPR is the series of activities such as rethinking and redesign the business process to enhance the enterprise’s performance such as reducing the cost (expenses), improve the quality, prompt, and speed(time-bound) service.
BPR enhances the productivity and profit of an enterprise.

Question 14.
Explain the role of “System testing” in the implementation of ERP.
Answer:
Testing: This phase is very important. It determines whether the system produces a proper results. Errors in design and logic are identified.

Question 15.
What is the use of RFID?
Answer:
RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) tag and the reader. It is like the bar code. The RFID tag contains all the details of a product and it consists of a combination of a transmitter and a receiver. This tag is used in Vehicles as a prepaid tag and makes the payments easier in Toll booths. Similarly, it is useful to takeoff the Census of wild animals also.

Question 16.
Compare GPRS and EDGE technologies.
Answer:
GPRS (General Packet Radio Services): It is a packet-oriented mobile data service on the 2G on GSM. GPRS was originally standardized by European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) GPRS usage is typically charged based on the volume of data transferred. Usage above the bundle cap is either charged per megabyte or disallowed.

EDGE(Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution): It is three times faster than GPRS. It is used for voice communication as well as an internet connection.

Questions 17 to 27 carry 3 scores each. Answer any 9 questions. (9 × 3 = 27)

Question 17.
Write the output of the following code segment in C++.

int sum=0;
int a[]={1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
for(int i=0; i<5; i=i+2)
sum=sum+a[i];
cout<<sum;

Answer:
The output is 9. (The sum of 1, 3, and 5).

Question 18.
Explain the use of the following built-in functions in C++.
(i) abs()
(ii) sqrt()
(iii) pow()
Answer:
i) abs(): It returns the absolute value of the given number.
eg. abs(-23) returns 23.

ii) sqrt(): It returns the square root of the given number.
eg. sqrt(16) returns 4.

iii) pow(): It is used to find the power of a given number.
eg. pow(5, 2) returns 25.

Question 19.
Compare call by value and call by reference method in C++.
Answer:

Call by ValueCall by Reference
1. Ordinary variables are used as a formal parameters.1. Reference variables are used as formal parameters.
2. A copy of the original value is passed2. The original value is passed
3. Any change made by the function will not affect the original value.3. Any change made by the function will affect the original value.
4. Separate memory location is needed for actual and formal variables.4. Memory of actual arguments is shared by formal arguments.

Question 20.
Write a short note on “Java Server Pages”.
Answer:
Java Server Pages (JSP)

  1. JSP introduced by Sun Micro System
  2. JSP stands for Java Server Page.
  3. An JSP file uses .jsp extension
  4. It is platform-independent
  5. It uses Apache Tomcat webserver
  6. JSP binds with Servlets (Servlets are Java codes run in Server to serve the client requests).

Question 21.
Name the three attribute of <MARQUEE> with its use
Answer:
Attributes of <MARQUEE> (Any Three)

Height – Sets the height of the Marquee text

Width – Sets the width of the Marquee text

Direction – Specifies the scrolling direction of the text such as up, down, left or right

Behavior – Specifies the type such as Scroll,
Slide(Scroll and stop) and alternate(to and fro).
<marquee behavior=”scroll”
scrollamount=”100″>hello</marquee>
<marquee behavior=”slide”
scrollamount=”100″>hello</manquee>
<marquee behavior=”alternate”
scrollamount=”100″>hello</manquee>

Scrolldelay – Specifies the time delay in seconds between each jump.

scrollamount – Specifies the speed of the text

loop – This specifies the number of times the marquee scroll. Default infinite.

bgcolor – Specifies the background colour.

Hspace – Specifies horizontal space around the marquee

Vspace – Specifies vertical space around the marquee

Question 22.
Consider the following JavaScript Code.

<SCRIPT language="JavaScript">
var i, s;
for (i=1; i<10; i++)
{
s=i*i;
document.write(s);
document.write("<BR>");
}
</SCRIPT>

a) What will be the output of the program.
b) What is the use of <SCRIPT> tag
c) Write the output statement used in the above code.
Answer:
a) The Output is
1
4
9
16
25
36
49
64
81
100
b) <SCRIPT> tag is used to write scripts
c) document.write(s) is the output statement used in the code.

Question 23.
Explain three types of “Web hosting”.
Answer:
Types of web hosting
Various types of web hosting services are available. We can choose the web hosting services according to our needs depends upon the storage space needed for hosting, the number of visitors expected to visit, etc.

1) Shared Hosting: This type of hosting shares resources, like memory, disk space, and CPU hence the name shared. Several websites share the same server. This is suitable for small websites that have less traffic and it is not suitable for large websites that have large bandwidth, large storage space, and have a large volume of traffic.
Eg: Shared hosting is very similar to living in an Apartment(Villas) complex. All residents are in the same location and must share the available resources(Car parking area, Swimming pool, Gymnasium, playground, etc) with everyone.

2) Dedicated Hosting: A web server and its resources are exclusively for one website that has a large volume of traffic means a large volume of requests by the visitors. Some Govt, departments, or large organizations require uninterrupted services for that round the clock power supply is needed. It is too expensive but it is more reliable and provides good service to the public.
Eg: It is similar to living in an Our own house. All the resources in your house are only for you. No one else’s account resides on the computer and would not be capable of tapping into your resources.

3) Virtual Private Server (VPS): A VPS is a virtual machine sold as a service by an Internet hosting Service. A VPS runs its own copy of an OS(Operating System) and customers have super level access to that OS instance, so they can install almost any s/w that runs on that OS. This type is suitable for websites that require more features than shared hosting but less features than dedicated hosting.
Eg: It is similar to owning a Condo

Question 24.
Distinguish Alternate key and foreign key.
Answer:
Alternate key – A candidate key other than the primary key.
Foreign key – A single attribute or a set of attributes, which is a candidate key in another

Question 25.
Explain the different levels of data abstraction in DBMS.
Answer:
Levels of Database Abstraction:

  1. Physical Level (Lowest Level) – It describes how the data is actually stored in the storage medium.
  2. Logical Level (Next Higher Level) – It describes what data are stored in the database.
  3. View Level (Highest level) – It is closest to the users. It is concerned with the way in which the individual users viewthe data.

Question 26.
Explain any three-column constraints in SQL.
Answer:
Constraints are used to ensure database integrity.

  1. Not Null – It ensures that a column can never have NULL values.
  2. Unique – It ensures that no two rows have the same value in a column.
  3. Primary key – Similar to unique but it can be used only once in a table.
  4. Default- We can set a default value.
  5. Autojncrement – This constraint is used to perform autoincrement of the values in a column. That automatically generates serial numbers. Only one autoincrement column per table is allowed.

Question 27.
Consider the table ITEM with the field Item code, Item name, Price, Write SQL queries.

  1. To Display the maximum and minimum price of items.
  2. To remove all records where priced < 1000
  3. To display the number of records in the table.

Answer:

  1. select max(Price), min(Price) from ITEM;
  2. delete from ITEM where Priced<1000;
  3. select count(*) from ITEM;

Questions from 28 – 30 carry 5 scores. Answer any 2 questions. (5 × 2 = 10)

Question 28.
Consider the C++ program to find the sum of the first 10 natural numbers and answer the following questions.

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int n, sum=0;
for(int i=1; i<=10; i++)
sum=sum+i;
cout<<"sum is="<<sum
}

a) Rewrite the above program using do-while loop.
b) What will be the output of the above program if we replace i++ with i=i+2 in the for loop
c) What is the purpose of #include<iostream>
Answer:

a) #include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i=1 ,sum=0;
do
sum=sum+i; i++;
}
while(i<=10);
cout<<"sum is="<<sum;
}

b) The output is 25(Sum of odd numbers less than 10).
c) This statement is used to include the header file iostream in our program. This header file helps to include i/o operations on characters and strings in the programs.

Question 29.
a) Name the HTML tag to create checkbox, textbox, and radio box.
b) Write an HTML statement to create the textbox with a maximum length of 25 and size of 30.
c) Write an HTML statement to create a submit button with the caption “login”.
Answer:
a) checkbox-<inputtype=”checkbox>
text box-:<input type=”text”>
radio box-:<inputtype=”radio”>

b) <input type=”text” name-“Firstname” size=30 maxlength=”25″>

c) <input type=”button” value = “Login” onClick=”lengths()”>

Question 30.
Consider the javascript code to display the square of the first 10 numbers using the code answer the following.

<SCRIPT language="Javascript">
var i, s;
for (i=1; i<10; i++)
{
s=i*i;
document.write(s);
document.write("<BR>");
}
</SCRIPT>

a) Rewrite the above program using a while loop.
b) Modify the above program to print the first 10 even numbers.
Answer:

a) <SCRIPT language="Javascript">
var i, s; i=1;
while(i<=10)
{
s=i*i;
i++;
document.write(s);
document.write("<BR>");
}
</SCRIPT>

b) <SCRIPT language="Javascript">
var i;
for(i=2; i<=20; i+=2)
{
document.write(i);
document.write("<BR>");
}
</SCRIPT>

Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Paper 3

by

Kerala Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Paper 3

Time: 2 Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates:

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Physics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2018

Answer all questions from 1 to 5 (5×1 = 5)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 1.

Question 1.
The blueprint or prototype that defines the properties and behavior of similar objects is called …………..
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 1

Question 2.
Write an example of a dynamic data structure.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 2

Question 3.
Which is the default port number of HTTP service ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 3

Question 4.
The attribute .required in the tag for internal linking is ………..
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 4
Question 5.
SFTP stands for ………..
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 5

Answer any nine questions from 6 to 16 (9×2 = 18)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 5.

Question 6.
What are the differences between array and structure in C++ ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 6

Question 7.
How can you create a dynamic array of size N, if N is inputted by the user ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 7

Question 8.
What is the advantages of circular queue over linear queue ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 8

Question 9.
Differentiate alink and vlink attribute in body tag.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 9

Question 10.
Correct the JavaScript code fragment given below to display the value entered in the text box.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 10

<form Name = ‘myform’>
input a number <input type = “text” name =num>
<input type = “button” value = “check”.......>
</form>
function Myform()
{
num = ........;
alert (num);
}

Question 11.
Write any two mouse events in JavaScript and its description.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 11

Question 12.
Write short notes on primary key and foreign key.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 12

Question 13.
Consider the given table PRODUCT and answer the following questions in relational algebra.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 13
a. Select all details of product where quantity is above 60.
b. Select Pname and Quantity.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 13.1

Question 14.
Why do we need PHP Script in web pages? What type of output is generated when a PHP script is processed ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 14

Question 15.
What is e-banking ? What are the areas where e-banking is effectively utilized?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 15

Question 16.
What is GIS?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 16

Answer any nine questions from 17 to 27 (9 x 3 = 27)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 16.

Question 17.
a. What is nested structure ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 17
b. Consider the following structure definition.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 17.1

struct Student 
{
int rno;
char Name[2o]; 
char dob;
}

How can you implement the concept of nested structure using the member ‘dob’ ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 17.2

Question 18.
Explain any three concepts of object oriented programming.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 18

Question 19.
Write an algorithm to remove an item from a Queue ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 19

Question 20.
List and explain any three attributes of TABLE tag in HTML.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 20

Question 21.
What are the different ways to add JavaScript in a webpage ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 21

Question 22.
What is meant by web hosting ? Briefly explain any two stages of web hosting.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 22

Question 23.
Explain different level of data abstraction in DBMS.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 23

Question 24.
Which constraints are used to define the following cases in SQL.
a. set a field to uniquely identify rows in a table.
b. increment the value of a field automatically.
c. set the value of a field to be not null.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 24

Question 25.
Consider the data given below.
Data in first array : 12, 36, 29, 34, 48
Data in second array : Pen = 35, Pencil = 40, Eraser = 5, Brush = 25
a. Name the suitable types of arrays to store these data.
b. Write the PHP code to create these arrays to store the data.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 25

Question 26.
What is meant by distributed computing ? Discuss any two distributed computing paradigms.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 26

Question 27.
What are the different types of interaction between stakeholders in e-Governance ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 27

Answer any two questions from 28 to 30 (2 x 5 = 10)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 27.

Question 28.
a. Why do we need dynamic webpage ?
b. What is the role of web servers ?
c. Differentiate static webpage and dynamic webpage.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 28

Question 29.
a. What is the use of rowspan and colspan in a table in HTML ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 29
b. Correct the given HTML code to get the output as shown in the figure.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.1

<HTML>
<B0DY>
<TABLE> 
<TR>
<TD ALIGN </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD > Rollno </TD> 
<TD > name </TD> 
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1</TD>
<TD>Arun</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.2

Question 30.
Write SQL queries based on the table EMPLOYEE given below.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 30
a. List EID and name of all employees.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 30.1
b. Find all employees with Jobcode TA1 and salary greater than 39000.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 30.2
c. Find all employees whose name begins with letter D.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 30.3
d. Delete all employees with Jobcode ME3.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 30.4
e. Display the details of employees in ascending order of salary.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 3 30.5

Answers

Answer 1.
Class

Answer 2.
Linked list

Answer 3.
80

Answer 4.
Href

Answer 5.
Secured File Transfer Protocol

Answer 6.
Array:

  • It is a derived data type.
  • A collection of same type of data.

Structure:

  • It is a user-defined data type.
  • A collection of different types of data.

Answer 7.

int *ptr = new int[N];

Answer 8.
We can overcome the drawbacks of queue, using circular queue. Imagine the worst situation that there is only one element at the last position of the queue. If we try an insertion operation in this queues, there will he overflow situation. This limitation of linear queue can be overcome by circular queue.

Answer 9.
Alink: It specifies the colour of the active hyperlink. The default Alink colour is green.
Vlink: It specifies the colour of the hyperlink which is already visited by the viewer. The default colour for Vlink is purple.

Answer 10.

<form Name = ‘myform’> 
input a number
<input type = “text” name = num> 
<input type = “button” value = “check” onClick = “Myform”>
</form> 
function Myform()
{ 
num = document.myform.num.value alert (num);
}

Answer 11.
onClick() : This event occurs when the User clicks on the element.
onMousedown() : This event occurs when the user presses a mouse button over an element.

Answer 12.
Primary key: It is a set of one or more attributes that can uniquely identify tuples within the relation. It cannot contain null value and duplicate value.
Foreign key: A key in a table can be called foreign key if it is a primary key in another table. Since a foreign key can be used to link two or more tables it is also called a reference key.

Answer 13.
a. σ Quality>60  (PRODUCT)
b. πPname, Quality (PRODUCT)

Answer 14.
PHP is needed to accept the data sup-plied through the clients and process them within the server computer and give results back to the clients. PHP returns html files after processing.

Answer 15.
Internet banking and core banking help in transforming traditional banking into e-Banking. e-Banking or electronic banking is defined as the automated delivery of banking services directly to customers through electronic channel. E-Banking is utilized in ATMs, bill payments, Internet banking and core banking.

Answer 16.
GIS is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking and displaying data related to various positions on earth’s surface. GIS can show many different kinds of data on a map.

Answer 17.

struct Student
{
int rno;
char Name[20];
struct
{
int dd, mm, yy;
} dob;
};

Answer 18.
Data abstraction: Refers to showing only the essential features of the application and hiding the details from outside world. Data abstraction separates interface and implementation. Implementation denotes how variables are declared, how functions are coded, etc. It is through interface (function header/function signature) a communication is send to the object as messages.
Encapsulation: An OOP concept that binds together the data and functions that manipulate the data, and keeps both data and function safe from outside interference and misuse. C++ implements encapsulation through the declaration of a class. A class can contain private, protected and public members.
Polymorphism refers to the ability of a programming language to process objects differently depending on their data type or class. More specifically, it is the ability to redefine methods for derived classes.

Answer 19.
Algorithm: To perform DELETION operation in a queue
Consider an array QUEUE[N], where N is the maximum size of the array. FRONT and REAR keeps track of the front and rear position of the queue. VAL is a variable to be removed from the queue.

Start
1: If (FRONT > -1 AND FRONT < REAR) 
Then // empty status checking 
2: VAL = Q[FRONT]
3: FRONT = FRONT + 1 
4: Else
5: Print “Queue underflow”
6: End of If
7: If (FRONT > REAR) Then 
8: FRONT = REAR = -1 
9: End of If 
Stop

Answer 20.
1. Border: It specifies the thickness of the border line around the table.
2. Bordercolor: It is used to assign colour to the table border.
3. Align: It specifies the position of the table inside the browser window.

Answer 21.

  1. Inside <BODY>: Placing scripts inside the <BODY> tag, the scripts will be executed while the contents of the web page is being loaded. The web page starts displaying from the beginning of the document. When the browser sees a script code in between, it renders the script and then the rest of the web page is displayed in the browser window.
  2. Inside <HEAD>: It is a visual practice to include scripts in the head section of the web page. The main reason for this is that the body section of most of the HTML pages contains a large volume of text that specifies the contents to be displayed on the web page. Mixing a function definition also with this will create a lot of confusion for the web designer for making any kind of modification in the page.
  3. External JavaScript file: We can place the scripts into an external file and then link to that file from within the HTML document. This file is saved with the extension ‘.js’. Placing JavaScripts in external files has some advantages. This is useful if the same scripts is used across multiple HTML page or a whole website.

Answer 22.
Web hosting is the service of providing storage space in a web server to serve files for a website to be made available on the Internet.
The two stages of web hosting are:
1. Purchase of hosting space.
2. Registration of domain name.
Two types of web hosting are:
Shard web hosting: It is the most common type of web hosting. It is referred to as shared because many different websites are stored on one single web server and they share resources like RAM and CPU. The features available on shared web servers are generally basic and are not flexible to suit a website that require specific features. Dedicated web hosting: It is the hosting where the client leases the entire web server and all its resources. The web server is not shared with any other website. Dedicated servers provide guaranteed performance, but they are very expensive. Since the bandwidth is not shared with other websites, it speeds up the access of the website. If the client is allowed to place their own purchased web server in the service
providers facility, then it is called co-location.

Answer 23.
1. Physical level: It is the lowest level of abstraction. The physical level describes complex lowlevel data structures in detail. We must decide what file organisations are to be used to store the relations and create auxiliary data structures, called indexes, to speed up data retrieved operations.
2. Logical level: It is is the next higher level of abstraction describes what data is stored in the database, and what relationship exist among those data. It describes the entire database in terms of a small number of relatively simple structures. The user of the logical level does not need to be aware of the complexity. Logical level is also referred as conceptual level.
3. View level: It is the highest level of database abstraction and is closest to the users. It is concerned with the way in which individual users view the data. It describes only a part of the entire database. Most of the users are not concerned with all the information that is contained in the database.

Answer 24.
a. UNIQUE
b. AUTO_INCREMENT
c. NOT NULL

Answer 25.
a. First case: Indexed array
Second case: Associative array

b. $arr1 = array(12, 36, 29, 34, 48); 
$arr2 = array (“Pen” =>35,“Pencil”
= >40, “Eraser”=>5, “Brush”=> 25);

Answer 26.
Distributed computing is a method of computing in which large problems can be divided into many small problems which are distributed to many computers. It provides a way to reduce the time it takes to perform a large task.
Grid computing is described as a world in the computational power (resources, services, data) is readily available. Here users get access to computational power just like electricity through wall side with no care or consideration for where or how the electricity is actually generated. Computers on a grid have a program on them, that allows unused resources to be used by another computer on the grid.
Cluster computing is a form of computing in which a group of personal computers, storage devices etc. are linked together so that they can work like a single computer. The components of a cluster are connected to each other through fast local area networks. Clusters provide computational power through parallel processing. It is relatively low cost form of a parallel processing machine used for scientific and other applications.

Answer 27.
i. Government to Government (G2G): It is the electronic sharing of data and/ or information among government agencies, departments or organizations. The goal of G2G is to support e- Governance initiatives by improving communication, data access and data sharing.
ii. Government to Citizens (G2C): If creates an interface between the government and citizens. Here the citizens enjoy a large range of public services. It increases the availability and accessibility of public services. It also improves the quality of services. Its primary purpose is to make the government citizen-friendly.
iii. Government to Business (G2B): e- Governance tools are used to aid the business community to interact with the government. The objective is to capitalism, save time, reduce operational costs and create a more transparent business environment while dealing with the government.
iv. Government to Employees (G2E): Government, being the biggest employer has to interact with its employees on a regular basis. This interaction is a two-way process between the government and the employees.

Answer 28.
a. Dynamic web pages are required to display information retrieved from the database based on the input given through the client
eg., Web page that displays the results of class XI examinations.
b. A web server is a powerful computer which is always switched on and connected to a high bandwidth Internet connection. This will facilitate Internet users around the world to access the websites and services hosted by it at any point of time.
c. a. Static websites:
1. The content and layout of a web page is fixed.
2. Static web pages never use data-bases.
Dynamic websites:
1. The content and layout may change during run time.
2. Database is used to generate dynamic content through queries.

Answer 29.
a. Colspan: It defines the number of columns occupied by that particular cell.
Rowspan: It defines the number of columns occupied by that particular cell

b. <HTML>
<BODY>
<TABLE Border = “1”>
<TR>
<TH Colspan="2"> Science</TH> 
</TR>
<TR>
<TH > Roll No. </TH>
<TH > Name </TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>1</TD>
<TD>Arun</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>2</TD> 
<TD>Aliya</TD> 
</TR>
</TABLE>

Answer 30.

a. SELECT EID, Name FROM EMPLOYEE;
b. SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE JobCode = “TA1” AND Salary>
39000;
c. SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE Name LIKE = “D%”;
d. DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE JobCode =“ME3”;
e. SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE ORDER BY Salary;

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Paper 2

by

Kerala Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Paper 2

Time: 2 Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates:

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Physics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2018

Answer all questions from 1 to 5 (5×1 = 5)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 1.

Question 1.
The variables declared inside the class are known as ……….
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 1

Question 2.
Queue follows the……principle.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 2

Question 3.
A link to a particular section of the same document is called………..
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 3

Question 4.
The keyword used to declare a variable in JavaScript is………..
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 4

Question 5.
Name a protocol that provides secure file transfer.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 5

Answer any nine questions from 6 to 16 (9×2 = 18)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 5.

Question 6.
Orphaned memory blocks are undesirable. How can they be avoided ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 6

Question 7.
“Structure is a user-defined data type”. Justify this statement.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 7
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 7.1

Question 8.
How does stack overflow and underflow occur?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 8

Question 9.
What is the role of payment gateway in online purchases?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 9

Question 10.
Write two different uses of “+” operator in JavaScript ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 10

Question 11.
What are the advantages of writing JavaScript code in the head section of an HTML page?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 11

Question 12.
What happens when we use DELETE FROM command without a WHERE clause?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 12

Question 13.
What are the features of AUTO_ INCREMENT constraint?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 13

Question 14.
Write a PHP program to display the perfect numbers below 100.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 14

Question 15.
Why is cyber law important ?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 15
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 15.1

Question 16.
List some uses of biometrics.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 16

Answer any nine questions from 17 to 27 (9×3 = 27)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 16.1

Question 17.
What are the advantages of character pointer over character array?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 17

Question 18. How C++ implements encapsulation and data hiding?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 18

Question 19.
Write a procedure to implement traversal operation in a linked list.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 19

Question 20.
Create a table with 5 types of fruit names, use headings as serial number, name and cost.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 20

Question 21.
Discuss about six built in functions used in JavaScript.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 21

Question 22.
Categorize the cloud service models.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 22

Question 23.
Using the instance of the EMPLOYEE relation given below, write the result of the following relational algebra expressions.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 23
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 23.1

Question 24.
Explain about the components of SQL.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 24

Question 25.
What is the use of $_SERVER? $_SERVER
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 25

Question 26.
Define the following cyber crimes:
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 26
a. Cyber terrorism
b. Website defacement
c. Attacks against e-governance web-sites

Question 27.
Explain how cloud service models change the way we use computers
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 27

Answer any two questions from 28 to 30 (2 x 5 = 10)
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 27.

Question 28.
Explain about column constraints.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 28

Question 29.
How can we connect a website hosted in a Webserver to a domain name?
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 29

Question 30.
Create a form that accepts information regarding a student. Fields necessary are name, age, class, sex, roll number, hobbies and date of birth. Use appropriate form controls.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 30
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 30.1

Answers

Answer 1.
data member

Answer 2.
FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer 3.
Internal linking

Answer 4.
var

Answer 5.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Answer 6.
If the memory allocated using new operator is not freed using delete, that memory is said to be an orphaned memory block -a block of memory that is left unused, but not released for further allocation. Remedy for memory leak is to ensure that the memory allocated through new is properly deallocated through delete. Memory leak takes place only in the case of dynamic memory allocation. But in case of static memory allocation, the operating system takes the responsibility of allocation and deallocation without user’s instruction. So there is no chance of memory leak in static memory allocation.

Answer 7.
C++ provides facility to define new data types by which such aggregate or grouped data can be represented. The data types defined by user to represent data of aggregate nature are generally known as user-defined data types. Structure is a user-defined data type which represents a collection of logically related data items. It can represent a group of different types .of data under a common name.

Answer 8.
Once the stack is full, and if we attempt to insert an item, an impossible situation arises. This is known as stack overflow.
If the stack is empty and we try to delete an item from the stack, an unfavorable situation arises. This is known as stack underflow.

Answer 9.
Payment gateway is a server that acts as a bridge between merchant server and bank server and transfers money in an encrypted format whenever an online payment/money transfer is made.

Answer 10.
Operator + is used to add two strings. Adding two string means concatenating two strings. If the operands are numbers, it will add the numbers. If the operands are strings it will concatenate the strings. If + operator sees any one operand as string, it will treat both the operands as string type and concatenate the strings.

Answer 11.
It is a visual practice to include scripts in the head section of the web page. The main reason for this is that the body section of most of the HTML pages contains a large volume of text that specifies the contents to be displayed on the web page. Mixing a function definition also with this will create a lot of confusion for the web designer for making any kind of modification in the page. Moreover, the head section of a web page is loaded before the body section. Therefore, if any function call is made in the body section, the function will be executed as the function will be executed as the function definition is already loaded in the memory.

Answer 12.
The rows which are to be deleted are selected by using the WHERE clause. If the WHERE clause is not used, all the rows in the table will be deleted.

Answer 13.
It performs an auto-increment feature. By default, the starting value for this constraint is 1 and will be incremented by 1 for each new record. Only one AUTO_INCREMENT column per table is allowed.

Answer 14.

<?
function is_perfect($number)
{
for ($n = 2; $n <= sqrt($number); $n++)
{
if (!($number % $n))
{
$d += $n;
if ($n <> $number / $n)
$d += $number / $n;
}}
return ++$d == $number;
}
for ($n = 1; $n < 100; $n++) 
if (is_perfect($n)) 
echo $n . '<br />';
?>

Answer 15.
Cyber law is important because it touches almost all aspects of transactions and activities using internet. Whether we realist it or not, every action and every reaction in cyberspace has some legal perspectives.

Answer 16.
Biometrics authentication is used in identification of individual. Biometrics identifiers are the distinctive, measurable characteristics used to label and describe individuals.
Biometric identification is popularly used in attendance management system authentication in computers and other devices, Adhar cards, etc.

Answer 17.
1. Since there is no size specification, a string of any number of characters can be stored. There is no wastage or insufficiency of memory space. But it should be done with initialization, (e.g., char *str = “Program”;)
2. Assignment operator (=) can be used to copy strings.
3. Any character in the string can be referenced using the concept of pointer arithmetic which makes access faster.
4. Array of strings can be managed with optimal use of memory space.

Answer 18.
C++ implements encapsulation and data hiding through the declaration of a class. A class can contain private, protected and public members.

Private: By default, all items defined in a class are private. Members declared under private section are not visible outside the class.

Protected: Members declared as protected are visible to its derived class, but not outside the class.

Public: All variables or functions defined after the public access specifier are accessible anywhere in our program.

Answer 19.
In linked list, traversal begin from the first node. The pointer Start gives the address of the first node, so that we can access the data part using arrow (->) operator. Then we access the link part of the first part, which is the address of the second node. Using this address, we can access the data and link of the second node. This process is continued until we found NULL pointer in the link of a node.

Answer 20.

<HTML>
<HEAD> <TITLE> Fruits Details </ TITLE> </HEAD>
<BODY> <TABLE Border = “1”>
<TR> <TH> Serial number </TH> 
<TH>Name </TH>
<TH>Cost</TH> </TR>
<TR> <TD>1</TD>
<TD>Mango</TD>
<TD>70</TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD>2</TD>
<TD > Apple < /TD >
<TD>100</TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD>3</TD>
<TD>Orange</TD>
<TD>40</TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD>4</TD>
<TD>Grapes</TD>
<TD>90</TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD>5</TD>
<TD>Plum</TD>
<TD>150</TD> </TR>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Answer 21.

  1. alert() function: This function is used to display a message on the screen. This function is used to display a message to the user at the time of data validation, eg., alert (“Welcome to JavaScript”);
  2. isNaN() function: This function is used to check whether a value is a number or not. In this function, NaN stands for Not a Number. The function returns true if the given value is not a number, eg., isNaN(“Abc”);
  3. toUpperCasef) function: This function returns the upper case form of the given string. It is called along with the name of the string variable.
    eg., x.toUpperCaseO; returns the upper case form of the string in the variable x.
  4. toLowerCaseO function: It returns the lower case form of the given string. If all the characters in the string are already in the, lower case, the toLowerCase () returns the same string.
    eg., var x, y;
    x = “Anuvritha”;
    y = x.toLowerCase ();
    alert(y);
  5. charAt() function: It returns the character at a particular position. charAt(0) returns the first character in the string. charAt(1) returns the second character in the string and so on.
    eg., var x, y;
    x = “Orange”;
    y = x.charAt(2);
    alert(y);
    This will display character ‘a’.
  6. length property: It returns the length of the string, length means, the number of characters in the string. The property is called along with the variable.
    eg., var x, y;
    x = “Orange”;
    y = x.length;
    alert(y);

Answer 22.
Software as ab Service (SaaS): It gives subscribers access to both resources and applications. Here a complete application is offered to the customer, as a service on demand. Consumers purchase the ability to access and use and an application or service that is hosted in the cloud.

Platform as a Service (PaaS): A PaaS system goes a level above the software as a Service setup. A PaaS provider gives subscribers access to the components that they require to develop and operate applications over the internet. The customer has the freedom to build his own applications, which run on the provider’s infrastructure.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): In this, as the name states, deals primarily with computational infrastructure. IaaS provides basic storage and computing capabilities as standardized services over the network. The customer would typically set up his own software on the infrastructure.

Answer 23.
Plus Two Computer Science Model Question Papers Paper 2 23a

Answer 24.
1. Data Definition Language (DDL): These are used to create, modify and remove database objects.
2. Data Manipulation Language (DML): It provides commands for data manipulations. DML is a component of SQL that enhances efficient user interaction with the data system by providing a set of commands.
3. Data Control Language (DCL): It is used to control access to the database, which is very essential to a database system with respect to security concerns.

Answer 25.
It holds information about headers, script locations etc. Its elements are:

$_SERVER [‘PHP_SELF’] - returns the file name of the currently executing script.
$_SERVER [‘SERVER_NAME’] - re-turns the name of the host server.
$_SERVER [‘SCRIPT_NAME’] - Same as $_SERVER [‘PHP_SELF’]

Answer 26.
a. It is a cyber attack against sensitive computer networks like nuclear power plants, air traffic controls, gas line controls, telecom, etc. These types of attacks against governments are increasing globally. Cyber terrorism focuses on the use of the internet by anti-nationals to affect a nation’s economic and technological infrastructure. It may prove to be very costly to a country. Therefore governments provide very powerful security mechanisms for their servers.
b. This is a common cyber attack against a government. Defacement of websites includes hacking of government websites and posting derogatory comments about a government in those websites.
c. These types of attacks deny a particular online government service. This is done using a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. They gain access to website administration through content management system and destroy the data. This causes huge loss to the government.

Answer 27.
Software as ab Service (SaaS): It gives subscribers access to both resources and applications. Here a complete application is offered to the customer, as a service on demand. Consumers purchase the ability to access and use and an application or service that is hosted in the cloud.

Platform as a Service (PaaS): A PaaS system goes a level above the software as a Service setup. A PaaS provider gives subscribers access to the components that they require to develop and operate applications over the internet. The customer has the freedom to build , his own applications, which run on the provider’s infrastructure.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): In this, as the name states, deals primarily with computational infrastructure. IaaS provides basic storage and computing capabilities as standardized services over the network. The customer would typically set up his own software on the infrastructure.

Answer 28.
These are applied only to individual columns. They are written immediately after the data type of the column. They are:

  • NOT NULL: It specifies that a column can never have NULL values. NULL is a keyword that represents an empty value.
  • Two NULL values cannot be added, subtracted and compared.
  • AUTO_INCREMENT: It performs an auto-increment feature. By default, the starting value for this constraint is 1 and will be incremented by 1 for each new record. Only one AUTO_ INCRE-MENT column per table is allowed.
  • UNIQUE: It ensures that no two rows have the same value in the column specified with the constraint.
  • PRIMARY KEY: It declares a column as the primary key of the table. It is similar to UNIQUE except that it can be applied only to one column or combination of columns. The primary keys cannot contain NULL values.
  • DEFAULT: A default value can be set for a column, in case the user does not provide a value for that column of a record.

Answer 29.
Domain names are used to identify a website in the Internet. After finalizing a suitable domain name for our website, we have to check whether this domain name is available for registration or its is already in use by somebody else. The websites like www.whois .net check the database of ICANN that contain the list of all the registered domain names. If the domain name entered is available, we can proceed with the registration. The registration requires filling information for WHOIS database of domain names for ICANN. WHOIS information requires the name, address, telephone number and e-mail address of the registrant. After paying the annual registration fees online, the domain is purchased and is registered in our name. Our domain name has to be connected to the IP address if the web server where the web pages are stored. This is done using ‘A record’ (Address record) of the domain. An ‘A record’ is used to store the IP address of a web server connected to a domain name. The ‘A record’ can be modified by logging into the control panel of the domain.

Answer 30.

<HTML>
<HEAD>
< TITLE > Details of Students </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<FORM name = myform METHOD = post action = “save.php”> 
<FIELDSET>
<LEGEND> Enter Details of student </LEGEND>
Name <INPUT TYPE = “text” Name = txtname> <BR>
Age<INPUT TYPE = “text” Name = txtage> <BR>
Class<INPUT TYPE = “text” Class= txtclass> <BR>
Sex<INPUT TYPE = “radio” Name = sex VALUE = Male> Male &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
<INPUT Type = “radio” Name = sex VALUE = Female> Female <BR> 
Hobbies <INPUT Type = “checkbox” Name = chkGarden > Gardening &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
<INPUT Type = “checkbox” Name = chkRead> Reading <BR>
< INPUT Type =“Submit” Value= “Save”> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 
<INPUT Type=“Reset”Value= “Clear”> 
</FIELDSET>
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Computer Science Previous Year Question Paper March 2018

by

Kerala State Board New Syllabus Plus Two Computer Science Previous Year Question Papers and Answers.

Kerala Plus Two Computer Science Previous Year Question Paper March 2018 with Answers

BoardSCERT
ClassPlus Two
SubjectComputer Science
CategoryPlus Two Previous Year Question Papers

Time: 2 Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non-programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Part – A

Answer all questions from 1 to 5. Each carries 1 score. (5 × 1 = 5)

Question 1.
Showing only the essential features and hiding complexities from Outside World refers to ________
Answer:
Abstraction

Question 2.
Name the data structure where memory allocation is done only at the time of execution.
Answer:
Linked List

Question 3.
The space between content and cell border in a table can be changed using ________ attribute.
Answer:
cell padding

Question 4.
What is the expansion of LAMP?
Answer:
Linux Apache MySQL PHP

Question 5.
New domain names are checked in the database of ________ before approving registration.
Answer:
www.whois.net

Answer any nine questions from 6 to 16. (Scores: 9 × 2 = 18)

Question 6.
Identify the correct errors in the following code fragment:
Struct
{
int regno;
char name [20];
float mark = 100;
};
Answer:
The errors are given below:
1. Instead of Struct write struct with a tag name as follows
struct student

2. The variable mark is a float variable hence it must be initialized with a float value as follows
float mark=100.0;
The correct code is as follows
struct student
{
int regno;
charname[20];
float mark=100.0;
};

Question 7.
What is the difference between static and dynamic memory allocation?
Answer:
We know that memory is classified into two primary and secondary. Just like that data structures are classified as static and dynamic. Static data structure is associated with primary memory. The needed memory is allocated before the execution of the program and it is fixed throughout the execution. The array is an example of this. In a Dynamic data structure, memory is allocated during execution. A linked list is an example of this.

Question 8.
Write an algorithm to add a new item into a stack.
Answer:
Push operation
the algorithm is given below:
Step 1: If top=N. Then print “OVERFLOW” and return
Step 2: Set top = top+1
Step 3: Set Stack[top]=item
Step 4: stop

Question 9.
Write the HTML code fragment to insert an image “Profile.jpg” aligned in center of a webpage.
Answer:
<center>
<img src=”Profile.jpg” width=100 height=100>
</center>

Question 10.
The following code in HTML will call the Show Message () in Java Script.
<input type = “button” value = ‘show’ onClick=”ShowMessage();”>
Modify the code to call the ShowMessage() when”
(a) User moves the mouse over the button
(b) User presses any key on the keyboard
Answer:
(a) <input type=”button” value=”show” onMouseEnter=”ShowMessage()”>
(b) <input type=”button” value=”show” onKeyDown=”ShowMessage()”>

Question 11.
Consider two strings “Education is the most powerful weapon” and “you can use to change the world”.
Write JavaScript code to:
(a) Store these strings in two variables
(b) Combine the two string variables.
Answer:

<html>
<head>
<Script Language="JavaScript">
function combine()
{
var str1, str2, str3;
str1="Education is the most powerful weapon";
alert(“First string is-”+str1);
str2="You can use to change the world";
alert(“Second string is-”+str2);
str3=str1+"."+str2;
alert("The combined string is-"+str3);
}
</Script>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<form name="frm">
<input type="button" value="Combine two strings" onClick="combine()">
</form>
</center>
</body>
</html>

Question 12.
What is the primary key? What is the significance of the primary key in a relation?
Answer:
Primary key – It is a set of one or more attributes used to uniquely identify a row. It does not allow to enter same values in a column.

Question 13.
Consider the given table SPORTS and write relational expressions for the following questions:

P/DNameGoalsGames
1Maradona9085
2Carlos7068
3Messi8049
4Robert7560

(a) Select the name of all players
(b) Select Name and Goals scored by players who have scored more than 70 goals.
Answer:
(a) p Name (SPORTS)
(b) p Name, Goals (s Goals > 70 (SPORTS))

Question 14.
Name the global variables used for passing data using HTTP GET and POST requests.
Answer:
$_GET: Data passed using the HTTP GET method
$_POST: Data passed using the HTTP POST method.

Question 15.
What is cyberspace? How cyberspace has influenced our life?
Answer:
Nowadays telephone systems and computer System are integrated and create a virtual(unreal) environment. This is called cyberspace. The result of this integration is that tremendous speed and it is very cheap. The various departments of Govt, are providing speed, reliable and convenient online service hence increase productivity. Online shopping, Online banking, Online debate, Online Auction, etc. are the various services offered by the Internet.

Question 16.
What Is Artificial Neural Networks?
Answer:
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN): The brain is a complex, nonlinear, and parallel computer with the ability to perform tasks such as recognise pattern, perception and motor control. ANN is the method of simulate biological neural systems to learn, memorise and generalize like human beings. A human brain cortex consists of 10-500 billion neurons with 60 trillion synapses (a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron to pass electrical)

Answer any nine questions from 17 to 27. (Scores: 9 × 3 = 27)

Question 17.
Read the following code fragment;
int a [ ] = {5, 10, 15, 20, 25};
int *p = a;
Predict the output of the following statements:
(a) count<<*p;
(b) count<<*p+1;
(c) count<<*(p+1);
Answer:
(a) 5 (i.e. the content of the starting address)
(b) 6 (i.e. the content of the starting address, 5+1=6)
(c) 10 (i.e. the content of, the starting address+1. The second element)

Question 18.
What is the object-oriented programming paradigm? Give any two advantages.
Answer:
There are many drawbacks in Procedural Programming Paradigm, OOP eliminates these problems. It wraps data and functions into a single unit. Such units are called objects.
Advantages of using OOP are

  • OOP allows modularity(divide the large programs into smaller ones)
  • It is good for defining abstract data types.
  • It allows data abstraction. That is it hides or protects data.
  • It allows code reusability
  • Real-life entities can be easily created
  • It supports creating new data types.

Question 19.
What is the data structure? How are they classified?
Answer:
Data Structure: It is a particular way of organizing similar or dissimilar logically related data items into a single unit.
Classification of data structures: Classified as simple(Array and structure) and compound. Compound(mixture) data structure is further classified as linear and nonlinear. A data structure is said to be linear if its elements form a sequence(it needs contiguous memory location) otherwise it is called a non-linear data structure needs random memory)
The examples of Linear data structures are stack, queue, and linked list.

Question 20.
List and explain any three attributes of the BODY tag in HTML.
Answer:
Attributes of the Body tag.
Bgcolor: Used to set the background colour.
Text: This specifies the colour of the text content in the page.
Background: It sets an image as the background for the document body.

Question 21.
Identify suitable JavaScript data types for the following:
(a) “supercomputer”
(b) “true”
(c) 67.5
Answer:
(a) String
(b) String/Boolean
(c) Number

Question 22.
What is Responsive Web Design? What is its significance in modem computing devices?
Answer:
The home page is displayed differently according to the screen size of the browser window(different screen sized devices-mobile phone, palmtop, tablet, laptop, and desktop) we used. The website is designed dynamically(flexibly) that suit the screen size of a different device introduced by Ethan Marcotte. Before this, companies have to design different websites for different screen sized devices. By responsive web design, companies have to design only one website that suitably displayed according to the screen size of the devices.

Question 23.
Define the following terms:
(a) Relation
(b) Candidate key
(c) Tuples and attributes
Answer:
Relation – Tables are called relation
Candidate key – It is used to uniquely identify the row.
Tuple – Rows are called tuples
Attributes – Columns are called attributes.

Question 24.
Write short notes on any three data types in SQL.
Answer:
Data Types

  1. Char – It is used to store a fixed number of characters. It is declared as char(size).
  2. Varchar – It is used to store characters but it uses only enough memory.
  3. Dec or Decimal – It is used to store numbers with decimal pdint. It is declared as Dec (size, scale). We can store a total of size number of digits.
  4. Intorlnteger – It is used to store numbers without a decimal point. It is declared as int. It has no argument. Eg: age int.
  5. Smallint- Used to store small integers.
  6. Date – It is used to store date. The format is yyyy-mm-dd. Eg:‘1977-05-28’.
  7. Time – It is used to store time. The format is HH:MM:SS. Eg: ‘22:32:45’.

Question 25.
What is the difference between echo and print in PHP?
Answer:
echo and print are used to display all types of data but echo is used to produce multiple outputs.
Parenthesis is optional.
eg: echo “ first output”, “second output”;
or
echo (“ first output”, “second output”);
print “only one output”;
or
print (“only one output”);

Question 26.
Define the following cybercrimes:
(a) Identify Theft
(b) Harassment
(c) Impersonation and cheating
Answer:
a) Identity theft: The various information such as personal details(name, Date of Birth, Address, Phone number, etc) , Credit / Debit Card details(Card number, PIN, Expiry Date, CW, etc), Bank details, etc. are the-identity of a person. Stealing this information by acting as the authorized person without the permission of a person is called Identity theft. The misuse of this information is a punishable offense.

b) Harassment: Commenting badly about a particular person’s gender, color, race, religion, nationality, in Social Media is considered as harassment. This is done with the help of the Internet is called Cyberstalking (Nuisance). This is a kind of torturing and it may lead to spoiling friendship, career, self-image, and confidence. Sometimes may lead to a big tragedy of a whole family or a group of persons.

c) Impersonation and cheating: Fake accounts are created in Social media and act as the original one for the purpose of cheating or misleading others.
Eg: Fake accounts in Social Medias (Facebook, Twitter, etc), fake SMS, fake emails, etc.

Question 27.
Briefly explain different types of cloud services.
Answer:
It is an emerging computing technology. Herewith the use of the Internet and central remote servers to maintain data and applications. Example of this is Email service, Office Software (word processor, spreadsheets, presentations, database, etc), graphic software, etc. The information is placed in a central remote server just like clouds in the sky hence the name cloud computing.
Cloud Service Models (3 major services)
1. Software as a Service (SaaS): A SaaS provider company provides more services on demand such as they allow to access both resources and applications. Examples are Google Docs, Adobe creative cloud, Microsoft Office 365, Facebook.com etc.
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS): A PaaS provider company provides subscribers access to the components that they require to develop and operate applications over the Internet.
Example: LAMP platform (Linux, Apache Server, MySQL, and PHP), ASP.NET, PHP and Python, Google’s App Engine, Microsoft Azure, Force.com, etc.
3. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): It provides basic storage devices and computing capabilities as standardized services over the network.
Example: Amazon Web Services, Joyent, AT&T, GoGrid, etc.

Answer any two questions from 28 to 30. (5 score each) (Scores: 2 × 5 = 10)

Question 28.
Write SQL queries based on the table STUDENT given below:

Plus Two Computer Science Previous Year Question Paper March 2018 Q28

  1. Add a new field percentage to the table.
  2. Update percentage of all students (Percentage = Total /3)
  3. Find the average column total from students in the commerce batch.
  4. Delete all students in the Humanities batch.
  5. Find the number of students whose percentage is greater than 90.

Answer:

  1. ALTER TABLE STUDENT ADD Percentage decimal (5, 2);
  2. UPDATE STUDENT SET Percentage=Total/3;
  3. SELECT AVG(Total) FROM STUDENT WHERE Group=’Commerce’;
  4. DELETE FROM STUDENT WHERE Group=’Humanities’;
  5. SELECT COUNT(*) FROM STUDENT WHERE Percentage >90;

Question 29.
(a) Name the different types of communication on the web and explain briefly. (Scores: 3)
(b) What is a web server? (Scores: 2)
Answer:
(a) Client to web server communication
This communication is carried out between the client to the webserver (shopping site). The technology used to protect data that are transferred from, client to the webserver is HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure). This encrypts user name, password, etc., and sent to the server. HTTPS works using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) ensures privacy as well as prevents it from unauthorised access (changes) from other websites.
Following are the steps

  1. A browser requests a web page to the server.
  2. The server returns its SSL certificate.
  3. Browser checks the genuinity of the certificate by the authorised certification authority (Eg: Verisign).
  4. The certificate authority certifies whether it is valid or not.
  5. If it is valid the browser encrypts the data and transmits it. The certificate can be viewed by click on the lock symbol.

Web server to web server communication: This communication is usually carried out between the webserver (seller) to another webserver (normally a bank). For safe transactions, a Digital certificate issued by third-party web sites is used.
A payment gateway is a server (Computer) that acts as a bridge (interface) between the merchant’s server and bank’s server to transfer money.

(b) Webserver
A computer with high storage capacity, high speed, and processing capabilities is called a web server. Hence it is a powerful computer with a server operating system and software for providing services like www, e-mail, etc. Popular server operating systems are Redhat, OpenSUSE, Debian, Ubuntu, Sun Solaris, Microsoft Windows Server, etc.

Question 30.
Identify errors in the following HTML code:
(a) <UL type = “A” start = 5>
(b) <h1><b> web programming </b> </i> </hl>
(c) <img src = ‘Profile.jpg’ size = 50>
(d) <a href = “[email protected]”>
(e) <frameset rows = “50%, 25%, 25%”>
<frame src = “1.html”>
<frame src = “2.html”>
</frameset>
Answer:
(a) <UL> tag has no type and start attribute. It is an Ordered list hence use <OL>
The correct code is <OL type=”A” start=5>

(b) <i> tag is missing
The correct code is <h1> <i><b> web programming</b></i></h1>

(c) <img> tag has no size attribute.
The correct code is
<img src=”Profile.jpg” width=”100″ height=”100″>

(d) missing mailto: while creating an email link
The correct code is
<a href=mailto:”[email protected]”>

(e) Here the browse window is divided into three rows hence one frame is missing.
The correct code is
<frameset rows =”50%, 25%, 25%”>
<frame src=”1 .html”>
<frame src=”2.html”>
<frame src=”3.html”>
</frameset>

Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Paper 4

by

Kerala Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Paper 4

General Instructions to Candidates :

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2017 1

QUESTIONS

Answer the following questions from 1 to 7. Each carries 1 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 1

Question 1.
Mr Rahul is working as a production manager in petro Ltd. Identify the level of management he belongs to.
a. Top level
b. Operate level
c. Middle level
d. Bottom level
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 2

Question 2.
Find the odd one
a. Unity of command
b. Division of work
c. Discipline
d. Functional foremanship
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 3

Question 3.
It is the study to find out the best way of doing the job. Identify the technique.
a. Time study
b. Fatigue study
c. Method Study
d. Motion study
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 4

Question 4.
Complete the diagram.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 5

Question 5.
The technique used by managers to study the relationship between cost, volume and profit is ______
a. Budgetary control
b. Ratio analysis
c. Break even analysis
d. Management audit
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 6

Question 6.
Which of the following is not a money market instrument?
a. Commercial bill
b. Commercial paper
c. Bonds
d. Certificate of deposit
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 7

Question 7.
Complete the series.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 8

Answer any 7 questions from 8 to 15. Each carries 2 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 9

Question 8.
In a classroom debate Nvami argued that managent is multidimentional? Do you agree? why?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 10

Question 9.
Brifly narrate motion study?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 11

Question 10.
It is the basis of all other fuctions of management.
a. Identify the fuction.
b. State any two feathures of it.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 12

Question 11.
Recruitment is regard as a positive process and selection is a negative process. Comment your views.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 13

Question 12.
State the objective of financial management?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 14

Question 13.
What are the elements in the communication process in between the receiver and the sender?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 15

Question 14.
Some products have certain unique features because of which people make special efforts in their purchase.
a. Identify the product discussed above.
b. Write any two features of it.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 16

Question 15.
State any two responsibilities of a customer while purchasing and using goods and services?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 17

Answer Answer any 4 questions 16 to 20. Each Carries 3 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 18

Question 16.
‘Efficiency and effectiveness are the two sides of the same coin’. Comment your views in the light of management
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 19

Question 17.
Describe informal organisation and its two merits?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 20

Question 18.
“Directing function is regarded as the heart of the man agent process” Give reasons to support this statement.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 21

Question 19.
Explain any three rights of consumer under the consumer protection Act 1986.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 22

Question 20.
Describe the role and functions of entrepreneurs in their enterprise?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 23

Answer any 4 questions from 21 to 25. Each carries 4 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 24

Question 21.
Explain the importance of principles of management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 25

Question 22.
“Government of india withdrawn the old 500 and 1000 Rupee currency notes from 08.11.2016 on wards”
a. Identify the environment of the business it affected mostly.
b. State the features of this environment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 26
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 27

Question 23.
Explain briefly the various steps involved in the organizing process?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 28

Question 24.
“Planning and controlling are insperable twins of management” Comment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 29

Question 25.
A devision in financial management is concerned with the quantum of finance to be raised from iongterm sourses.
a. Name the type of devision referred above.
b. Explain any three factors affecting this devision.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 30

Answer any 3 questions from 26 to 29. Each carries 5 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 31

Question 26.
It is an activity of thinking rather than doing.
a. Identify the activity
b. Narrate its steps.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 32
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 33

Question 27.
Explain the important factors affecting the working capital requirement of a business?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 34

Question 28.
it is the regulatory and developmental agency of Indian Securities market. Name the agency and narrate the different functions performed by them.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 35

Question 29.
Describe the functions of labeling in the marketing of a product?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 36

Answer any 2 questions from 30 to 32 . Each carries 8 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 37

Question 30.
“Money is the only factor to motivate employees”
a. Do you agree this statement.
b. Give detailed justification.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 38

Question 31.
Explain the different factors which affect the fixation of the price of a product?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 39

Question 32.
Micro Ltd decided to fill 10 posts of Accountant from outside the organisation. Suggest the maximum possibilities of recruitments available to micro limited.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 40

ANSWERS

Answer 1.
c. Middle level
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 41

Answer 2.
d. Functional foremanship
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 42

Answer 3.
c. Method study
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 43

Answer 4.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 44

Answer 5.
c. Break even analysis
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 45

Answer 6.
C. Bonds
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 46

Answer 7.
Manager: Controling
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 235

Answer 8.
I agreed this statement because of In modern, concept, management has therefore, been defined as a process of getting things done with the aim of achieving goals effetively and effeciently.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 48
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 49

i. Process
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 50
The functions of management performs to getting things done through others by planning, organising, staffing, directing, and controlling.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 51

ii. Effectiveness
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 52
Effectiveness in management is concerned with doing the right task, completing activities and achieving goals.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 53

iii. Efficiency
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 54
Efficiency means doing the task correctly and with minimum cost.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 55

Answer 9.
Motion study
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 56
It involves the study of the movement of operations of a worker. It aims at eliminating unnecessary, ill directed and inefficient movement so as to perform the work in the best possible manner.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 57

Answer 10.
a. Planning

FEATURES OF PLANNING
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 58

1. Planning focuses on achieving objectives
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 59

Every organisation has a set of goals to be achieved. Planning involves setting goals and determining the most economical and viable course of action to achieve the predetermined goals.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 60

2. Planning is a primary function of management
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 61

It lays down the base for all other functions of management. All other managerial functions are performed within the framework of the plans drawn.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 62

Answer 11.
Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective candidates and inducing them to apply for jobs. Its aim is to create a large pool of applicants for jobs, so it is a positive process.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 63

Selection is concerned with choosing from those who have applied for jobs. Its aim is to ensures the most component people for jobs, so it is a negative process.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 64

Answer 12.
The primary aim of financial management is to maximise share holders wealth. The objective if financial management is to maximise the current price of equity shares of the company or to maximise the wealth of owners of the company, that is shareholders.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 65

Answer 13.
1. Sender
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 66
The process of communication begins when one person called the sender or communicator conveys a message or an idea to another person is called the receiver.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 67

2. Message
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 68
It is the subject matter of communication. It may consist of facts, information, ideas, opinion etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 69

3. Encoding
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 70
In order to make the receiver understand the message, the sender translates the message into words, symbols, or some other form. It is known as encoding the message.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 71

4. Channel
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 72
It is the medium or path through which the encoded message is transmitted to the receiver. The channel may be a written form, face to face, phone call, internet etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 73

5. Receiver
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 74
The person who receives the message is called the receiver or communicate. The receiver may be a listener, a reader or observer.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 75

6. Decoding
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 76
It is the process of converting encoded symbols of the sender.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 77

7. Feedback
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 78
The receiver sends his response to the sender of the message. This response is known as feedback.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 79

8. Noise
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 80
It means an obstruction or hindrance in the communication process.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 81

Answer 14.
a. Speciality products
b. Special efforts for during these are available for sale at few places only.
Demand for these products remains low.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 82

Answer 15.
a. Consumer must be quality consious/ Do Not compromise on quality.
b. Do Not forget get Receipt and Guarantee/Warranty card
c. Do Not buy in hurry
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 83

Answer 16.
Effectiveness
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 84
Effectiveness in management is concerned with doing the right task, completing activities and achieving goals.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 85

Efficiency
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 86
Efficiency means doing the task correctly and with minimum cost.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 87
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 88

Answer 17.
INFORMAL ORGANISATION
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 89

Within the informal organisation, individuals carry out the assigned task in co-operation with each other. They interact or communicate on personal whims, likes, dislikes, prejudice, etc. among themselves in the course of their work. This gradually develops into friendly relations and forms small social groups. Such relations arise spontaneously and are not created by the top management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 90

Advantages of Informal organisation
1. Quick communication is possible
2. Give importance to social needs of employees
3. Better feedback from subordinates to superiors
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 91

Answer 18.
Directing function is regarded as the heart of the management process, because of Directing is a complex function that includes all those activities which are designed to encourage subordinates to work effectively and efficiently.following are the importance of directing.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 92

1. Initiate action
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 93
Planning, organizing and staffing are preparations for doing work. The work actually begins only when the manager performs the directing function. Thus directing initiates action.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 94

2. Integrates employees efforts
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 95
It integrates the efforts of individual and group to achieve common objectives. This is possible by supervision, guidance and counselling.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 96

3. Provides leadership
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 97
Effective directing provides motivation and leadership to the employees, which helps them to identify their potentials and realise their latent capabilities, leading to growth.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 98

4. introduces changes
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 99
Most of the employees resist changes. They prefer to go on performing their routine work and remain indifferent to new ideas and techniques. Through effective direction, employees are induced to accept changes and challenges of the job.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 100

5. Provides stability
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 101
Effective directing helps to develop co-operation and commitment on part of subordinates. This provide stability to the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 102

Answer 19.
THE CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
1986 Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 103
The Consumers Protection Act (CPA) seeks to protect and promote the consumers interest through speedy and inexpensive redressal of their grievances.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 104

CONSUMER RIGHTS
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 105

1. Right to safety
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 106
The consumer has a right to be protected against goods and services which are hazardous to life and health.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 107

2. Right to be informed
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 108
The consumers has a right to have complete information about the product he intends to buy including its ingredients, date of manufacture, price, quantity, directions for use etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 109

3. Right to choose
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 110
The consumer has the freedom to choose from a variety of products at competitive prices.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 111

Answer 20.
Following are the functions of entrpreneurs

1. Contribution to GDP
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 112
Increase in the Gross Domestic Product or GDP is the most common definition of economic development. Entrepreneurs generate income via organisation of production be it agriculture, manufacturing or services.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 113

2. Capital formation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 114
To integrate the capital of others into entrepreneurial capital is known as capital formation. The entrepreneurial decision, in effect, is an investment decision that augments the productive capacity of the economy and hence, results in capital formation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 115

3. Generation of Employment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 116
Every new business is a sources of employment to people with different abilities, skills and qualifications. Thus the entrepreneurship provides employment opportunities this will leads to economic development.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 117

4. Generation of business opportunities for others
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 118
Every new business creates opportunities for the suppliers of inputs and the marketers of the output.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 119

5. Improvement in economic efficiency
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 120
Efficiency means to have greater output from the same input. Entrepreneurs imp¬rove economic efficiency by providing, reducing wastes, increasing yield, and bringing about technical progress etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 121

6. Increase the spectrum and scope of economic activities
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 122
Development does not merely mean ‘more’ and ‘better’ of the existing, it also and more crucially means diversification of economic activities across the geographic, sectrol, and technological scope. Entrepreneurs lead the process of economic development via bringing about sectoral change.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 123

ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS

1. Opportunity scouting
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 124
One may rely on personal observation, discovery or invention, personal experience may also help in identifying business opportunities.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 125

2. Identification of specific product offering
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 126
While the environment scan leads to the discovery of more generalised business opportunities.

Clearly decision on specific product offering necessities decisions on who is buying, why, and what are the value expectations. You will be able to succeed when the value delivered not only meets but also exceeds customers expectations and create vow impact.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 127

3. Feasibility analysis
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 128
The product offering idea must be technically feasible, that is it should be possible with the available technology to convert the idea into a reality.
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Answer 21.
PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
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1. Providing managers with useful insights into reality
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Principles help managers to improve their knowledge and understanding of managerial situations.
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Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 133

2. Optimum utilisation of resourcesand effective administration.
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Optimum utilisation of resources emphasise that resources should give maximum benefit with minimum cost, it also increase the effeciency of managemtent.
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3. Scientific decisions
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Management principles helps in thoughtful decision making because they are based on logic rather than blind faith. Such decisions are free from bias and prejudice.
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4. Meeting changing environment requirements
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Modem business environment is complex and ever changing ln order to be successful, organisations have to adapt these changes. Principles are dynamic in nature.
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5. Fulfilling social responsibility
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Management principles are evolved or developed to serve the demands of society. These principles establish certain ethics in response to social responsibility towards society.
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6. Management training, education and research
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Management principles act as a base of doing research and development in management studies. These principles provide basic groundwork for the development of managers.
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Answer 22.
a. Economic Enviroment
b. The economic environment consist of the factors and forces concerning with means of production and distribution of wealth. It comprises of interest rate, rate of inflation, value of GDP, per capita income, tax rates, disposible income etc.

  • Directly related with economic activities.
  • Impact of Non-economic factors
  • Impact of ideology of the people
  • Impact of basic infrastructure
  • Economic disparties, Economic planning
  • Public morality
  • Directives of the govt.
  • Availability of capital

Answer 23.
STEPS IN THE PROCESS OF ORGANISING
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1. Division of work
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This is the first step in organising. The need for setting up an organisation arises because the total work of an organisation cannot be performed by a single individual. The total work is, therefore, to be divided into various functions or activities so that each activity may be one person or a group of persons. This brings in specialisation of efforts and skills.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 147

2. Departmentalistion
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Once, work has been divided into small and manageable activities, then those activities which are similar in nature,are grouped together. This process is called departmentalisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 149

3. Assigning duties
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The next step involves the allotment of various activities of different individuals according to their ability and aptitude. Each one is given a specific job and he is responsible for its execution. However, he should be given appropriate authority also. ‘Right man at the right job is the motto’.
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4. Establishing reporting relationships
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It is at this stage that the various members of the organisation are linked by authority responsibility relations, in other words, an authority structure is created to facilitate the smooth functioning of the business.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 153

Answer 24.
Planning and controlling are closely related. After plan becomes opeational, control is necessary to measure the performance to locate deviations and to take remedial measures. Without planning, there is no basis for controlling activities and without effective system of control, planned activities cannot be properly implemented. It is true that planning depends upon controlling. Control system provides certain standards for measuring and appraising performance which are laid down by planning. Planning without control is meaningless and control without planning is blind.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 154
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 155

Answer 25.
CAPITAL MARKET
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Capital market is a market for medium and long term funds. This market facilitates the institutional arrangement through which long term funds, both debt and equity are raised and invested.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 157

a. Performance of domestic companies: The performance of the companies or rather corporate earnings is one of the factors which has direct impact or effect on capital market in a country.weak corporate earnings indicate that the demand for goods and services in the economy is less due to slow growth in per capital income of people.

b. Political stability and government policies : For any economy to achieve and sustain growth it has to have political stability and pro growth government policies. This is because when there is political stability there is stability and consistancy in government’s attitude which is communicated through various government policies. The vice versa is the case when there is no political stability. So capital market also rea¬cts to be nature of government, attitude of government and various policies of the government.

c. Growth prospectus of an economy When the national income of the country increases and per capital income of people increases it is said that the economy is growing . Higher income also means higher expenditure and higher savings. Thus when an economy is growing at a good place capital market of the country attrats more money from investors, both from within and outside the country and vice versa. So we can say that growth prospectus of an economy does have an impact on capital market.
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Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 159

Answer 26.
a. PLANNING
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According to Koontz and O’Donnell “Planning is deciding in advance, what to do it, when to do it and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap from where we are to where we want to go. It makes possible for things to occur which could not otherwise happen.”
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b. As we all know, planning is to decide in advance what to do and how to do. It is an activity, which follows certain logical steps.
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1. Setting Objectives
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Every organisation operates to achieve certain objectives. Objectives specify what the organisation wants to achieve. Therefore, the first step in planning is to define and describe clearly the objectives of the organisation and each departments or unit within the organisation.
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2. Developing premises
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The manager is required to make certain assumptions about future. These assumptions are known as premises. Premises are the base, upon which plans are drawn. They may be forecasts, existing plans or past information.
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3. Identifying Alternative course of action
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Once the objectives and planning premises are established, it becomes necessary to discover the various course of action, which may be used to achieve the established objectives.
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4. Evaluating Alternative course
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The next step is to weigh the pros and cons of the alternative. It is necessary to evaluate the positive and negative aspect of each alternative in the light of the objectives to be achieved.
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5. Selecting an alternative
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This is the real point of decision making. The best plan has to adopted and implemented. An ideal plan would be one which most profitable feasible and has the least negative consequences.
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6. Implementing the plan
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This step is to concerned with putting the plan into action and doing what is required. The managers start communicating the plans to employees and initiate them to carry out the activities according to the specifications of plans.
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7. Follow-up action
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Planning is a continuous process, so the manager keep on following up the plans to see that activities are performed as per the shedule or not.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 176

Answer 27.
1. Nature of business
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A trading organisation usually needs a smaller amount of working capital compared to manufacturing organisation.
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2. Scale of operation
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For increase the size of business,the requirement of working capital is also increases.
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3. Business cycle
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Different phases of business cycles affect the requirement of working capital by a firm.
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4. Seasonal factors
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Most business have some seasonality in their operations. In peak season, because of higher level of activity, larger amount of working capital is required. The seasonal factors also determining the requirement of working capital.
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5. Production cycle
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Some business have a longer production cycle while some have a shorter one. Duration and the length of production cycle, affects the amount of working capital requirement.
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Answer 28.
SEBI

REGULATORY FUNCTIONS
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1. Registration of brokers and sub brokers and other players in the market.
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2. Registration of collective investment schemes and mutual funds.
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3. Calling of information by under taking inspection, conducting inquiries and audit of stock exchange and inter mediaries.
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4. Levying fee or other charges for carrying out the purpose of the act.
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5. Performing such other functions may be prescribed.
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DEVELOPMENT FUNCTIONS
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1. Training of intermediaries of the securities market.
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2. Conducting research for the above purposes
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3. To encourage online marketing
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PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS
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1. Prohibition of fradulent and unfair trade practices.
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2. Controlling insider trading and imposing penalties for such practices.
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3. Undertaking steps for investor protection.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 201

Answer 29.
LABELLING
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Labelling means putting identification mark on the package. A label contains details regarding the product and then manufacturer. It also give information about brand and grade of the product.
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Functions of labeling

1. Describe the product and specify its contents : it specifies the contents and other features of the product. It enables the manufacturer to give clear instructions to the consumer about the proper use of his product.

2. Identification of the product or brand: It gives a definite idendity to the product or brand and therefore, the identification of a product becomes easy.

3. Grading of products:
It enables the manufacturer to grade the products in to different categories.

4. Helps in promotion of products:
A good label can attract attention, describe the product and stimulate the buyer to buy the product. it helps in the promotion of the product.

5. Providing information Required by law : It provides information required under law.
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Answer 30.
lam not agree with this statement because of money is the only one factor to motivate the employees, that an individual have certain psychological,emotional and social needs which money cannot satisfy.in order to sataisfy these factors, non finanacial incentives are required. Following points contribute the same :

i. Status in business terms, status means ranking of positions in the organisation. The authority,responsibility, rewards, recognition , perquisites and prestige of job indicate the status given to a person holding a managerial position

ii. Organisational climate Better conditions in an organisation like individual autonomy,reward orientation, consideration to employees, risk taking etc.provide an organisation to be different from the other organisations, positive measures taken in these aspects,helps to devolope better organisational climate.

iii. Career advanced opportunity When employees are provided opportunities to grow in status and resposibility, they are satisfiedand are commited to organisational goals. Appropriate skill developed programmes and sound promotion policy help employees to improve their skills and be promoted to higher levels and exhibit improved performance.
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Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 206

Answer 31.
The term pricing denotes the money value of a product or service. It is the value which a buyer passes on the seller in return for a product or services provided.
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Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 208

There are number of factors which affect the fixation of the price of a product.

1. Production cost
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One of the most important factor affecting price of a product or service is its cost. This includes the cost of producing, distributing and selling the product.
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There are three types of costs; Fixed costs, variable cost and semi costs.
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2. The utility and demand
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If the demand is elastic, price should be set at a lower level and if the demand is less elastic or inelastic price can be set at a higher level.
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3. Extent of competition in the market
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Competitors prices and their anticipated reactions must be considered before fixing the price of a product.
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4. Government and legal regulations
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In order to protect the interest of public against unfair practices in the field of price fixing, Government can intervene and regulate the price of commodities. Government can declare a product as essential product and regulate its Price
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5. Pricing objectives
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If the firm decides to maximise profits in the short run, it would tend to charge maximum price for its products. But if it is to maximise its total profits in the long run. It would opt for a lower per unit price so that it can capture larger share of the market.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 219

6. Marketing methods used
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Price fixation process is also affected by other elements of marketing such as distribution system, sales promotion, publicity, advertising, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 221

Answer 32.
External sources
External sources refers to recruitment from outside the organisation.
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1. Direct recruitment
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Under this, a notice is placed on the notice board of the enterprise specifying the details of the jobs available. On that basis the candidate give applications and attend the interview.
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2. Casual cailers
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Some business organisations keep a database of of unsolicited applicants in their offices. A list of such job seekers may be prepare and screened to fill the vacancies which may arise,
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3. Advertisement
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This is the best method of recruiting persons for higher and experienced jobs. Advertisement may be given in local or national press, trade or professional journals. The requirements of jobs are given in the advertisement.
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4. Employment Exchanges
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Employment exchanges are a good source of recruitment. The job seekers and job givers are brought into contact by the employment exchanges.
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5. Campus Recruitment
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Colleges and institutes of management and technology also offer opportunities to employers to recruit students freshly passing out of their portals. This has become a popular source of recruitment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 4 234

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Paper 3

by

Kerala Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Paper 3

Time : 2 1/2 Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes
Maximum : 80 Score

General Instructions to Candidates :

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2017 1

QUESTIONS

Answer the following questions from 1 to 7. Each carries 1 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 1

Question 1.
Departmental managers are included in which level?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 2

Question 2.
Budget is an instrument of _______
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 3

Question 3.
Spot the odd one among the following persons working at different levels of management.
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a. Purchase manager
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 5
b. production manager
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 6
c. Managing Director
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 7
d. Marketing manager
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 8

Question 4.
‘It is the systematic effort to delegate to the lowest levels all authority except that which can only be excersied at central points’. This cause of
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 9
a. Delegation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 10
b. Centralisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 11
c. Decentralisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 12
d. Departmentalisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 13

Question 5.
The communication network which all subordinates under a manager communicate through the manager only is :
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 14

Question 6.
The first step in the control process which a manager to do is ______
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 15

Question 7.
Complete the diagram .
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 16
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 17

Answer any 7 questions from 8 to 15. Each carries 2 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 18

Question 8.
Is management a ‘profession’ Do you agree this statement.Why?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 19

Question 9.
Explain the role of marketing in economy.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 20

Question 10.
Suppose, you are familiar with an organisation, who is protecting and promoting the interests of consumers.in this context,
a. Identify the organisation.
b. Write any two functions of this organisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 21

Question 11.
Write any two benefits of internal sources of recruitment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 22

Question 12.
Which principal of management aims at securing the loyalty and devotion of the employees by giving them fair and just treatment.? Explain this principle.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 23

Question 13.
This is the oldest stock exchange in Asia.
a. Identify this stock exchange.
b. Prepare a short note about this stock exchange.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 24

Question 14.
“Forecasting is one of the important elements involved in the planning process, without which effective planning cannot be done”. Do you think so? Explain.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 25

Question 15.
‘An effort to control everything may end up in controlling nothing.’ Explain.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 26

Answer any 4 questions from 16 to 20 each carries 3 score
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 27

Question 16.
Explain what are the problems faced by the organisation in implementing a effective control system.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 28

Question 17.
They don’t sell, but they induce customers to make sales’ identify the concept stated in the statement.Explain the any 4 functions of this statement.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 29

Question 18.
What you mean by packaging. Explain the levels of packaging.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 30

Question 19.
Rahul, a manager of Telton Ltd believes that management is an art. Do you agree with the view point of Rahul? Give reasons in support of your answer, and also prepare a short note about the nature of management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 31

Question 20.
” It was set – up to provide small and medium companies an access to the capital market for raising finance in a cost effective manager”
a. Identify this function.
b. Explain the objectives of this function
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 32

Answer any 4 questions from 21 to 25 Each carries 4 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 33

Question 21.
Explain by giving any four reasons, why principle of management are needed.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 34

Question 22.
Which function of management helps in obtaining right people and putting them on the right place/jobs? Explain any five points of importance of this function.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 35

Question 23.
Veena and Meera are working in different departments, but are very close friends.During lunch time, Veena informs Meera that due to the up gradation of latest technology,many people are leaving their jobs.
Which type of communication is this? State advantages and disadvantages of this type of communication.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 36

Question 24.
Economic,Social, Political and legal conditions have a considerable impact on the performance of the company Discuss them briefly.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 37

Question 25.
“Organizing is the backbone of management and it contributes to the success of an enterprise”.point out your arguments in favour of this statement.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 38

Question 26.
It is the process of determining the objectives,policies,procedures, programmes and budgets to deal with financial activities of an enterprise.
a. Identify this function.
b. What are the objectives and importance of this function. Explain.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 39

Question 27.
Henry Fayol suggested that there should be one head one plan for a group of activities having the same objective.
a. Identify the management principle refered here.
b. Explain any four principle of henry fayol.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 40
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 41

Question 28.
What you mean by NSE. Explain the various segments of NSE.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 42

Question 29.
A consumer have no right while purchasing or using a product. Do you agree this statement? Explain.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 43

Answer any 2 questions from 30 to 32.Each carries 8 score
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 44

Question 30.
Define the meaning of controling and what are the techniques of managerial controling.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 45

Question 31.
Explain the role of ‘public relations’in marketing management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 46

Question 32.
It is deciding in advance,What to do it,when to do it and who is to do it .
a. Identify this function.
b. Explain the process of this function.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 47

ANSWERS

Answer 1.
b. Middle level management
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 48

Answer 2.
d. Control
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 49

Answer 3.
b. Managing Director
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 50

Answer 4.
c. Decentralisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 51

Answer 5.
a. Wheel pattern
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 52

Answer 6.
Establishing standards
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Answer 7.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 54

Answer 8.
No I don’t agree as management is not considered as full-fledged profession. It is on the path of becoming a profession.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 55

Answer 9.
Role in economy
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Marketing plays a significant role in the development of an economy. It acts as a catalyst in the economic development of a country and helps in raising the standards of living of the people.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 57

Answer 10.
a. Consumer organisation and NGO
b. 1. Educating the general public about consumer rights by organising training programmes, seminars and work shops.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 58
2. Publishing periodicals and other publications to impart knowledge about consumer problems, legal reporting, reliefs available and other matters of interest.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 59

Answer 11.
i. It creates industrial peace in the enterprise
ii. It creates a sense of security among the personnel.
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Answer 12.
Equity
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Equity means justice and kindness The principle suggest that a fair and just treatment is asured to people in similar positions.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 62

Answer 13.
a. Bombay stock exchange
b. Bombay Stock Exchange is the oldest stock exchange in Asia. It was originally established as The Native share and stock broker’s association in 1875. It is the first stock exchange in India which got permanent recognition in 1956 from the Government of India.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 63

Answer 14.
Planning involves looking ahead and preparing for the future. It involves forecasting of future events such as customers’ demand, competition, go government policies, etc. In other words, planning attempts to handle future events to the best advantage of the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 64

Answer 15.
An important principle of organisational control is control by exception, According to this principle, only significance deviations from standards of performance must be brought to the management’s attention.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 65

Answer 16.
Limitations of controlling

1. Difficulty in setting quantitative standards
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 66
Control system is effective when standards are defined in quantitative terms. But in some case, like employee morale, job satisfaction, etc, It is not possible to set quantitative standards.
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2. Little control on external factors
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There are certain external factors like change in government policies, technological changes, competition, etc. Which are beyond the control of the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 69

3. Resistence to change
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Employees often resist control as they consider it as restriction on their freedom.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 71
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 72

Answer 17.
Marketing.
Following are the functions of marketing.

1. Gathering and anlaysing market information
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One of the important functions of a marketer is to gather and analyse market information. This is necessary to identify the needs of the customers and take various decisions for the successful marketing of the products and services,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 74

2. Market planning
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 75
Another important activity or area of work of a marketer is to develop appropriate marketing plans so that the marketing objectives of the organisation can be achieved.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 76

3. Product Designing and development.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 77
Another important marketing activity or decision area relates to product design-ing and development. The design of the product contributes to making the product attractive to the target customers. A good design can improve performance of a product and also give it a competitive advantage in the market.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 78

4. Standardisation and Grading
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Standardising refers to producing goods to predetermined specifications. Which help in achieving uniformity and consistency in the output.

Grading is the process of classification of products into different groups, on the basis of some of its important characteristics such as quality, size, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 80

Answer 18.
Packaging may be defined as the function of designing and producing the package for a product. A package is a container or a wrapper or a box in which a product is enclosed or sealed. It is absolutely necessary to provide protective packing as the goods so that they may not get damaged in transit,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 81
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 82

LEVELS OF PACKAGING
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1. Primary packaging
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 84
It refers to the product’s immediate container. In some cases, the primary package is kept till the consumer is ready to use the product e.g. toothpaste tube

2. Secondary packaging
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It refers to additional layers of protection that are kept till the product is ready for use e.g. toothpaste cover.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 86

3. Transportation packaging
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It refers to further packaging components necessary for storage, identification or transportation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 88

Answer 19.
i agreed this statement management is an art because of art is the skillful and personal application of existing knowledge to achieve desired results. Management is an art because It involves the application of the general principles for achieving the goals of the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 89
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 90

Nature of management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 91

The nature of management is studied in terms of its dynamic function.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 92

Management as an art
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 93

Art is the skillful and personal application of existing knowledge to achieve desired results. Management is an art because It involves the application of the general principles for achieving the goals of the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 94

Management as a science
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 95

Science refers to a systemtised body of knowledge acquired by mankind through observation and experimentation and which is capable of verification. Management is an inexact science. Peter F. Drucker rightly opines,’’management can never be an exact science”.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 96
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 97

Management as a profession
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 98

All professions are based on a well- defined body of knowledge that can be acquired through instructions
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 99

Answer 20.
a. Over the Counter Exchange of India
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b. OTCEI was set-up to provide small and medium companies an access to the capital market for raising finance in a cost effective manner. It was also meant to provide investors with a convenient, transparent and efficient avenue for capital market investment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 101

OBJECTIVES OF OTCEI
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1. To provide a nationwide investor base to small companies
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 103
2. To provide trading facility in securities to investors
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 104
3. To ensure transparent dealings in securities
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 105
4. To offer quick trading facility to in vestors
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 106

Answer 21.
1. Providing managers with useful insights into reality
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 107

Principles help managers to improve their knowledge and understanding of managerial situations,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 108

2. Optimum utilisation of resources and effective administration.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 109
Optimum utilisation of resources emphasise that resources should give maxi-mum benefit with minimum cost, it also increase the effeciency of management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 110

3. Scientific decisions
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 111
Management principles helps in thoughtful decision making because they are based on logic rather than blind faith. Such decisions are free from bias and prejudice.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 112

4. Meeting changing environment requirements
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 113
Modern business environment is complex and ever changing. ln order to be successful, organisations have to adapt these changes. Principles are dynamic in nature.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 114

Answer 22.
It is satffing .Following are the importance of staffing

1. It helps in discovering and obtaining competent personnel for various jobs,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 115
2. Makes for higher performance, by putting right person on the right jobs.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 116
3. Ensures the continuous survival and growth of the enterprise through the succession planning for managers.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 117
4. It helps to ensures optimum utilisation of the human resources.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 118

5. Improves job satisfaction and morale of employees.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 120

Answer 23.
a. Informal Communication

b. Advantages of Informal Communication
1. Employees can develop friendly relationship
2. It is very flexible and faster than formal communication
3. Employees attitudes, reactions etc., to the plans and policies can be easily ascertained’.
4. It reduces tension in employer- employee relations.
5. It can be used in conveying certain information which cannot be passed through official channel.
6. Special efforts and expenses are not necessary for informal organisation.

Disadvantages of Informal organisation

1. It tends to carry inaccurate and distroyed information
2. It is unsystamatic and cannot be relied upon
3. It leads to leakage of confidential information
4. It often carries rumors and misunderstanding.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 121
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 122
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 123

Answer 24.
Business environment consists of factors that influnces many enterprises at the same time. These are called dimensions of business environment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 124

1. Economic environment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 125
The economic environment consist of the factors and forces concerning with means of production and distribution of wealth. It comprises of interest rate, rate of inflation, value of GDP, per capita inco me, tax rates, disposibie income, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 126

2. Social environment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 127
The social environment consists of all the social and cultural forces with in which business firms operate. It comprises of customs and traditions, values, social trends, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 128

3. Technological environment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 129
It refers to the change, taking place in the method of production and use of equipment to improve the quality of product.

In other words, we can say technological environment includes forces relating to scientific improvements and innovations, which provide new ways of producing goods and services and methods and technique of operating a business.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 130

4. Political environment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 131
The political environment consists of the forces concerning management of public affairs and their impact on business. It includes political conditions in the country and attitude of the government towards business and business policy.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 132

5. Legal environment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 133
Legal environment includes the Acts that have been passed by central parliament and state legislature. The laws related to business made by government are utmost importance
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 134

Answer 25.
Following are the importance of organisation.

1. Specialisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 135
Since the activities are divided and subdivided into convenient jobs, it encourages specialisation, increased efficiency and productivity.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 136

2. Clarity in working relationships
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 137
The establishment of working relation-ships clarifies lines of communication and specifies who is accountable to whom.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 138

3. Optimum utilisation of resources
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 139
It leads to proper usage of all materials, financial and human resources by proper assignment of jobs. Assignment of jobs to workers reduces duplication of work, prevents confusion, minimise wastage and allows the best possible use of resources.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 140

4. Adaption to change
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 141
It facilitates modification in organisational structural and revision of inter relationships among people in order to adapt to environmental changes.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 142

5. Effective Administration
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 143
It gives a clear description of duties and responsibilities of each individual. This helps to avoid confusion regarding work and avoids duplication of activities. Thus, it helps in bringing efficiency in administration.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 144
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 145

6. Development of personnel
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 146
It stimulates creativity among st the managers. Effective delegation allows the managers to reduce their workload by as-signing routine jobs to their subordinates. Thus, it helps in the development of personnel.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 147

7. Expansion and growth
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 148
Organising helps in the growth and diversification of an enterprise by adding more job positions, departments had new lines of product.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 149

Answer 26.
a. Financial planning
b. Following are the objectives of financial planning .

1. To ensure availability of funds When ever required.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 150
This include a proper estimation of funds required for different purposes such as for the purchase of long-term asset or to meet day-to -day expenses of busies etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 151

2. To see that the firm does not raise resources unnecessarily
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 152
Excess funding is almost as bad as in adequate funding. Even if there is some surplus money, good financial planning would put in to the best possible use so that the financial resources are not left idle and don’t unnecessarily add the cost.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 153

Importance of financial planning.

1. It helps in forecasting what may happen in future under different business situation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 154
2. It helps in avoiding business shocks and surprises and helps the company in preparing for the future.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 155
3. It helps in coordinating various business function,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 156
4. Detailed plans of action prepared under financial planning reduce waste, duplication of efforts.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 157
5. It provide a investment and financing decisions on a continuous basis.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 158

Answer 27.
a. Unity of Direction
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 159
It implies that there should be one head and one plan for a group of activities having the same objective.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 160

Henry fayols principles of management

1. Division of Work
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 161
Work is divided into small tasks and assigned to trained specialists, then it will help in taking the advantage of specialisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 162

2. Authority and Responsibility
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 163
Authority means the right to give orders and obtain obedience. On the other hand, responsibility means obligation to complete the asigned task on time. There must be a balance between authority and responsibility
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 164

3. Discipline
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 165
It is the sincerity and obedience towards organisational rules and regulations, as these are necessary for smooth functioning of an organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 166

4. Remuneration of Employees
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 167
According to Fayol, the quantum and methods of remunertion payable to employees should be fair and resonable lt should be satisfactory to both employees and employers.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 168

Answer 28.
NSE provides countrywide screen based and online trading facilities to investors. There is no trading ring and members buy and sell securities through their computer terminals which are linked with the central computer at the NSE.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 169
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 170

The NSE provides trading in the following two segments
1. Wholesale debt market
2. Capital market segments

Whole sale debt market
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 171

This segments provides a trading platform for a wide range of fixed income securities that include central government securities, treasury bill, state development loans, bonds issued by public sector undertaking, floting rate, zero coupons, commercial paper, certificate of deposit, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 172

Capital market segments
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 173
Market segment of NSE provides an efficient and transparent platform for trading in equity, preference, deb entures, exchange, funds as well as retail government securities.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 174

Answer 29.
No lam not agreed this statement. Following are the rights of consumer.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 175

The Consumer Protection Act provides for six rights of consume’rs they are :-

1. Right to safety
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 176
The consumer has a right to be protected against goods and services which are hazardous to life and health.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 177

2. Flight to be informed
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 178
The consumers has a right to have complete information about the product he intends to buy including its ingredients, date of manufacture, price, quantity, directions for use etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 179

3. Right to choose
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 180
The consumer has the freedom to choose from a variety of products at competitive prices.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 181

4. Right to heard
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 182
The consumer has a right to file a complaint and to be heard in case of dissatisfaction with a goods or a service.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 183

5. Right to seek Redressal
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 184
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 185
The consumer has a right to get relief in case the product or services falls short of his expectations.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 186

6. Right to consumer education
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 187
The consumer has a right to acquire knowledge and to be a well informed consumer throughout the life.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 188

Answer 30.
According to Koontz and O’Donnell” Managerial control implies the measurement of accomplishment against the standard and the correction of devia¬tions to assure attainment of objectives according to plans”.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 189

TECHNIQUES OF MANAGERIAL CONTROL
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 190

The various technique of managerial control may be classified into two broad categories: Traditional techniques and Modern techniques.

TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUES
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 191

Traditional techniques include :

1. Personal observation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 192
In this method managers observe the working time of an employee. It creates a psychological pressure on the employees. It is a very time consuming exercise
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 193

2. Statistical reports
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 194
The organisation uses various statistical techniques for standardising the performance.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 195

3. Breaken even analysis
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 196
Breakeven point is a point when there is no profit no loss. It is technique used by managers to study the relationship between costs, volume, and profits.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 197

4. Budgetory control
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 198
It is a technique of managerial control in which all operations are planned in advance in the form of budgets and actual re suits are compared with budgetory standards.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 199

MODERN TECHNIQUES
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 200

It includes the following

1. Return on investment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 201
It is used for measuring whether or not invested capital has been used effectively for generating reasonable amount of return,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 202

2. Ratio analysis
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It refers to analysis of financial statements through computation of ratio,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 203

3. Responsibity accounting
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 204
It is system of accounting in which different sections, divisions, and departments of an organisation are setup as responsibility centres. Responsibilty centres are cost centre, Revenue centre, investment centre.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 205

4. Mangement
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 206
Management audit refers to systematic appraisal of the overall performance of the management of an organisation,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 207

5. PERT and CPM
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 208
PERT (Programme Evaluation and Review Technique) and CPM (Critical Path Method) are important network techniques useful in planning and controlling.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 209
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 210

6. Management Information System(MIS)
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 211
MIS is a computer based information system that provides information and support for effective managerial decision-making.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 212

Answer 31.
Role of public relations

The role of public relations can be dis-cussed with respect to functions per-formed by public relations department. These functions are.

1.Smooth Functioning of business As quoated in defintion by public association relation.lt helps in analysing trends, predicting their consequences, counseling organisational leaders and implementing planned programme of action, and thus help in smooth func-tioning of business and achievement of objectives.

2. Building corporate image and brand equity

Public relations covers a wide range of tactics,tools and programmes to pro-mote and protect company image and products lt uses the tools to build corporate image which ultimately affects favourally on its products.lt pursues for this purpose-up keep of parks, gardens, sponsoring sports events,etc.

3. Launching New products
The good image promotion itself lends credibility to new launches of the organisations

4. Press Relations
The public relations department is in contact with the media to present true facts and a correct picture about the company, otherwise, news can get distroyed if it is taken from other source.

5. Corporate Communication
The Publicrelations department pro¬motes the image of the company by communicating with the public and the employees of the organisation.

6. Lobbying
The public relations department is liable to maintain healthy relationships with government officials,ministers of industry finance,associations of commerce and industry,etc.At the same time, they have to be proactive in promoting or defeating regulations that affect them.

7. Counseling
The public relations department ad¬vises the management on general , issues that affect the general public and the good will of the company. Factors such as environment,wildlife,social issues,education,etc.help in promoting public relations and creating good will of the company in the market.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 213
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 214
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 215

Answer 32.
a. Planning

b. 1. Setting Objectives
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 216
Every organisation operates to achieve certain objectives. Objectives specify what the organisation wants to achieve. Therefore, the first step in planning is to define and describe clearly the objectives of the organisation and each departments or unit within the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 217

2. Developing premises
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 218
The manager is required to make certain assumptions about future. These assumptions are known as premises. Premises are the base, upon which plans are drawn. They may be forecasts, existing plans or past information.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 219

3. Identifying Alternative course of action.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 220
Once the objectives and planning ‘ premises are established, it becomes necessary to discover the various course of action, which may be used to achieve the established objectives.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 221

4. Evaluating Alternative course
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 222
The next step is to weigh the pros and cons of the alternative. It is necessary to evaluate the positive and negative aspect of each alternative in the light of the objectives to be achieved.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 223
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 224

5. Selecting an alterative
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 225
This is the real point of decision making. The best plan has to adopted and implemented. An ideal plan would be one which most profitable feasible and has the least negative consequences.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 226

6. Implementing the plan
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 227
This step is to concerned with putting the plan into action and doing what is required. The managers start communicating the plans to employees and initiate them to carry out the activities according to the specifications of plans.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 228

7. Follow-up action
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 229
Planning is a continuous process, so the manager keep on following, up the plans to see that activities are performed as per the shedule or not.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 3 230

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Paper 2

by

Kerala Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Paper 2

Time : 2 1/2 Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes
Maximum : 80 Score

General Instructions to Candidates :

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2 hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2017 1

QUESTIONS

Answer the following questions from 1 to 7. Each carries 1 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 1

Question 1.
Which of the following is NOT a principle of management given by Taylor?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 2
a. Science, not rule of the Thumb
b. Functional foremanship
c. Maximum not restricted output
d. Harmony not discard
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 3

Question 2.
Which among the following is not an elment of co ordination.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 4
a. Integration
b. Balancing
c. proper timing
d. Directing
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 5

Question 3.
A network of social relationship that arise spontaneously due to interaction at work is called :
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 6
a. Formal organisation
b. Informal organisation
c. Decentralisation
d. Delegation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 7

Question 4.
Complete the diagram
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 8
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 9

Question 5.
‘It is the right to give orders and the power to exact obedience.’ This is called
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 10
a. Responsibility
b. Accountability
c. Authority
d. Parity
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 11

Question 6.
Identify the odd one among the incentives obtained by a managers from his company?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 12
a. Bonus
b. Medical reimbursement
c. Commision
d. Participative decision making
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 13

Question 7.
Face to face contact between the employer and candidate is called?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 14

Answer any 7 questions from 8 to 15. Each carries score 2
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 15

Question 8.
State two points that highlight the importance of organising.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 16

Question 9.
Define management?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 17

Question 10.
It is deciding in advance, what to do it when to do it and who is to do it. it bridges the gap from where we are to where we want to go. it makes possible for things to occur which could not other-wise happen.
a. Identify this function.
b. Explain two features of this function
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 18

Question 11.
Mr. Satheesh, a newly appointed personnel manager of the view that their is no need for training the workers but the trade unions and management strongly disagree to the views expressed by Mr. Satheesh whom do you favour? Give reasons in support of your answer?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 19

Question 12.
What are the elements of directing?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 20

Question 13.
Explain the advantages of branding to marketers of goods and services.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 21

Question 14.
Product is a bundle of utilities? Do you agree? Comment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 22

Question 15.
Mrs. Sudha purchased some curry powder from a provision store. But she found that the curry powder is mixed with some other elements which are harmful to health. She complained about the product to the shop owner. But he did not accept the claim. In this situation where Mrs. Sudha can file a com¬plaint? Can you help her?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 23
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 24

Answer any 4 questions from 16 to 20 Each carries 3 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 25

Question 16.
“Business is an organisation like human body” Do you agree with this comment?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 26

Question 17.
Explain the redressal mechanism avail-able to consumers under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 27

Question 18.
Explain the functions of entrepreneur-ship in relation to economic development
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 28

Question 19.
Explain any four points regarding significance of Principles of management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 29

Question 20.
If we follow the principles of scalar chain strictly, there is a possibility of unnecessary delay in the communication and execution of task. Business problems need immediate solution,so we can not always depend on the established scalar chain.

What is the alternative proposed by HenryFayol to overcome this issue?explain.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 30
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 31

Answer any 4 questions from 21 to 25 Each carries 4 score
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 32

Question 21.
’’It is an orderly arrangement of group efforts to products unity of action in the pursuit of a common purpose” in the light of this satatement.
a. Explain this function.
b. State the importance of this function
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 33

Question 22.
Expain briefly the importance of staffing.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 34

Question 23.
“Training and development are inter-related. Explain this statement.”
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 35

Question 24.
Briefly explain the elements of communication.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 36

Question 25.
’Money is spent on advertising is not wasteful, but an investment’ Do you agree with this view ? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 37
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 38

Answer any 3 questions from 26 to 29. (Each carries 5 score).
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 39

Question 26.
What is marketing ? What functions does it perform in the process of exchange of goods and services? Explain.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 40

Question 27.
” It is the ability of a manager to include subordinates to work with confidence and zeal.”
a. Identify this function.
b. Explain it’s importance.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 41

Question 28.
Goka Crackers Ltd, fire cracker manufacturing company,launched some new products on the eve of Diwali which : attracted many customers. To meet the increased demand, the company employed children from nearby villages and in the urgency of work, they ignored to specify safety warnings on packets of crackers.
i. Identify which consumer right is being ignored.
ii. Identify any two values which were violated by the company. Also explain the importance of consumer protection from the point view of business.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 42
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 43

Question 29.
Define money market what are the important money market instruments.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 44

Answer any 2 questions from 30 to 32 Each carries 8 score.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 45

Question 30.
Explain fayols principles of management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 46

Question 31.
’’To train means to impart information or skill through instruction or drill.”In the light of above statement explain methods of trainning.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 47

Question 32.
Explain the importance of controlling in an organisation.What are the problems faced by the organisation in implementing an effective control system?
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 48

ANSWERS

Answer 1.
b. Functional foremanship
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 49

Answer 2.
d. Directing
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 50

Answer 3.
b. Informal organisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 51

Answer 4.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 52

Answer 5.
c. Authority
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 53

Answer 6.
d. Participative decision making
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 54

Answer 7.
Interview
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 55

Answer 8.
1. Specialisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 56
Since the activities are divided and sub-divided into convenient jobs, it encourages specialisation, increased efficiency and productivity.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 57

2. Clarity in working relationships
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 58
The establishment of working relation ships clarifies lines of communication and specifies who is accountable to whom.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 59

Answer 9.
According to Mary Parker Follet “Management is the art of getting things done through other people”.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 60

Answer 10.
a. Planning
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 61
b. 1.Planning focuses on achieving objectives
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 62
Every organisation has a set of goals to be achieved. Planning involves setting goals and determining the most economical and viable course of action to achieve the predetermined goals.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 63

2. Planning is a primary function of management
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 64

It lays down the base for all other functions of management. All other managerial functions are performed within the framework of the plans drawn.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 65

Answer 11.
The views expressed by Mr. Satheesh is wrong and favour. Training helps to increase the employees efficiency and productivity. Less supervision, less wastage of training.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 66

Answer 12.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 67

Answer 13.
1. Enables marking product differentiation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 68
2. Helps in advertising
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 69
3. Differential pricing
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 70
4. Ease introduction in new product.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 71

Answer 14.
Yes, A product is anything that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption; it includes physical objects,services, personalities, place, organisation and ideas.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 72

Answer 15.
Here in this case Mrs. Sudha can approach district forum to compliant about the product, because the value of the product is less than Rs. 20 lakhs. District forums generally receive complaints where the value of the goods or services and the compensation claimed is less than Rs. 20 lakhs.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 73

Answer 16.
The above statement is definitely correct. Business organisation are like a human body. Biologists consider the human as an organisation, because all organs are knit together for the smooth functioning of human body. In the case of business, top executives consider organisation as the process of bringing together physical, financial,and human resources in the best possible manner so as to achieve the goals.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 74
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 75

Answer 17.
For the redressal of consumer grievances, the consumer protection Act provides for setting up of a three tier en forcement machinery at the District level, State level, and the National levels.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 76

REDRESAL AGENCIES
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 77

1. District Forum
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 78
The District Forum consists of a President and two other members, one of whom should be a woman. They all are appointed by the State Government concerned. A complaint can be made to the appropriate District Forum when the value of goods or services in questions, along with the compensation claimed, does not exceed Rs.20 lakhs.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 79

2. State Commission
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 80
Each state Commission consists of a President and not less than two other members, one of whom should be a woman. They are appointed by the State Commission when the value of the goods or services in question, along with the compensation claimed, exceed Rs. 20 lakhs but does not exceed Rs. 1 crore.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 81
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 82

3. National Commission
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 83
The National Commission consists of a President and at least four other members, one of whom should be a woman. They are appointed by the Central Government. A complaint can to be made to the National Commission when the value of the goods or services in question, along with the compensation claimed, exceed Rs. 1 crore.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 84

Answer 18.
1. Contribution to GDP
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 85
Increase in the Gross Domestic Product or GDP is the most common definition of economic development. Entrepreneurs generate income via organisation of production be it agriculture, manufacturing or services.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 86

2. Capital formation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 87
To integrate the capital of others into entrepreneurial capital is known as capital formation. The entrepreneurial decision, in effect, is an investment decision that augments the productive capacity of the economy and hence, results in capital formation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 88

3. Generation of Employment
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 89
Every new business is a sources of employment to people with different abilities, skills and qualifications. Thus the entrepreneurship provides employment opportunities this will leads to economic development.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 90

4. Generation of business opportunities for others,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 91
Every new business creates opportunities for the suppliers of inputs and the marketers of the output.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 92

5. Improvement in economic efficiency
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 93
Efficiency means to have greater output from the same input. Entrepreneurs imp¬rove economic efficiency by providing,reducing wastes, increasing yield, and bringing about technical progress etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 94
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 95

6. Increase the spectrum and scope of economic activities
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 96
Development does not merely mean ‘ more’ and ‘better’ of the existing, it also and more crucially means diversification of economic activities across the geographic, sectrol, and technological scope.

Entrepreneurs lead the process of economic development via bringing about sectoral change.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 97

Answer 19.
Significance of management
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 98

1. Providing managers with useful insights into reality
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 99
Principles help managers to improve their knowledge and understanding of managerial situations.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 100

2. Optimum Utilisation of resources and effective administration.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 101
Optimumutilisation of resource sem-phasise that resources should give maximum benefit with minimum cost, it also increase the efficiency of management.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 102

3. Scientific decisions
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 103
Management principles helps in thoughtful decision making because they are. based on logic rather than blind faith. Such decisions are free from bias and prejudice.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 104

4. Meeting changing environment requirements
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 105
Modern business environment is complex and ever changing. In order to be successful, organisations have to adapt these changes. Principles are dynamic in nature.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 106

Answer 20.
The main drawback of the scalar chain is that a good portion of time is required for the communication to reach the destination. There is a possibility of distrution of message in the course of transmission. In order to overcome this difficulty. Fayol proposed an alternative i.e., creation of “gang plank”. It means the short circuit in the chain for quick communication. Under the system of gang plank the person of same rank may communicate to each other.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 107
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 108

Answer 21.
a. Co-ordination as a function of Management refers to the process of integrating the activities of different units of an organisation to achieve the organisational goals.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 109
As organisations grown in size, the number of people employed by the organisation also increases. For organisational efficiency, it is important to harmonise individual goals and organisational goals through coordination.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 110

2. Function differentiation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 111
Functions of an organisation are divided into departments divisions and sections all these departments may have their own objectives polices and their own style of working the process of linking the activities of various departments is accomplished by co-ordination
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 112
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 113

3. Specialisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 114
Specialisation is inevitable because of the completies of modern technology and diversity of task to be performed. So there requires some mechanism to co-ordinate the efforts of various specialists in an organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 115

Answer 22.
According to Koontzand O’Donnell” The managerial function of staffing involves manning the organisational structure through proper and effective selection, appraisal and development of personnel to fill the roles designed into the structure”.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 116

IMPORTANCE OF STAFFING
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 117
1. It helps in discovering and obtaining competent personnel for various jobs.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 118
2. Makes for higher performance, by putting right person on the right jobs.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 119
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 120
3. Ensures the continuous survival and growth of the enterprise through the succession planning for managers.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 121
4. It helps to ensures optimum utilisation of the human resources.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 122
5. Improves job satisfaction and morale of employees.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 123

Answer 23.
Training and development
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 124
To train means to impart information or skill through instruction or drill. Train¬ing is an organised activity for increasing the knowledge and skills of people for a definite purpose.

Development involves growth of an employee in all respects. It is a process by which employees acquire skills and knowledge to perform their present jobs and increase their capabilities for accepting higher position in future.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 125

Answer 24.
According to Newman &Summer”Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons”.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 126

ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 127

1. Sender
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 128
The process of communication begins when one person called the sender or communicator conveys a message or an idea to another person is called the receiver.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 129

2. Message
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 130
It is the subject matter of communication. It may consist of facts, information, ideas, opinion etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 131

3. Encoding
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 132
In order to make the receiver under-stand the message, the sender translates the message into words, symbols, or some other form. It is known as en-coding the message.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 133
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 134

4. Channel
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 135
It is the medium or path through which the encoded message is transmitted to the receiver. The channel may be a writ¬ten form, face to face, phone call, internet etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 136

5. Receiver
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 137
The person who receives the message is called the receiver or communicate. The receiver may be a listener, a reader or observer.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 138

6. Decoding
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 139
It is the process of converting encoded symbols of the sender.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 140

7. Feedback
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 141
The receiver sends his response to the sender of the message. This response is known as feedback.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 142

8. Noise
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 143
It means an obstruction or hindrance in the communication process.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 144

Answer 25.
I agreed this statement because of advertising is Any paid form of non personal presentation or promotion of ideas, goods or services by an identified sponsor.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 145
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 146

ADVANTAGES OF ADVERTISING
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 147

1. It educate the masses about the various uses of goods and also the methods of use.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 148

2. It provide the consumer full information about the products like use, quality, price, source of supply, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 149

3. It helps to appeal directly to the consumers and to eliminate middlemen.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 150

4. It creates demand for new products
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 151

5. It raises the standard of living of the people.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 152

6. It increase employment opportunity.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 153

Answer 26.
The marketing concept
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 154

Marketing orientation implies that focus on satisfaction of customer’s need is the key to the success of any organisation in the market.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 155

Functions of marketing
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 156

1. Gathering and anlaysing market information
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 157

One of the important functions of a marketer is to gather and analyse market information. This is necessary to identify the needs of the customers and take various decisions for the successful marketing of the products and services.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 158

2. Market planning
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 159
Another important activity or area of work of a marketer is to develop appropriate marketing plans so that the marketing objectives of the organisation can be achieved.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 160

3. Product Designing and development
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 161
Another important marketing activity or decision area relates to product designing and development. The design of the product contributes to making the product attractive to the target customers. A good design can improve performance of a product and also give it a competitive advantage in the market.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 162
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 163

4. Standardization and Grading
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 164
Standardizing refers to producing goods to predetermined specifications. Which help in achieving uniformity and consistency in the output.

Grading is the process of classification i of products into different groups, on the basis of some of its important characteristics such as quality, size, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 165

5. Packaging and labelling
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 166
Packaging may be defined as the function of designing and producing the package for a product. A package is a container or a wrapper or a box in which a product is enclosed or sealed. It is absolutely necessary to provide protective packing to the goods so that they may not get damaged in transit.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 167

Labelling means putting identification mark on the package. A label contains details regarding the product and then manufacturer. It also give information about brand and grade of the product.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 168
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 169

6. BRANDING
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 170
Brand names helps in creating product differentiation i.e., providing basis for dis tinguishing the product of a firm with that of the competitor.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 171

7. Customer support services
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 172
Avery important function of the marketing management relates to developing customer support services such as after sales services, handling customer complaints and adjustments. All these services aims at providing maximum satisfaction to the customers, which is the key to marketing success in modern days.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 173

8. Pricing of product
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 174
Price of product refers to the amount of money customers have to pay to obtain a product. Prices is an important factor affecting the success or failure of a product in the market.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 175

9. Promotion
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 176
Promotion of products and services involves informing the customers about the firm’s product, its features, etc, and persuading them to buy the products.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 177

10. Physical distribution
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 178
In physical distribution include two decisions there are
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 179
(i) Decision regarding channels of distribution
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 180
(ii) Physical movement of the product from where it is produced to a place where it is required by the customers for their consumption or use.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 181

11.
Transportation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 182
Transportation involves physical movement of goods from one place to the other.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 183

12.
Storage and Warehousing
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 184
It is the process of holding and preserving goods between the time of their production and the time of sale. Usually, there will be a time gap between the production and consumption of goods. Thus there is the need for storage so as to make them available to buyers on demand.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 185
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 186

Answer 27.
LEADERSHIP
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 187
According to Koontz and O’Donnell “Leadership is the ability of a manager to induce subordinates to work with confidence and zeal”.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 188

IMPORTANCE OF LEADERSHIP
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 189

1. Influence the behaviour of people
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 190
A good leader influence the behaviour of people and contributes their energies for the benefits of the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 191

2. Provide confidence
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 192
A leader maintains personal relations and helps his followers in fulfilling their needs.He provides confidence, support and encouragement to his followers.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 193

3. Introduces changes
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 194
Leaders plays a key role in introducing required changes in the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 195

4. Handles conflicts
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 196
A good leader helps in solving the conflicts among the employees.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 197

5. Provide training
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 198
Leaders make training to their subordinate, in order to make them efficient and to facilitate a smooth succession process.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 199

Answer 28.
i. Right to be informed is being ignored by the company. A consumer has the right to get true and complete information about the quality, quantity price,contents,safety warning signals of the product which he intends to buy.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 200
ii. Following values were violated by the company :
a. By providing employment to children, it violates human values.
b. By avoidance of necessary information on packers,it may harm the life of several innocent people.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 201
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 202

Following are the importance of consumer protection from the point view of business.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 203

1. Long-term interest of business
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 204
2. Business uses society’s resources
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 205
3. Social responsibility
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 206
4. Moral justification
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 207
5. Government Intervention
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 208

Answer 29.
MONEY MARKET
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 209
“Moneys market is the collective name given to the various firms and institutions that deal in the various grades of near money “
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 210

The important money market instrument are as follows :-
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 211

are short term credit instruments for a period ranging from 14 to 364 days. Such instruments are sold to banks and to the public. Treasury bills are negotiable instruments and hence they are freely transferable.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 212

2. Commercial paper
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 287
It is an unsecured promissory note with a fixed maturity period ranging from 3 to 12 months. This instruments is issued by corporate entities.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 213

3. Call money
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 214
Money which can be called back within qi short time period, say, one day, is known as call money. The market deals in one day loans is called call money market.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 215

4. Certificates of deposits
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 216
This is a time deposit issued by bank against the deposits kept of companies and institutions. The time period ranges from 91 days to 1 year. Only banks can issue such a certificate.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 217

5. Commercial
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 218
It is a bill of exchange used by business firms to meet their working capital requirement.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 219

Answer 30.
FAYOL’S PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 220
Hentry Fayol is popularly known as the father of modern management. Fayol concentrated management at top level.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 221

1. Division of Work
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 222
Work is divided into small tasks and assigned to trained specialists, then it will help in taking the advantage of specialisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 223

2. Authority and Responsibility
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 224
Authority means the right to give orders and obtain obedience. On the other hand, responsibility meansobligation to complete the assigned task on time. There must be a balance between authority and responsibility.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 225

3. DisCipline
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 226
It is the sincerity and obedience towards organisational rules and regulations, as these are necessary for smooth functioning of an organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 227

4. Unity of Command
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 228
The principle unity of command states that each participant in a formal organisation should receive orders and is answerable to only one superior.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 229

5. Unity of Direction
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 230
It implies that there should be one head and one plan for a group of activities having the same objective.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 231

6. Subordination of individual interest to general interest
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 232
The interest of an organisation is to achieve its goals.These goals are achieve dafterinteg rating the efforts of different individuals who are working in the organisation to satisfy their own personal needs.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 233

7. Remuneration of Employees
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 234
According to Fayol, the quantum and methods of remuneration payable to employees should be fair and reson-able. It should be satisfactory to both employees and employers.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 235

8. Centralisation and Decenralisation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 236
The concentration of decision making authority is called centralisation where as its dispersal among more than one person is known as dcentralisation. According to Fayol, an organisation should strive to achieve a proper balance between centralisation and de-centralisation according to size of organisation, ability of superiors, ability of subordinate, etc.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 237

9. Scalar chain
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 238
According to Fayol, scalarchain refers to the chain of authority and communication that runs from top to bottom and should be followed by managers and their subordinates
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 239

10. Order
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 240
As per this principles, should be an orderly arrangement of men and material which implies that there is a fixed place for everything and everyone in the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 241

11. Equity
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 242
Equity means justice and kindliness. The principle suggest that a fair and just treatment is assured to people in similar positions.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 243

12. Stability of personnel
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 244
Fayol emphasised that managers and workers should not be shifted from their position frequently. A person need time to adjust himself to new work environment.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 245

13. lnitiative
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 246
Initiative implies the power of thinking out and executing a pian. Employees at all levels should be given opportunities to take initiative in work related matters.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 247

14. Espirit de corps
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 248
The term espirit de crops means of loyality and devotion to the group which one belongs. The principle implies that there should b§ co-operation and team spirit
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 249

Answer 31.
METHODS OF TRAINING
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 250

Training methods are categorized into two :
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 251
1. On-the-job methods
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 252
2. Off-the-job methods
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 253

1. On-the-job methods
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 254
It refers to those methods that are ap-plied to the work place, while the employee is actually working. The concept underlying on-the-job methods is ‘learning while doing’. Some important on- the job methods of training are :-
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 255

(i) Apprenticeship programmes
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 256
Apprenticeship programmes put the trainee under the guidance of a master worker.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 257

(ii) Coaching
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 258
In this method, the superiors guide and instruct the trainee as a coach. The coach counsels or suggest how to achieve goals, periodically reviews the trainees progress and suggest changes required in behaviour and performance.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 259

(iii) Internship training
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 260
It is a joint programme of training, in which educational institutions and business firms co-operates in order to impart training to selected candidates.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 261

(iv) Job rotation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 262
It involves shifting of employees from one job to another, or one department to another, or one shift to another. This helps the employee to learn varied skills to do a variety of jobs.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 263

2. Off-the-job methods
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 264
Off-the-job methods are used away from he work place. It means learning before doing’.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 265

(i) Classroom lectures/conferences
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 266
The lecture or conference approach is well adapted to convey specific information, rules, procedures or methods.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 267

(ii) Films
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 268
To provide training using films as visual effects.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 269

(iii) Computer modeling
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 270
It stimulates the work environment by programming a computer to imitate some of the reality of the job and allows to take experience of real life situations, without incurring high risk or cost.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 271

(iv) Case study
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 272
Taken from actual experiences of organisations, cases represent attempts to describe, as accurately as possible real problems that managers have faced. Trainees study the cases to determine problems, analyse causes, develop alter-native solutions, select what they believe to be the best solution, and impliment it.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 273
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 288

Answer 32.
1. Accomplishing organisational goals
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 274
It measures progress towards the organisational goals and find out deviations. In the absence of control system, activities may not be carried out according to the plans.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 275

2. Judging accuracy of standards
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 276
Through an effective control system. Managers can easily judge the accuracy of standards. It also keeps a careful check on the changes taking place in the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 277

3. Making efficient use of resources
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 278
By exercising control, a manager seeks to reduce wastage and spoil age of resources,
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 279

4. Improving employees motivation
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 280
It hepls employees in realizing what they are expected to do and what are the standards of performance.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 281

Limitations of controlling

1. Difficulty in setting quantitative standards
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 287

Control system is effective when standards are defined in quantitative terms. But in some case, like employee morale, job satisfaction, etc, It is not possible to set quantitative standards.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 282

2. Little control on external factors
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 283
There are certain external factors like change in government policies, technological changes, competition, etc. Which are beyond the control of the organisation.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 284

3. Resistence to change
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 285
Employees often resist control as they consider it as restriction on their freedom.
Plus Two Business Studies Model Question Papers Paper 2 286

Plus Two Business Studies Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Economics Model Question Paper 4

by

Kerala Plus Two Economics Model Question Paper 4

Time: 2½ Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates:

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2½ hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Physics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2018

Answer all questions from 1 to Qno 14
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 1.

Question 1.
Imposition of the price ceiling below the equilibrium price leads to
a. Excess demand
b. Excess supply
c. Deficit demand
d. Deficit supply
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 1

Question 2.
GDP deflater refers to
a. The ratio of real to nominal GDP
b. The ratio of nominal to real GDP
c. The ratio of nominal NI to real GDP
d. The ratio of nominal GDP to nominal GNP
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 2

Question 3.
Which type of market have full control over price?
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 3
i. Perfect competition
ii. Monopolistic competition
iii. Monopoly
iv. Oligopoly
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 3.1

Question 4.
Given below is the average cost curve of a firm. Draw a marginal cost curve showing the relationship between AC and MC.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 4

Question 5.
Keyne’s book “General Theory of Employment,interest and money” was published in
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 5
(i) 1926
(ii) 1936
(iii) 1946
(iv) 1956

Question 6.
The value of the nominal GDP of India was Rs.2,800 crores during the year 2011 The value of GDP of the country during the same year evaluated at the price of some base year was Rs. 3,200 crores. Find the value of GDP deflater of the year in percentage terms.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 6

Question 7.
In an economy, investment increases by 500 crores. If MPC is 0.5, what is the increase in total income?
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 7

Question 8.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 8
Draw the diagram correctly.
(AFC-Average Fixed Cost)
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 8.1

Question 9.
Complete the equations.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 9
a. GDP + ___= GNP
b. GNP – Depreciation =_____

Question 10.
Classify the following under the heads micro and macro economics.
a. Govt, regulations on auto emissions
b. Price elasticity of refrigerators
c. A family’s decision about how much in come to save
d. The impact of higher National savings on Economic growth
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 10
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 10.1

Question 11.
Differentiate the terms short run and long run.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 11

Question 12.
The price of a commodity goes up from Rs. 5 to 6 as a result of which demand falls from 8 units to 6 units. Calculate price elasticity of demand.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 12

Question 13.
The demand curve faced by a firm under monopolistic competition is negatively sloped. Explain.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 13

Question 14.
From the Budget line shown below, find the price of good X2 given that the price of X1 good is Rs 30. The equation on the Budget line is given as P1X1+P2X2 1000.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 14

Answer any 6 questions from Qno. 15 to 21. Each question carry 3 score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 14.

Question 15.
Consider the following figures
Why point E in the figure is considered as consumer’s optimum? justify your answer.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 15

Question 16.
From the table identify the different levels of TP which makes the different phases of the operation of the law of variable proportions.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 16

Question 17.
Match the columns ‘B’ and ‘C’ with ‘A’.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 17

Question 18.
Following information about a firm is given below.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 18
From the given information, estimate
a. Total Fixed Cost (TFC)
b. Total Variable Cost (TVC)
c. Average Cost (AC)
d. Marginal Cost (MC)
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 18.1

Question 19.
Observe the following figures and answer the questions.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 19
i Point out the elasticities on the above supply curves.
ii. Which method is applied here.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 19.1

Question 20.
The average revenue curve of two market situation are given below:
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 20
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 20.1
a. State the market situation corresponding to AR curves.
b. Give reasons for the different shapes.
c. Draw MR curves corresponding to AR curves.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 20.2

Question 21.
A consumer wants to consume two goods. The prices of two goods are Rs. 4 and Rs. 5 respectively. The consumer’s income is Rs. 20.
a. Write down the equation of the budget line.
b. How much of good 1 can the consumer consume if he spends his entire income on the good ?
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 21

Answer any 4 questions from Qno. 22 to 27. Each question carry 5 score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 21.

Question 22.
The following diagram shows the equilibrium price of wheat determined by the supply curve ‘SS’ and market demand curve ‘DD’. With the help of the diagram answer the questions given below.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22
a. If the Government imposes price ceiling on wheat, what happens to the demand for wheat?
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22.1
b. Define price ceiling
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22.2
c. Write down two adverse impacts of price ceiling on the consumers.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22.3

Question 23.
Define value added method. A farmer produces 5 Quinta of wheat, out of which he sells 3 Quinta to a flour mill and 1.5 Quinta to consumers at the rate of Rs. 1000/- per Quinta. He retains the balance of 0.5 quinta for self-consumption. For wheat cultivation he spends Rs. 2000/on account of purchasing seeds and fertilizers. Calculate value added by the farmer.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 23

Question 24.
The following table shows TFC and TVC of a firm. Find out TC, AFC, AVC, AC, and MC of the firm
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 24

Question 25.
Suppose the Central Govt, sanctioned Rs. 2crore each to 5 states for making additional investments. The MPC of these 5 states are given below. Find multiplier effect.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 25

Question 26.
‘Increase in MPS leads to decrease in saving ’. Do you agree with this statement. Comment.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 26

Question 27.
Borrowing – 10,000
Budget deficit – 40000
Revenue receipts – 50000
Interest payments – 5000
Revenue expenditure – 60000
On the basis of above facts calculate
a. Fiscal deficit
b. Revenue deficit
c. Primary deficit
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 27

Answer any 2 questions from Qno. 28 to 30. Each question carry 8 score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 27.

Question 28.
In India RBI has developed alternative measures of money supply and figures are published accordingly.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 28
a. Prepare a chart showing the alternative measures of money supply in India.
b. Categories them into ‘narrow money ’ and ‘broad money’.
c. Also identify the ‘most’ and ‘least’ liquid forms of money.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 28.1

Question 29.
Given the diagram
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 29
(a) Identify:
(i) AB
(ii) Point E
(b) Elaborate the properties of indifference curve.
(c) Point ‘C’ is not the equilibrium point of the consumer, do you agree? Explain.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 29.1
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 29.2

Question 30.
The economic principle of exchange rate determination are different in different systems. Write in how the exchange rate is determined under:
a. Flexible exchange rate system
b. Fixed exchange rate system
c. Managed floating exchange rate system.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 30

Answers

Answer 1.
a. Excess demand
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 1

Answer 2.
The ratio of nominal to real GDP

Answer 3.
iii. Monopoly
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 3

Answer 4.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 4

Answer 5.
ii. 1936

Answer 6.
The ratio of nominal GDP to real GDP is known as GDP deflator
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 6

Answer 7.
Multiplier (K) = 1/1 – MPC
That is K = 1/1 – 0.5
K = 1/0.5
K = 2
Increase in total income = K x increase in investment = 2 x 500 crores = 1000 crores

Answer 8.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 8

Answer 9.
a. Net Income From Abroad
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 9
b. NNP
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 9.1

Answer 10.
a & d Macro economics ; b & c Micro economics
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 10

Answer 11.
THE SHORT RUN AND THE LONG RUN.
In the short run, a firm cannot vary all the inputs. One of the factors – factor 1 or factor 2 – cannot be varied, and therefore, remain fixed in the short run. In order to vary the output level, the firm can very only the other factor. The factor that remains fixed is called the fixed input whereas the other factor which the firm can vary is called the variable input. In the long run, all factors of production can be varied. A firm in order to produce different levels of output in the long run may vary both the inputs simultaneously. So, in the long run, there is no fixed input. For any particular production process, long run generally refers to a longer time period than the short run. For different production : processes, the long run periods may be different. It is not advisable to define short run and long run in terms of say, days, months or years. We define a period as long run or short run simply by looking at whether all the inputs can be varied or not.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 11

Answer 12.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 12

Answer 13.
The monopolistically competitive firm could sell more of the commodity only by reducing the price. In case of monopolistic competition, the firm expects small increase in demand if it lowers the price. Hence the marginal revenue is slightly less than the average revenue.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 13

Answer 14.
The consumer’s budget set would consist of all bundles (x1, x2) such that x1 and x2 are any numbers greater than or equal to 0 and p1x1 + p2x2≤M.
All bundles in the positive quadrant which are on or below the line are included in the budget set. The equation of the line is p1x1 + p2x2 = M.

Answer 15.
Point E is considerd as consumer’s optimum. The optimum bundle of the consumer is located at the point where the budget line is tangent to one of the indifference curves, it is drawn below.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 15
Condition I : Budget line should be tangent to the indifference curve.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 15.1
Condition II : Slope of IC should be equal to slope of budget line.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 15.2

Answer 16.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 16

Answer 17.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 17

Answer 18.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 18

Answer 19.
i. S1 elastic supply
S2 Unitary elastic supply
S3 Inelastic supply
ii. Geometric method is applied here.

Answer 20.
a. Perfect competition, monopoly
b. Under perfect competition, firm is price taker
Therefore, AR = MR
Under monopoly, firm is price maker,
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 20

Answer 21.
a. The equation of the budget line is
P1x1 + P2x2 = M
Where P1 and P2 are prices of good 1 and good 2. x1 and x2 are quantities of goods and M is his money income
b. X1 = M/P1 = 20/4 = 5 units

Answer 22.
a. Price ceiling increases the demand for wheat. As supply becomes less, there will be shortage of wheat as shown in the diagram.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22.1
b. Price ceiling is a situation when the price charged is more than or less than the equilibrium price determined by market forces of demand and supply.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22.2
c. Price ceiling also reduce the quality of products as suppliers have less financial resources to reinvest in their business
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22.3
* Price ceiling will also encourage black markets to thrive in an economy. Shortage in the free market makes the consumer to look for commodities in the black market even though they are highly price.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 22.4

Answer 23.
Three real value added in the production process is called Gross value added.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 23
Gross value added = Value of output – Intermediate consumption
Gross value added = 5000 – 2000 = 3000

Answer 24.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 24

Answer 25.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 25

Answer 26.
It is usually accepted that an increase in MPs leads to a decrease in saving. This is because, if all the people of the economy increase the proportion of income they save, the total value of savings in the economy will not increase it will either decline or remain unchanged. This result is known as the ‘Paradox of shift’ which states that as people become more thrifty they end up saving less or same or more.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 26

Answer 27.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 27

Answer 28.
a. The total stock of money in circulation among the public at a particular point of time is called money supply. RBI publishes figures for four alternative measure’s of money supply, viz. M1, M2, M3 and M4. They are defined as follows.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 28
b. i. M1 and M2 are narrow money
ii. M3 and M4 are broad money
M1 and M2 are known as narrow money. M3 and M4 are known as broad money. These gradations are in decreasing order of liquidity. M1 is most liquid and easiest for transactions where as M4 is least liquid of all. M3 is the most commonly used measure of money supply, it is also known as aggregate monetary resources.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 28.1
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 28.2

Answer 29.
a. (i) Budget line or Budget constraint
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 29
(ii) Consumer’s Equilibrium
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 29.1
b. • Downward slopping
• Cover to the origin
• Two indifference curves never intersect
• Higher IC shows higher level of satisfaction
c. Yes. because any point on the budget line other than the point at which it touches the indifference curve lies on lower indifference curve and hence is inferior. Therefore such a point cannot be the consumer’s optimum bundle is located on the budget line at the point where the budget line is tangent to an indifference curve.

Answer 30.
a. A country’s exchange rate regime where its currency is set by the foreign – exchange market through supply and demand for that particular currency relative to other currencies. Thus, floating exchanges rates change freely and are determined by trading in the forex market. This is in contrast to a “fixed exchange rate” regime
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 30
b. Fixed Exchange Rate
A country’s exchange rate regime under which the government or central bank ties the official exchange rate to another country’s currency (or the price of gold). The purpose of fixed exchange rate system is to maintain a country’s currency value within a very narrow band. Also known as pegged exchange rate.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 30.1
In a fixed exchange – rate system, a country’s central bank typically uses an open market mechanism and is committed at all times to buy and/or sell Its currency at a fixed price in order to maintain its pegged ratio and, hence, the stable value of its currency in relation to the reference to which it is pegged,
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 4 30.2
c. Managed float regime is the current international financial environment in which exchange rates fluctuate from day to day, but central banks attempt to influence their countries exchange by buying and selling currencies. It is also known as a dirty float.
Managed float exchange rates are determined in the foreign exchange market. Authorities can and do intervene, but are not bound by any intervention rule. Often accompanied by a separate nominal anchor, such as inflation target. The arrangement provides a way to mix market determined creates with stabilizing intervention in a non – rule based system. Its potential drawbacks are that it doesn’t place hard constraints on monetary and fiscal policy. It suffers from uncertainty from reduced credibility, relying on the credibility to monetary authorities. It typically offers limited transparency.

Plus Two Hindi Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Economics Model Question Paper 3

by

Kerala Plus Two Economics Model Question Paper 3

Time: 2½ Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates:

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2½ hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Physics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2018

Answer all questions from 1 to Qno 14
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 1.

Question 1.
The consumer prefer the bundle which has more of at least one of the good and no less of the other good as compared to the other public, consumer preference is
a. Indifference Preference
b. Mono tonic preference
c. Both indifferent and monotonic preference
d. None of the above
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 1

Question 2.
Micro economics is also known as
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 2
a. Price theory
b. Demand theory
c. Income theory
d. Cost theory
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 2.1

Question 3.
When two commodities are complementary to one another
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 3
a. They may be jointly demanded
b. They may be complementary goods
c. They may be substitutes
d. None of the above

Question 4.
Observe the following figures and identify the market situations.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 4

Question 5.
Match the column B and C with column A.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 5
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 5.1

Question 6.
The average revenue curve of two market situations are given below.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 6
a. State the market situation corresponding to AR curves.
b. Give reasons for the different shapes.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 6.1

Question 7.
Show a circular flow in the following chart.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 7
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 7.1

Question 8.
Find the odd man out and justify your answer.
a. GDP, GNP, NNP, CSO
b. Doctor, Lawyers, Teachers, House wives.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 8

Question 9.
Classify the following items into tax revenue and non tax revenue.
Fees, Profession tax, Sales tax, Fines, Issue of currency, Income from public property, building tax, Escheats, Customs duty.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 9

Question 10.
State whether the following statements are true or false and justify your answer.
a. If MPC = 0.7 MPS will be 0.7.
b. The amount of consumption when income is zero is called negative consumption.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 10

Question 11.
How we can express real exchange rate.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 11

Question 12.
Fill in the missing cells
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 12

Question 13.
Complete the chart.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 13

Question 14.
Write down the three identities of calculating GDP of a country by the three methods.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 14

Answer any 6 questions from Qno. 15 to 21. Each question carry 3 score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 14.

Question 15.
Given below is a production possibility curve of an economy. Compare the point in the context of production possibilities of the economy.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 15

Question 16.
Match the following.
a. Rent-Capital
b. Interest – Land
c. Profit – Labor
d. Wage – Organizer
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 16

Question 17.
The following is a diagram drawn by a student of +2 class.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 17
a. Can you find any mistake in it ? If so redraw correctly.
b. Write any three relationship between AC and AVC.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 17.1

Question 18.
Suppose that the market demand in a perfectly competitive industry is given by,
Qd = 700 – 500P and the market supply function is given by, Qs = 4000 + 250P. Find the market equilibrium price.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 18

Question 19.
The price of goods which are used by us is determined by the forces of demand and supply. While the price of certain goods are controlled by the government. Do you agree with this? Elucidate your answer with example
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 19

Question 20.
Imagine that you are a monopolist, can you sell more of the commodity at a higher price. Present your argument with the help of a diagram.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 20

Question 21.
Define rate of exchange. If 300 Indian Rupees are exchanged for 6 US Dollar, what is the rate of exchange between Indian Rupee and US Dollar?
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 21

Answer any 4 questions from Qno. 22 to 27. Each question carry 5 score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 21.

Question 22.
Under perfect competition, a firm will not produce output level in cases under (a)P>MC and (b) P< MC. If so,what is the condition of profit maximizing output in the short run.Give diagrammatic illustration.
(Hint : Short run equilibrium of a firm under perfect competition).
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 22
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 22.1

Question 23.
Complete the following tables and identify the market structure.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 23

Question 24.
Suppose marginal propensity to consume is 0.75 and there is a 20 percent proportional income tax. Find the change in equilibrium income for the following.
a. Government purchase increase by 20.
b. Transfer decrease by 20.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 24

Question 25.
“Tax multiplier is smaller in absolute value than the government expenditure multiplier”. Do you agree substantiate it with one example.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 25
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 25.1

Question 26.
Calculate Private Income, Personal Disposable Income, Net National Disposable
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 26
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 26.1

Question 27.
From the schedule given below, calculate the Total Revenue (TR) and derive the demand schedule.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 27

Answer any 2 questions from Qno. 28 to 30. Each question carry 8 score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 27.

Question 28.
a. Prepare a note on market equilibrium.
b. What will happen if the price prevailing in the markets.
i. Above the equilibrium price.
ii. Below the equilibrium price.
c. Discuss the impact of the factors mentioned below on equilibrium price and quantity.
i. Shift in demand to right
ii. Shift in demand to left
iii. Shift in supply to right
iv. Shift in supply to left
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28

Question 29.
Diagrammatically explain the effects of changes in autonomous spending on equilibrium demand in the product market.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29

Question 30.
a. Classify the following functions under two heads:
Accepting deposits, giving loans and advances, discounting bills, credit creation, re discounting bills, note issue, custodian of foreign exchange reserve
b. The most important role RBI is credit creation and control of money supply. Explain the instruments which RBI uses for conducting monetary policy.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 30

Answers

Answer 1.
Both indifference and monotonic preference
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 1

Answer 2.
Price theory
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 2

Answer 3.
They maybe jointly demanded
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 3

Answer 4.
i. Monopoly
ii. Monopolistic competition

Answer 5.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 5
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 5.1

Answer 6.
a. Perfect competition, monopoly
b. In a perfectly competitive market AR and MR is equal to price. Here, producer is a price taker.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 6

Answer 7.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 7

Answer 8.
a. CSO – All others are related to National Income.
b. Service of housewives – All others are included in National Income estimate.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 8

Answer 9.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 9

Answer 10.
a. False – MPS = 0.3
b. False – Autonomous Consumption
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 10
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 10.1

Answer 11.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 11

Answer 12.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 12

Answer 13.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 13

Answer 14.
i. Product method
ii. Income method
iii. Expenditure method

Answer 15.
Point A: It indicates the efficient utilization of available resources.
Point B : It shows that the available resources of the economy are not fully utilized. In other words it is an indication of the under utilization of resources.
Point C : It is outside the production possibility frontier. This means that the economy cannot produce at this point using the available resources.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 15

Answer 16.
a. Rent – Land
b. Interest – Capital
c. Profit – Organizer
d. Wage – Labor
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 16

Answer 17.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 17
b. 1. When AC fails,AVC also falls
2. AVC reaches its minimum point even before AC reaches it minimum point.
3. When AC rises, AVC also rises, but asymptotically to AC.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 17.1

Answer 18.
Equilibrium is determined by the condition, Qd = Qs
In the present problem
7000 – 50P = 4000 + 250P
7000 – 4000 = 250P + 500 P
3000 = 750 P
P = 3000/750 = 4
The equilibrium price in the market is Rs.4.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 18

Answer 19.
Yes, I strongly agree with this statement. Government has controlled certain goods like kerosene, sugar etc. Government control on these commodities are essential for ensuring availability of these commodities to the poor people at reasonable price.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 19

Answer 20.
A monopolist is a price maker. A monopolist can sell more units of a commodity only at a lower price. That is why the demand curve facing a monopolist is a downward sloping curve.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 20
The monopolist sells Q units of goods at OP1 price. He can increase the sale to OQ1 only at the lower price OP0
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 20.1

Answer 21.
An exchange rate (also known as the foreign exchange rate, forex rate or FX rate) between two currencies is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another it is also regarded as the value of one country’s currency in terms of another currency. There are two types of exchange rate namely fixed exchange rate and flexible exchange rate
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 21

Answer 22.
Perfect Competition – Short Run Equilibrium In the model of price and output determination under perfectly competitive market conditions, price is determined by the impersonal market forces of supply and demand, and not by individual actions of buyers and sellers. The individual firm in such a market may be said to be a price taker. Perfect competition is used by economists not so much as an attainable goal, but as pure state against which all other markets can be measured.
For a market to be perfectly competitive, the following necessary conditions must, in general, prevail.
1. There must be many firms acting independently. Each firm is small enough relative to the size of the market, so that a single firm’s decision to either stop production entirely or to produce to full capacity will not have any perceptible effect on market supply to cause a change in market price.
2. Entry and exit from the market are free and friction less for both the firms and consumers.
3. The products offered for sale are homogeneous and divisible into small units.
4. Buyers and sellers have perfect knowledge about the market conditions.
5. Price is determined by the impersonal market forces of supply and demand , and not by individual actions of buyers and sellers. The individual firm in such a market may be said to be a price taker.
6. There is a perfect knowledge among consumers about the price at which goods are being sold in the market. Sellers thus cannot manipulate the commodity price and there by exploit the consumer.
7. There is perfect mobility of goods and factor of production among firms. Uniformity in factor prices is prevalent in the market.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 22
If these necessary condition prevail, the firm can lose its entire market if it sets its price above the market price. It can also expect no gain by lowering price, since it can sell all it wishes to produce at the market price.The competitive firm has no price discretion. Market price will not be affected by the independent action of a single firm. No firm is able to influence market price. The objective of each firm is to maximize profit. Profit is the difference between revenue and cost of production. Marginal cost (MC) is the cost incurred to produce an additional unit of the product. If the per unit price of a commodity is greater than the marginal cost, the firm will be interested in producing more of the commodity. On the other hand if price falls below marginal cost, the firm will curtail its production. Equilibrium condition will prevail at a point where profit is maximized. This happens where price is equal to marginal cost (P = MC). Also at the point of equilibrium, the marginal cost curve must be upward sloping.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 22.1
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 22.2
In the diagram the given price is P. Again the firm will produce the level of output for which MC = MR. This occurs at point E, giving a level of output of Q. Notice that at this point AR = AC, so the firm is making normal profit. In the short run, a perfectly competitive firm could be making super normal profit, or as a loss, or just normal profit,depending on the given market price.Note that if the firm’s losses get too big in the short run (AR < AVC) then it will have to shut down.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 22.3

Answer 23.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 23

Answer 24.
The change in equilibrium income when government purchase increase by 20 is
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 24
A decrease in transfer of 20 will raise equilibrium income by
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 24.1
Thus we find that income increased by less than it increased with a rise in government purchase.

Answer 25.
Yes, I agree with this statement that tax multiplier is smaller in absolute value than the government expenditure multiplier. This is because the government expenditure multiplier. This is because the government expenditure directly affect the total expenditure, while tax multiplier enter the different process. Therefore, the tax multiplier is always less in absolute value than the government expenditure multiplier.
For example: MPC = 0.75, then Government expenditure multiplier.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 25
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 25.1

Answer 26.
Private Income = 6000 + 120 + 100 – 300 – 80 = Rs. 5840 crores
Personal Disposable = 5840 – 60 – 160 -200 = Rs. 5420 crores.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 26

Answer 27.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 27

Answer 28.
a. Equilibrium is defined as a situation where plans of all consumers and firms in the market match and the market clears. In equilibrium, the aggregate quantity that all firms wish to sell equals the quantity that all the consumers in the market wish to buy, in other words, market supply equals market demand. The price at which equilibrium is reached is called equilibrium price and the quantity bought and sold at this price is called equilibrium quantity. Therefore,
qD(P*) = qS(P*)
where P* denotes the equilibrium price and gD(P*)and qS(P*) denote the market demand and market supply of the commodity respectively at price P*.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.1
b. i. If the price prevailing in the market is above equilibrium price, supply will exceed demand. Under such a situation some firms will not be able to sell their desired quantity, so they will lower their price. All other things remaining constant as price falls quantity demanded rises quantity supplied falls, and finally equilibrium price P* will be restored. At P* quantity demanded will be equal to quantity supplied.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.2
ii.If the price prevailing in the market is above equilibrium price, demand will exceed supply. Under such a situation some consumers will be ready to pay more prices to get the commodity. This will tend to increase the price. All other things remaining constant as price rises quantity demanded falls, quantity supplied rises, and finally equilibrium prices P* will be restored. At P*, quantity demanded will be equal to quantity supplied
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.3
c. i.When demand curve shift to right (increase in demand), there will be increase in equilibrium price and increase in equilibrium quantity. This changes is shown in the diagram
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.4
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.5
ii.When demand curve shift to left (decrease in demand), both equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price falls. This is shown in the diagram.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.6
iii. When supply curve shift to right (increase in supply), the equilibrium price decreases and the equilibrium quantity increases. This is given in the following diagram.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.7
iv. When supply curve shift to left (decrease in supply), the equilibrium price increases and the equilibrium quantity decreases. This is given in the following diagram.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 28.8

Answer 29.
a. There are two situations of shift of demand and supply curves in the same direction.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29
1 .Demand and supply curves shift forward. In this case equilibrium quality will increases. Equilibrium price may increase, decrease or remain unchanged.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.1
2.Demand and supply curves shift backward. In this case situation equilibrium quality will decrease. Equilibrium price may increase, decrease or remain unchanged.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.2
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.3
b. There are two situations of shift of demand and supply curves in the opposite direction.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.4
1. In this situation equilibrium price will increase, Equal quantity may increase, decrease or remain unchanged.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.5
2. Demand decreases and supply increases In this situation equilibrium price will decrease. Equilibrium quantity may increase decrease or remain unchanged.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 29.6

Answer 30.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 3 30
b. Monetary policy refers to the credit control measures adopted by the central bank of a country. G K Shaw defines it as “any conscious action undertaken by the monetary authorities to change the quantity, availability or cost of money”. Instruments of Monetary Policy: The instruments of monetary policy are of two types: first, quantitative, general or indirect; and second, qualitative, selective or direct. They affect the level of aggregate demand through the supply of money, cost of money availability of credit. Of the two types of instruments, the first category includes bank rate variations, open market operations and changing reserve requirements. They are meant to regulate the overall level of credit controls aim at controlling specific types of credit. They include changing margin requirements and regulation of consumer : credit. We discuss them as under:

Bank Rate Policy: The bank rate is the minimum lending rate of the central bank at which it red is counts first class bills of exchange and government securities held by the commercial banks. When the central bank finds that inflationary I pressures have started emerging within the economy, it raises the bank rate. Borrowing from the central bank becomes costly and commercial banks borrow less from it. The commercial banks, in turn, raise their lending rates to the business community and borrowers borrow less from the commercial banks. There is contraction of credit and prices are checked from rising further. On the contrary, when prices are depressed, the central bank lowers the bank rate. It is cheap to borrow from the central bank on the part of commercial banks. The latter also lower their lending rates. Businessmen are encouraged to borrow more. Investment is encouraged. Output, employment, income and demand start rising and the downward movement of checked.

Open market Operations: Open market operation refer to sale and purchase of securities in the money market by the central bank. When prices are rising and there is need to control them, the central bank sells securities. The reserves of commercial banks are reduced and they are not in a position to lend more to the business commonly

Changes in Reserve Ratio: This weapon was suggested by Keynes in his Treatise on Money and the USA was the first to adopt it as a monetary device. Every bank is required by law to keep a certain percentage of its vaults and also a certain percentage with the central bank. When prices are rising, the central bank raises the reserve ratio. Banks are required to keep more with the central bank. Their reserves are reduced and they lend less. The volume of investment, output and employment are adversely affected. In the opposite case, when the reserves ratio is lowered the reserved of commercial banks are raised. They lend more and the economic activity is favorably affected.

Selective Credit Controls: Selective credit controls are used to influence specific types of credit for particular purposes. They usually take the form of changing margin requirements to control speculative activities within the economy. When there is brisk speculative activity in the economy or in particular sectors in certain commodities and prices start rising, the central bank raises the margin requirement on them. The result is that the borrowers are given less money in loans against specified securities. For instance, raising the margin requirement to 60% means that the pledge of securities of the value of Rs 10,000 will be given 40% of their value, i.e Rs 4000 as loan. In case of recession in a particular sector, the central bank encourages borrowing by lowering margin requirements.

conclusion: For an effective anti-cyclical monetary policy, bank rate, open market operations, reserve ratio and selective control measures are required to be adopted simultaneously. But it has been accepted by all monetary theorists that (i) the success of monetary policy is nil in a depression when business confidence is at its lowest ebb; and (ii) it is successful against inflation. The monetarists contend that as against fiscal policy, monetary policy possesses greater flexibility and it can be implemented rapidly.

Plus Two Hindi Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Economics Model Question Paper 2

by

Kerala Plus Two Economics Model Question Paper 2

Time: 2½ Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates:

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2½ hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Plus Two Physics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers 2018

Answer all questions from 1 to Qno 14
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 1.

Question 1.
Who is known as the father of modem macro economics
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 1
a. Adam smith
b. J.M Keynes
c. Alfred marshall
d. J.B say

Question 2.
If the demand curve is a rectangular hyperbola, elasticity is
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 2
a. Zero
b. One
c. Less than one
d. Infinity

Question 3. Observe the diagram
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 3
Commend on the given demand curve
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 3.1

Question 4.
Which of the following cost will be zero when production is stopped?
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 4
a. Average Fixed Cost
b.Total Cost
c. Fixed Cost
d. Variable Cost

Question 5.
Match column A with column B
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 5

Question 6.
The Elasticity of Demand for a product is found at ‘A’, State which degree of elasticity is this. Justify your answer.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 6

Question 7.
The market demand function and market supply functions are given as find the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 7

Question 8.
How is GNP deflater calculated? If the real GNP and nominal GNP are RS 5000 crores and 7000 crores respectively. Calculate the GNP deflators.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 8

Question 9.
Classify the followings into tax revenue and non-tax revenue. Personal income tax, Excise duty, Import duty, License fee, Surplus from public enterprise, Escheat.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 9

Question 10.
Fill in the blanks:
I.____= Revenue Expenditure – Revenue Receipts.
II. Primary Deficit = _______Net Interest Liabilities.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 10

Question 11.
Write the economic term for the following:
a. The situation when people become more thrifty, the economy will end-up savingless.
b. The receipts of the Govt.which create liability or reduce financial assets.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 11

Question 12.
Provide appropriate terms for the following statements.
a. Upper limit on the price of a good imposed by government.
b. The government imposed lower limit on the price of a good.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 12

Question 13.
Identify the following curve
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 13

Question 14.
Draw the demand curve of a firm under monopolistic competition.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 14

Write any Six Questions from Q.No 15 to 21, Each carry 3 score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 14.

Question 15.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 15
The digraph shows the aggregate demand in an open economy. Derive the findings from the diagram
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 15.1

Question 16.
Find the odd man out and justify your answer
a. Homogeneous products, free entry and exit, perfect knowledge about market condition, price maker.
b. Hemogeneous product, freedom of entry and exit, large number of buyers and sellers, product differentiation.
c. MC = MR, MR = AFC, MC cuts MR from below, P=AC
d. Technological progress, input price, unit tax, income tax
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 16
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 16.1

Question 17.
Two different production possibility curves at two different situations are given below. The first one is supposed to be the PPC of India just before Kargil war. The second one is the PPC of Indonesia just before Tsunami 2004.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 17
a. Draw the change in PPC of India during Kargil War.
b. Draw the changes in PPC of Indonesia after Tsunami.
c. Give reasons for both changes.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 17.1
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 17.2

Question 18.
Short run MC and AC curves are U-shaped. Write down any three relationships between MC and AC.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 18

Question 19.
Write down the national income identify for an open economy with due explanation of the terms used.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 19

Question 20.
Under oligopoly the output decision of any one firm necessarily affect the price and quantity sold by other firms. Hence the rivals may react to protect the profit. List the three different ways in which oligopoly firms may behave.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 20

Question 21.
Complete the following table and plot TVC, TFC, TC curves.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 21

Answer any 4 questions from Q.No 22 to 27 Each Questions carry 5 Score.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 21.

Question 22.
The market price of a goods changes from Rs. 5 to 20. As a result the quantity supplied by a firm increases by 15 units. The price elasticity of the firm’s supply curve is 0.5. Find the initial and final output level of the firm.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 22

Question 23.
Compute the total revenue, marginal revenue and average revenue schedules in the following table. Market price of each unit of the good is Rs.10.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 23

Question 24.
Distinguish between the nominal exchange rate and real exchange rate. If you were to decide whether to buy domestic goods or foreign goods, which rate would be more relevant? Explain.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 24

Question 25.
The following table shows the total cost schedule of a firm. Calculate TVC, AFC, AVC, SAC and SMC schedules.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 25
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 25.1
(Hints: TVC = Total Variable Cost, AFC = Average Fixed Cost, AVC = Average Variable Cost, SAC= Short run Average Cost, SMC= Short run Marginal Cost.)

Question 26.
C = a + by is the consumption function, where C is aggregate consumption, a is autonomous consumption, b is MPC and Y is income. Suppose a = 20, b = Rs.0.8 a. Constant consumption function line in a graph at various income levels is given below.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 26
b. Show where consumption equals income (break even point).
c. Mark negative saving and positive saving in the graph

Question 27.
Examine the diagram given below. Identify the mistake and redraw the diagram. What is the relation between Total Revenue and Marginal Revenue as the firm expands its output?
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 27
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 27.1

Question 28.
a. “Government interference on product price may create problem”. Do you agree with this statement. Substantiate your answer.
b. What will happen if the price prevailing in the market is : (a) above the equilibrium price (b) below the equilibrium price>
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 28

Question 29.
a. Given the reaction between business process re-engineering (BPR) and enterprise resource planning (ERP)
b. What is SCM
c. List the advantages of ERP implementation in an enterprises
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29.1

Question 30.
a. Write a short note on commercial banking system in India
b. Briefly explain functions of commercial banks
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 30

Answers

Answer 1.
J.M Keynes

Answer 2.
One

Answer 3.
Shift in demand/increase in demand

Answer 4.
d) Variable Cost

Answer 5.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 5

Answer 6.
Hint: e >1, Point A is above the mid point of the demand curve
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 6

Answer 7.
Equilibrium price
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 7
200-p = 120+p
2p = 80
P = 80/2
P = 40

Answer 8.
GNP Deflators
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 8

Answer 9.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 9

Answer 10.
I. Revenue deficit
II. Fiscal deficit

Answer 11.
a. Paradox of thrift
b. Capital receipts

Answer 12.
a. Price ceiling
b. Price floor

Answer 13.
i. TC Curve
ii. TVC Curve
iii. TFC Curve

Answer 14.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 14

Answer 15.
• In the diagram AD is aggregate demand and AA is the import line.
• Import line AA is positively sloped showing that import increases with income.
• AA is flater than AD because as income increase some of the additional domestic demand falls on foreign goods
• Net exports are a decreasing function of income
• At ytb (‘tb’ stands for trade balance), the level of income at which the value of imports is equal to the value of exports.

Answer 16.
a. Price maker, All others are features of perfect competition.
b. Product differentiation – All others are features of perfect competition.
c. MR = AFC. All others are conditions for firms equilibrium under perfect competition.
d. Income tax – All others are determinants of a firms supply curve
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 16

Answer 17.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 17
c. Puring the Kargil War India needed more 1 guns than butter. After Tsunami Indonesia needed more butter than guns.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 17.1

Answer 18.
i. When marginal cost (MC) is above average cost (AC), the average cost rises, that is, the marginal cost (MC) pulls the average cost (AC) upwards.
ii. When marginal cost (MC) stands equal to the average cost (AC), the average cost remains the same, that is the marginal cost pulls the average cost horizontally.
iii. If the marginal cost (MC) is below the average cost (AC); average cost falls, that is, the marginal cost pulls the average cost downwards.

Answer 19.
National income identify for an open economy
In a closed economy, there are three sources I of demand for domestic goods – Consumption
I (C), government spending (G), and domestic investment (I).
We can write
Y = C + I + G
In an open economy, exports (X) constitute an additional source of demand for domestic goods and service that comes from abroad and therefore must be added to aggregate demand. Imports (M) supplement supplies in domestic markets and constitute that part of domestic demand that falls on foreign good and services. Therefore,the national Income identify for an open economy is
Y + M = C + I + G + X
Rearranging, we get
Y = C + I + G + X – M
or
Y = C + I + G + NX
Where, NX is net exports (exports – Imports).
A positive NX (with exports greater than imports) implies a trade surplus and a negative NX (with imports exceeding exports) implies a trade deficit.

Answer 20.
If the market of a particular commodity consists of more than one seller but the number of sellers is few, the market structure is termed oligopoly. The special case of oligopoly where there are exactly two sellers is termed duopoly. We shall explain the different ways in which the oligopoly firms may behave.
Firstly duopoly firms may collude together and decide not to compete with each other and maximize total profits of the two firms together. In such a case the two firms would behave like a single monopoly firm that has two different factories producing the commodity.
Secondly, take the case of duopoly where each of the two firms decide how much quantity to produce by maximizing its own profit assuming that the other firms would not change the quantity that it is supplying.We can examine the impact using a simple example where both the firms have zero cost.
Thirdly, some economists argue that oligopoly market structure makes the market price of the commodity rigid, i.e. the market price does not move freely in response to changes in demand

Answer 21.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 21

Answer 22.
P = Rs 5 P1 = Rs. 20
P = P1 – P = 20 – 5 = 15
Q = 15 Units
Es = 0.5, Q = ? and Q1 = ?
\({ E }_{ S }=\frac { \Delta Q }{ \Delta P } \times \frac { P }{ Q } \)
0. 5 = 15/5 x 5/Q Or
0. 5 = 5/Q, 0.5 x Q = 5,
Q1 = 5/0.5 = 10
Q1 = Q + ∆Q
= 10 + 15 = 25
Initial output = 10 units
Final output level = 25 Units

Answer 23.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 23

Answer 24.
The price of one currency in terms of the other is called the exchange rate. The exchange rate expressed in terms of money is called nominal exchange rate.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 24
Where e is the one currency price of other currency (ie, nominal exchange rate) P and Pf price levels in two countries
Real exchange rate would be more relevant to buy domestic goods or foreign goods. It is because it protect the business partners from inflation in both the countries.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 24.1

Answer 25.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 25

Answer 26.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 26
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 26.1

Answer 27.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 27

Answer 28.
A. No, I do not agree with this statement completely because, there were no consequences if the government avoids the market interference of the outside agencies. However, today’s markets are beyond the controls of government. Therefore, the following adverse consequences on the consumers may happen
a. Each consumer has to stand in long ques to buy the goods from ration shops
b. Since all consumers will not be satisfied by the quantity of the goods that they get from the fair price shop, some of them will be willing to pay higher price for it. This may result in the creation of black market
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 28
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 28.1
B.a. In this case, many more firms will enter the market releasing that they can earn higher profit here than else where as a result, prevailing price there will be excess supply in the market. This excess supply will lower the market price and the market price will be equal to equilibrium price.
b. In the case many firms who are incurring losses will exit the industry. As a result at a prevailing prices, there will be excess demand will raise the market price will be equal to equilibrium price.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 28.2

Answer 29.
Before implementing ERP we need to conduct a BPR to determine the changes in the structure of business process. This helps to an enterprise to avoid unnecessary modules in ERP. But all BPR may not lead to the implementation of new ERP.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29
Supply Chain Management (SCM). It consists of all activities associated with moving goods from the supplier to the customer. It begins with collecting raw material and ends with delivering goods to customer. SCM aim to fast delivery of goods to customers thus increase the customer satisfaction.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29.1
1. Improved resource utilization. An enterprise can plan and manage resources effectively by installing ERP software. It reduces the wastage of resources and increases better resource utilization.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29.2
2. Better customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction helps to meet customer needs for a product or service. ERP helps to give customer more importance without spending more time and money.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29.3
3. Provides accurate information. ERP provides information needed for future planning and management of enterprise.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29.4
4. Decision making capability. Information helps to make decision. This helps to overcome other competitors in business.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29.5
5. Increased flexibility. ERP system helps to increase flexibility of an organization. Thus it can adapt to changes. It makes information available without any barrier.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 29.6

Answer 30.
a. A commercial bank is an institution that accepts deposits from public and are with draw able by cheque and used for lending.
b. The function of commercial banks are a follows:
Primary functions, Secondary functions Development functions.
Primary functions .
This is the most traditional and significant function of commercial bank. They normally accept 3 types of deposits from public (1) Demand /current deposit (2) Savings deposit (3) Fixed/term deposits.
Commercial banks lend credit to the needy against security namely physical assets, salary certificates, proof of credit worthiness etc. The various types of credits are cash credit, cash loans, term loan over draft.
Bill of exchange is a short dated security issued to finance foreign trade. The costumer pays an exporter not in cash but with a bill payable within 3 – 6 months. This can be sold to a commercial bank by the exporter. The bank deducts an amount as its commission for encashing the bill immediately.
When commercial banks advance a loan to a customer a credit account is opened in his name to withdraw the required sum by cheques. In this way bank has created an account which is similar to a deposit. How such a deposit helps the process of credit creation in the banking system is explained
Investment
Banks are also required by law to invest a below part of their funds in approved securities and government securities. Such investments are helpful into two ways.
1. Banks can get income from their surplus funds.
2. Encashability of securities is higher than that of loans
Secondary functions
This can be further classified into agency functions and general utility functions, (a) Agency functions are those functions performed by the bank to its customers as their agent for a commission.
Developmental Functions
It includes :
Low interest loans to weaker sections of the society.
Self employment loans for unemployed.
Loans for rural development.
Infrastructure development
Educational purposes.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 30
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 30.1
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 2 30.2

Plus Two Hindi Previous Year Question Papers and Answers

Plus Two Economics Model Question Paper 1

by

Kerala State Board New Syllabus Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers.

Kerala Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1 with Answers

BoardSCERT
ClassPlus Two
SubjectEconomics
CategoryPlus Two Previous Year Question Papers

Time: 2½ Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2½ hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

I. Answer all questions from 1 to 14.

Question 1.
The consumer prefer the bundle which has more of at least one of the good and no less of the other good as compared to the other bundle, consumer preference is ………..
a) Indifference preference
b) Monotonic preference
c) Both indifferent and monotonic preference
d) None of the above
Answer:
b) Monotonic preference

Question 2.
Micro Economics is also known in the name of ………..
a) Price Theory
b) Demand Theory
c) Income Theory
d) Cost Theory
Answer:
a) Price Theory

Question 3.
From the following find the open economy multiplier.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 1
Answer:
c) \(\frac{1}{1-C+m}\)

Question 4.
Identify the demand curve of a monopoly firm
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 2
Answer:
b)
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 3

Question 5.
Match the coloums A and B. (4 × 1 = 4)

When r = r max speculative demand for money becomes> 1
The elasticity of demand curve under perfect competition1
The value of marginal propensity to consume when marginal propensity to save is equal to zeroInfinity
When nominals GDP is Greater than Real GDP, GDP deflator become0

Answer:

When r = r max speculative demand for money becomes0
The elasticity of demand curve under perfect competitionInfinity
The value of marginal propensity to consume when marginal propensity to save is equal to zero1
When nominals GDP is Greater than Real GDP, GDP deflator become> 1

Question 6.
Observe the diagram.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 4
The initial budget line is AB State the reasons for the changes in the Budget line shown below.
a) From AB to A1 B1
b) From AB to AB2
Answer:
a) Consumers income falls
b) Price of commodity 1 falls

Question 7.
Catagorise the following features of market structure into appropriate heads.
a) Differentiated Products
b) Longrun Price = MC
c) Price Takers
d) Homogeneous Products
e) Longrun Price > MC
f) Some Pricing Power
Answer:
Monopolistic Competiton:
a. Differentiated Products
e. Longrun Price > MC
f. Some Pricing Power

Perfect competition:
b. Longrun Price = MC
c. Price Takers
d. Homogeneous Products

Question 8.
Complete the equations
a) GNP = GDP + ………..
b) ……….. = NNPFC + Net indirect Tax
c) Personal Disposable Income = ……….. – (Personal Tax Payment + Non Personal Tax Payments)
d) Gross value added = Gross Value – ………..
Answer:
a) GNP = GDP + NFIA
b) NNPMP = NNPFC + Net Indirect Tax
c) Personal Disposable Income = Personal Income – (Personal Tax Payment + Non Personal Tax Payments)
d) Gross value added = Gross Value – Value of in-termediary goods

Question 9.
If K = 1/2, GDP Deflator (Price level) = 1.5, Real GDP (y) = 1000 crores
a) Write the Equation of Transaction demand for money
b) Calculate the value of it.
Answer:
a) \(\mathrm{M}_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{d}}\) = Kpy = 1/2 × 1.5 × 1000 = 150

Question 10.
Classify the following into stock and flow
i) National Income
ii) Changes in inventories
iii) Capital
iv) Money Supply
v) Capital formation
vi) Income of household
Answer:
Stock:
iii) Capital
iv) Money Supply

Flow:
i) National Income
ii) Changes in inventories
v) Money Supply
vi) Income of household

Question 11.
A hypothetical Aggregate Demand function is given below.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 5
When marginal propensity to consume (c) increased to 0.80, show diagramatically the Changes in equilibrium income.
Answer:
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 6

Question 12.
Find outthe equation for
a) Cdr
b) rdr
c) Money Multiplier
d) Transaction demand for money
(CU/DD, \(\frac{1+c d r}{c d r+r d r}\), R/DD,K.T)
Answer:
a) CU/DD
b) R/DD
c) \(\frac{1+c d r}{c d r+r d r}\)
d) K.T

Question 13.
Distinguish the concepts of Ex ante and Ex post
Answer:
Ex ante refers to something that is planned. It is the anticipated. For example investment. Export refers to something that is actually realised. This is actually what has been materialised, e.g. Investment.

Question 14.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 7
a) Shade the portion of abnormal profit in the above diagram.
Answer:
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 8

Write any Six Questions from 12 to 21, Each carry diagram.

Question 15.
Catagorise the following under suitable titles.
a) All economic activities in the economy organised by individuals through market.
b) Central authority plans to Allocate Resources.
c) Allocation of resources in the economy decided by market mechanism.
d) Government takes decisions regarding the important economic activities in an economy.
Answer:
Capitalist Economy:
a) All economic activities in the economy organised by individuals through market.
c) Allocation of resources in the economy decided by market mechanism.

Socialist Economy:
b) Central authority plans to Allocate Resources.
d) Government takes decisions regarding the important economic activities in an economy.

Question 16.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 9
Diagrammatically illustrate the following changes in the above demand curve of Tea.
a) Price of Coffee increases
b) Income of the consumer decreases
c) Price of tea decreases
Total Fixed Cost is Rs. 10
Answer:
a) When price of Coffee increases people will shift to tea. The demand curve of tea will shift rightward.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 10

b) When the income of the consumer falls, the demand for tea decreases, the demand for tea decreases. It shifts towards left.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 11

c) When the price of tea falls there is a movement along the demand curve downward from the point to another.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 12

Question 17.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 13
Find TVC, TC and AC and Complete the table
Answer:
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 14

Question 18.
The RBI Changes is monetary policy instruments as follows.
a) Reduction Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
b) Increase statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
c) Increase Bank rate
Explain the effect of these policy charges on money supply and Aggregate Demand.
Answer:
a) Money supply and aggregate demand increases.
b) Money supply and aggregate demand decreases.
c) Money supply and aggregate demand decreases.

Question 19.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 15
The diagram shows the equilibrium of the monopolist in terms of the total curves
a) Explain Break even point and mark it on the diagram.
b) Show the maximum profit level of output in the diagram
Answer:
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 16
a) Break even point is the point where the TR and TC are equal. A and B in the diagram shows break even point.
b) q1 shows the maximum profit.

Question 20.
The value of GDP at Current price in 2016 is ₹ 5000 crores. The dame GDP evaluated at the price of the year 2010 is ₹ 4000 crores. Using this data.
a) Calculate the GDP Deflator
b) Comment on the changes in the price level
Answer:
a) GDP deflator = \(\frac{G D P}{g d p}\)
GDP = Nominal GDP, gdp = Real GDP
= \(\frac{5000}{4000}\)
= 1.25
b) The price level is increased 25% compared to the previous year.

Question 21.
Explain the components of Aggregate demand in a two sector model economy.
Answer:
In a two sector economy AD = C + I
Where C = consumption, I = Investment. In a two sector economy it is assumed that there are only households and firms in an economy.

Answer any 4 questions from 22 to 27. Each Question carry 5 Score. (4 × 5 = 20)

Question 22.
Suppose a consumer wants to consume two goods. The price of Good 1 is ₹ 10, Price of Good 2 is ₹ 5 and the consumer income is ₹ 30, then
a) Write the budget sets
b) From the budget set which bundles – Cost exactly ₹ 30
c) Derive the Budget Line equation.
Answer:
a) (0,1), (0,2), (0,3)
(1.0), (2,0), (3,0), (4,0), (5,0), (6, 0)
(1.1), (1.2)
(2, 1), (3,1), (4, 1)
(2,2) are the bundles.
b) (0,3), (6,0), (2,2) are the bundles which exactly costs ₹ 30.
c) 10x1 + 5x2 = 30

Question 23.
‘Perfect Competition is a myth and not a reality’ Do you agree with this argument? Substantiate your answer by analysing the features of perfect competition.
Answer:
The features of perfect competition is given below.

  • large number of buyers and sellers
  • homogeneous product
  • free entry and exit
  • the firm is a price maker
  • perfect information
  • no selling cost

Why this market structure cannot exist in the real world is that it is very difficult to have these features suitable for any market structure.

Question 24.
The Price and Revenue Schedule of a monopoly firm is given below
a) Complete the Table
b) Draw AR and MR Curve
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 17
Answer:
a)
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 18

b)
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 19

Question 25.
Some macro economic variables are given below.

ItemRs. (in crores)
Depreciation200
Final Consumption Expenditure2400
Investment Expenditure1750
Export430
Import450
Government Expenditure1000
Net Factor Income from Aborad600
Net Indirect Tax200

a) Calculate GDPMP by using expenditure method.
b) Calculate National Income (NNPFC)
Answer:
a) GDPMP = AD = C + I + G + (x – m)
= 2400 + 1750 + 1000 + (430 – 450)
= 5150 + (-20)
= 5150 – 20 = 5130

b) National Income = NNPFC
GNPMP = GDPNP + NFIA
= 5130 + 600 = 5730
NNPMP = GNPMP – Depreciation
= 5730-200 = 5530
NNPFC = NNPMP – Net Indirect Taxes
= 5530 – 200 = 5330

Question 26.
Mr. Shaji is a resident Indian Working in the USA. He decided to purchase the following items when he returns to India. He wants to compare the prices of commodities in the USA and India.

ItemPrice in USA (Dollar)Price in India (Rs)
Shirt20500
Laptop50030000
Leather Bag502500

When Exchange Rate is One dollar = Rs. 50
a) Which Economic Concept will Mr. Shaji use to compare the prices? Write the equation.
b) From which country purchasing these commodities will be more profitable for Mr. Shaji?
Answer:
a) Real Exchange Rate = \(\frac{e p f}{p}\)

b) Shirt = \(\frac{e p f}{p}=\frac{50 \times 20}{500}=\frac{1000}{500}\) = 2 means shirt is expensive in the US.
Laptop = \(\frac{e p f}{p}=\frac{50 \times 500}{3000}=\frac{25000}{3000}\) = 0.53
Means laptop is cheaper in the US, hence better to buy from there.
Leather Belt = \(\frac{e p f}{p}\)
= \(\frac{50 \times 50}{2500}=\frac{2500}{2500}\)
means leather belt costs exactly same in both countries.

Question 27.
The aggregate equilibrium in a simple economy is given below in a diagram.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 20
Diagrammatically explain the following changes on the equilibrium income.
a) Government increases the Revenue expenditure
b) Government increases the Lump-Sum Tax
Answer:
When the government increases its revenue expenditure the AD will shift upward. The equilibrium changes from e to e1 The level of revenue increases.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 21

b) When the government increases lumpsum tax the AD shifts downward. Equilibrium changes from e to e1. The level of income falls from y to y1.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 22

Answer any two Questions from 28 to 30. Each Question Carry 8 marks. (2 × 8 = 16)

Question 28.
a) Explain the concept of market equilibrium with fixed number of firms.
b) Graphically prove how the equilibrium maintain under perfect competition.
c) Show any five changes in the equilibrium price and quantity with the help of diagrams.
Answer:
a) Equilibrium is a situation where the quantity demanded is exactly equal to the quantity supplied.

b) The diagram shows the market equilibrium. D is the demand curve, S is the supply curve. At point e, Qd = Qs. Op is the equilibrium price and Oq is the equilibrium quantity.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 23

ci) Demand increases, equilibrium changes, price and quantity increases.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 24

cii) Demand dereases, equilibrium changes, price and quantity comes down.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 25

ciii)Supply decreases, equilibrium changes, price increases and quantity comes down.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 26

civ)Supply increases, equilibrium changes, price comes down and quantity increases.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 27

cv) Demand increases and supply decreases, .equilibrium changes, price increases and no change in quantity.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 28

Question 29.
A law says that if we keep increasing the employment of a factor input, other inputs fixed, the marginal product initially rises, after reaching a certain level of employment of input, it starts falling.
a) Identify the law.
b) Diagrammatically explain the Law by using Total Product Curve, Average Product Curve and Marginal Product curve.
c) State the relationships between MP and AP.
Answer:
a) A law of variable proportion

b) The law states that if we keep increasing the employment an input with other inputs fixed initially the total product will rise fast, then will reach a point where the total product starts falling. According to the law the marginal product of an input initially rises and then after a certain level of employment it starts falling.
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 29

c) Both average and marginal product increases initially. After reaching a certain point both starts falling. The MP will always pass through the maximum point of AP.

Question 30.
a) The Government operates 3 district functions through the budget. Identify and explain these functions of Government.
b) Briefly explain the components of Government Budget.
Answer:
The three functions of Government are
a) i) Allocation function: This function is related to the provision of public and merit goods. The market may not provide them. So the government through budget allocates the provision of these goods.
ii) Distribution function: The government collects high levels of taxes from the rich people and distribute it to the poor sections of the society through subsidies. This is known as distribution function.
iii) Stabilisation function: The government stabilises the economy when there are boon and depression through the aggregate demand. At times of boon government reduces AD and at the time of depression, government takes steps to raise AD.

b)
Plus Two Economics Model Question Papers Paper 1, 30

Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017

by

Kerala State Board New Syllabus Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Papers and Answers.

Kerala Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 with Answers

BoardSCERT
ClassPlus Two
SubjectEconomics
CategoryPlus Two Previous Year Question Papers

Time: 2½ Hours
Cool off time : 15 Minutes

General Instructions to candidates

  • There is a ‘cool off time’ of 15 minutes in addition to the writing time of 2½ hrs.
  • Your are not allowed to write your answers nor to discuss anything with others during the ‘cool off time’.
  • Use the ‘cool off time’ to get familiar with the questions and to plan your answers.
  • Read questions carefully before you answering.
  • All questions are compulsory and only internal choice is allowed.
  • When you select a question, all the sub-questions must be answered from the same question itself.
  • Calculations, figures and graphs should be shown in the answer sheet itself.
  • Malayalam version of the questions is also provided.
  • Give equations wherever necessary.
  • Electronic devices except non-programmable calculators are not allowed in the Examination Hall.

Question 1.
Which one of the following condition is not satisfied by the long-run equilibrium of a firm under perfect condition?
a) P = AR
b) AR = MR
c) MC = MR
d) AFC = AVC

Question 2.
Identity the curve given below. What does points A, B, C represents?
Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q2

Question 3.
Match the following:
M1 : Most commonly used measure of money supply
M2: Least liquid form of money supply
M3: M1 + Post Office Savings Deposits
M4: CU + DD

Question 4.
Fill in the blanks:
I.___= Revenue Expenditure – Revenue Receipts.
II. Primary Deficit = _____ – Net Interest Liabilities.

Question 5.
Suppose the demand and supply functions of wheat are given by QD = 800 – 4P and QS = 600 + 4P respectively.
I. Find the equilibrium price and quantity demanded.
II. Due to a shortage of fertilizers, the cost of production of wheat is increased. So that the new supply function is QS = 400+4P. What will happen to the equilibrium price and quantity demanded?

Question 6.
Explain the working of a pegged exchange rate system with suitable diagram.

Question 7.
Why there is different price elasticity along a linear demanded curve? Illustrate with the help of a diagram.

Question 8.
Write a note on the interest responsiveness of the following motives for the demand for money.
I. Transaction Motive
II. Precautionary Motives
III. Speculative Motives

Question 9.
From the Budget line shown below, find the price of good X2 given that the price of X1 good is Rs.30. The equation on the Budget line is given as P1X1+P2X2 = 1000.
Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q9
(Hint: X and Y axes shows the number of units of respective goods purchased)

Question 10.
Which of the following is not correct?
I. Y = C + I + G + X – M
II. GNP = GDP + Net Factor Income from abroad
III. NNP = GNP – Depreciation
IV. NDP = GDP – Net Indirect Taxes

Question 11.
Goods which are consumed together is known as
a. Substitute goods
b. Complementary goods
c. Normal goods
d. Giffen goods

Question 12.
Elucidate the working of Autonomous Expenditure Multiplier Mechanism with a suitable example. Show the impact of a decline in MPC on multiplier.

Question 13.
Match the following:
Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q13

Question 14.
Which among the following is not a characteristic of a Capitalist Economy?
a. Wages and prices are administered by the government.
b. Private ownership of means of production.
c. Production takes place for exchange.
d. Sale and purchase of labor services at a price is called wage rate.

Question 15.
Rising portion of long run marginal cost curve from the minimum of long run average cost curve is known as
a. Long run supply curve of the firm.
b. Long run demanded curve of the firm.
c. Variable cost curve of the firm.
d. Fixed cost curve of the firm.

Question 16.
Graphically explain the short run equilibrium of the firm under Perfect Com-petition. Draw separate diagram depicting the following conditions:
I. The firm is earning super normal profit.
II. The firm is earning only normal profit.
III. The firm is incurring a loss.

Question 17.
How does equilibrium price and quantity demand affected when
I. Both demand and supply curves shifts in the same directions.
II. Demand and supply curve shifts in the opposite directions.

Question 18.
Why the Average Revenue Curve and Marginal Revenue Curve of a firm under monopolistic competition is negatively sloped?

Question 19.
Examine the diagram given below. Identify the mistake and redraw the diagram. What is the relation between Total Revenue and Marginal Revenue as the firm expands its output?
Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q19

Question 20.
Distinguish between a stock and flow variable. Illustrate with examples.

Question 21.
Explain the concept of High powered money.

Question 22.
Consider the following diagram. Answer the following questions:
Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q22
I. What does the 45° line represent?
II. What is the difference between A1 and A2?
III. List two possible reasons for an increase in Autonomous Expenditure.
IV. When the economy moved from E1 to E2, the Aggregate output is increased more as compared to Aggregate Expenditure. Why?
V. Explain the movement of the economy from E1 to E2.

Question 23.
Among the following choose the one which represents the multiplier
Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q23
I. What does the 45° line represent?
II. What is the difference between A1 and A2?
III. List two possible reasons for an increase in Autonomous Expenditure.
IV. When the economy moved from E1 to E2, the Aggregate output is increased more as compared to Aggregate Expenditure. Why?
V. Explain the movement of the economy from E1 to E2.

Question 24.
Distinguish between Revenue Expenditure and Capital Expenditure

Question 25.
Differentiate between Devaluation and Depreciation.

Question 26.
The following table shows the total cost schedule of a firm. Calculate TVC, AFC, AVC, SAC and SMC schedules.
Plus Two Economics Previous Year Question Paper March 2017 Q26
(Hints: TVC = Total Variable Cost, AFC = Average Fixed Cost, AVC = Average Variable Cost, SAC= Short run Average Cost, SMC= Short run Marginal Cost.)