Kerala State Board New Syllabus Plus Two Business Studies Chapter Wise Previous Questions and Answers Chapter 7 Directing.
Kerala Plus Two Business Studies Chapter Wise Previous Questions Chapter 7 Directing
Plus Two Business Studies Directing 1 Mark Important Questions
Question 1.
Mr. Abhinav has been working as Marketing Manager of an electrical components manufacturing unitforthe last five years. Mr. Suresh is working as an assistant in the same section. Suresh made a complaint about his junior to the Marketing Manager. Mention the direction in which communication flows. (MARCH-2009)
Answer:
Upward communication
Question 2.
Suggest a suitable term to describe the network of informal communication which lead to ________ (February-2010)
Answer:
Grapevine communication
Question 3.
Mr.Praveen, the production manager of ABC Ltd, always encourages his subordinates to work hard. Which management term is used to refer Praveen’s activity? (MARCH -2010)
Answer:
Motivation
Question 4.
Identify the term used to refer to the ability of a person to look at things from other’s point of view. (MARCH-2010)
a) empathy
b) responsibility
c) sympathy
d) authority
Answer:
Empathy
Question 5.
Observe the following and pick out and odd one. Justify your answer. (MAY-2010)
a) Supervision
b) Control
c) Motivation
d) Leadership
Answer:
Control
Question 6.
Maslow defines this need as “The desire to become everything one is capable of becoming.” (MARCH-2012)
a) Social need
b) Self actualization need
c) Safety need
d) Esteem need
Answer:
Self actualization need
Question 7.
“I am always with the subordinates, giving them direct and immediate guidance and controlling them in the performance of their tasks”. Who am I? (MAY-2012)
Answer:
Supervision
Question 8.
“Desire to become everything one is capable to becoming” Which is the need that Maslow mean here? (MAY-2012)
Answer:
Self Actualisation Needs
Question 9.
Ability of a leader to look things from others point of view is (MARCH-2013)
a) Empathy
b) Sympathy
c) Responsibility
d) Authority
Answer:
a) Empathy
Question 10.
Identify the communication network in the following diagram. (MARCH-2013)
a) wheel pattern
b) Chain pattern
c) Circle pattern
d) Ladder pattern
Answer:
Chain pattern
Question 11.
Which among the following is not an example of downward communication? (MAY-2013)
a) Letters
b) Memos
c) Complaints
d) Orders
Answer:
Complaints
Question 12.
Who among the following suggested need hierarchy theory? . (MARCH-2014)
a) Henry Fayol
b) F.W. Taylor
c) Abraham Maslow
d) Peter Drucker
Answer:
Abraham Maslow
Question 13.
Which one of the following is not an element of directing? (MAY-2016)
a) Planning
b) Supervision
c) Leadership
d) Communication
Answer:
a) Planning
Question 14.
Which one of the following is not a semantic barrier of communication? (MAY-2016)
a) Technical Jargons
b) Gesture decoding
c) Badly expressed messages
d) Status
Answer:
d) Status
Question 15.
Autonomy status requirement of an individual is a factor, under which category of needs identified by Abraham Maslow: (MAY-2017)
a) Affiliation
b) Self Actualisation
c) Esteem needs
d) Safety
Answer:
c) Esteem needs
Question 16.
A democratic leader is otherwise known as: (MAY-2017)
a) Participative leader
b) Free-rein leader
c) Autocratic leader
d) Laissezfaire leader
Answer:
a) Participative leader
Plus Two Business Studies Directing 2 Marks Important Questions
Question 1.
Shajahan, one of your classmates, asks you why informal communication is also known as ‘grapevine’? What explanation will you give to shajahan? (MARCH-2009)
Answer:
The network or pathway of Informal communication is known as grapevine communication. Because the origin and direction of flow of the informal mes-sages cannot be easily traced.
Question 2.
“The sales executive of marketing department communicates with the manager of Production Department about the quality of products.
a) What type of communication takes place here? (MAY-2012)
b) If the sales executive communicates with his boss, ie. marketing manager, what type of communication will be that?
Answer:
a) Diagonal communication
b) Upward communication.
Question 3.
The newly established Technical University in Kerala wants to appoint 100 data entry operators. (MARCH-2015)
a) Suggest a suitable testto be conducted to select the candidates.
b) Justify your answer.
Answer:
a) Performance test.
b) These tests are conducted to assess the actual performance and ability to do the particular job.
Question 4.
Observe the following methods of communication (MARCH-2015)
i) Upward communication
ii) Informal communication
iii) Horizontal communication
iv) Diagonal commyfiication
a) Spot the odd orfe
b) Justify your answer.
Answer:
a) Informal communication
b) Others are methods or types of formal communication.
Question 5.
Prepare a pyramidal diagram showing Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory. (MARCH-2016)
Answer:
Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory
Question 6.
Diagrammatically present communication process involved in a telephonic conversation between X and Y. (MARCH-2017)
Answer:
Plus Two Business Studies Directing 3 Marks Important Questions
Question 1.
Put a right word in the circle in the picture given be-low. Explain the meaning of that term. (MARCH-2009)
Answer:
Directing: Directing refers to the process of instruct-ing, guiding, counselling, motivating and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives.
Question 2.
Identify the communication pattern. Also explain its feature. (MARCH-2011)
Answer:
In wheel network, all subordinates under one superior communicate through him only. The subordinates are not allowed to communicate among themselves.
Question 3.
Differentiate between formal and informal communication. (MAY-2016)
Answer:
| Formal communication | Informal communication |
| 1. Communication through the official chain of command | 1. Communication through the informal communci network. |
| 2. It is rigid | 2. It is flexible |
| 3. The messages can be kept as .records for future reference. | 3. No messages can be kept as records |
| 4. The responsibility of the sender can be fixed | 4. The responsibility of the sender cann’t be fixed |
Question 4.
Organisation keen on developing effective communication should adopt suitable measures to overcome the barriers. Suggest any six measures to overcome the barriers of communication. (MAY-2017)
Answer:
Measures to overcome barriers to communication
1) The entire problem to be communicated should be studied in depth, analysed and stated in such a mannerthat it is clearly conveyed to subordinates.
2) Communication must be according to the education and understanding levels of subordinates.
3) Before communicating.the message, it is better to consult with others.
4) The contents of the message, tone, language used, etc. are important aspects of effective communication.
5) While conveying message to others, it is better to know the interests and needs of the receiver.
6) Ensure proper feedback.
7) Manager should be a good listener.
Plus Two Business Studies Directing 4 Marks Important Questions
Question 1.
Mr.Ramesh is the newly appointed Branch Manager of a bank in the town. There are 40 employees in the branch. He is very active and enthusiastic in the duties. State any four qualities should he acquire to become a good leader.(MAY-2011)
Answer:
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Question 2.
The workers of the catering department of Akshaya Food Industries, Thrissur whole heartedly accepted Mr.Vivek, the production Manager, as their leader. Explain the qualitieswhich make Mr.Vivek, a good leader. (MAY-2012)
Answer:
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Question 3.
“It is the process of stimulating subordinates to act for accomplishing desired goals.” (MARCH-2014)
a) Identified it.
b) State its importance in business organisation.
Answer:
a) Motivation
b) Importance of Motivation
1) Motivation helps to improve performance levels of employees as well as the organisation.
2) Motivation helps to change negative attitudes of employee to positive attitudes.
3) Motivation helps to reduce employee turnover.
4) Motivation helps to reduce absenteeism in the organisation.
5) Motivation helps managers to introduce changes smoothly
Question 4.
Suppose you are appointed as Marketing Manager in S.K.Industries.State different types of communications possible here. Explain each with its requirements. (MARCH-2014)
Answer:
Formal Communication : Communication through the official chain of command is called formal communication. It flows through the scalar chain of authority. Formal communication may be of two types:
1) Vertical Communication
2) Horizontal Communication
Vertical Communication: Vertical communication flows vertically i.e., upwards or downwards through formal communication channels.
a) Downward Communication : Downward communication refers to flow of communication from a superior to subordinate. E.g. Notices, circulars, memos, reports, etc.
b) Upward Communication : It refers to flow of communication from a subordinate to superior. E.g. application for leave, submission of progress report, suggestions, complaints, etc.
Horizontal or Lateral communication : The flow of communication between persons holding position at the same level of the organisation is known as horizontal communication.
Question 5.
“Effectiveness of leadership depends upon the qualities of a leader.” Explain any four qualities of a leader. (MARCH-2015)
Answer:
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Plus Two Business Studies Directing 5 Marks Important Questions
Question 1.
‘A good communication system is necessary for effective coordination of activities. But there are cer¬tain factors which disrupt the flow of information and communication process. Discuss. (MAY-2009)
a) Briefly explain the factors which disrupt the proper flow of information and communication process.
Answer:
Barriers to Communication
1) Semantic barriers : Semantic barriers are concerned with problems and obstructions in the process of encoding and decoding of message into words or impressions. Semantic barriers are:-
a) Badly expressed message : The badly expressed messages may be an account of inadequate vocabulary, usage of wrong words, omission of needed words, etc.
b) Symbols with different meanings : People may interpret the same message differently depending upon their attitude, education, social and cultural backgrounds.
c) Faulty Translations : If the translator is not proficient with both the languages, mistakes may arise causing different meanings to the communication.
d) Technical jargon : Technical words may not be understood by the workers.
2) Psychological Barriers : Emotional or psychological factors act as barriers to communicators. Psychological barriers are:
a) Premature evaluation : People evaluate the meaning of message before the sender completes his message.
b) Lack of attention : The preoccupied mind of receiver and the resultant non-listening of message acts as a major psychological barrier.
c) Loss by transmission and poor retention : When communication passes through various levels, there is a chance of distortion of the message.
d) Distrust: Distrust between communicator and communicatee act as a barrier.
3) Organisational Barriers
Organisation’s policies, Number of levels of management, rigid rules, etc,, are the examples . of organisational barriers.
a) Organisational policy: If the organisational policy is complex, it restricts the free flow of communication.
b) Rules and regulations : Rigid Rules and regulations may be a hurdle to communication
c) Status : Status differences of people in communication chain also adversely affect the effectiveness of communication.
d) Complex organisational structure: If there are number of managerial levels, communication gets delayed and distorted.
4) Personal barriers
It includes fear of challenge to authority, lack of confidence, lack of incentives, etc.
a) Fear of challenge to authority: If a superior perceives that a particular communication may affect his authority, then he withhold such communication.
b) Lack of confidence: If superiors do not have confidence on the competency of subordinates*tPiey may not seek their advice.
c) Lack of incentives: If there is no motivation or incentive for communication, subordinates may not take initiative to communicate.
Question 2.
Biju is a newly appointed manager of Niranjan Ltd, where 40 workers are working. He is active and enthusiastic in his duties. What qualities should be possess to become a good leader. (February-2010)
Answer:
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Question 3.
The Manager of Unitech Software Solutions, Mr. Vipin found that majority of his employees are wasting their time unless somebody oversees their activities. (MARCH-2010)
a) How can the Manager solve this problem?
b) Explain the management term related to this and also explain its importance.
Answer:
a) The manager can solve the problem by appointing the supervisors.
b) 1) A good supervisor acts as a guide, friend and philosopher to the workers.
2) Supervisor acts as a link between workers and management. It helps to avoid misunderstandings and conflicts among the management and workers.
3) Supervisor provides good On the Job training to the workers and employees.
4) A supervisor with good leadership qualities can build up high morale among workers.
Question 4.
The success of an enterprise highly depends on effective leadership. (MAY-2010)
a) Do you agree with this statement?
b) State any three qualities of a good leader.
Answer:
a) Yes.
b) Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Question 5.
“All organizational facility will become unproductive in the absence of Motivated People.” Explain. (MARCH-2011)
Answer:
Importance of Motivation
1) Motivation helps to improve performance levels of employees as well as the organisation.
2) Motivation helps to change negative attitudes of employee to positive attitudes.
3) Motivation helps to reduce employee turnover.
4) Motivation helps to reduce absenteeism in the organisation.
5) Motivation helps managers to introduce changes smoothly.
Question 6.
Identify the name of the famous psychologist who developed the need hierarchy theory. Explain the theory with the help of a diagram. (MARCH-2012)
Answer:
a) Abraham Maslow
b) Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation
Abraham Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory is considered fundamental to understanding of motivation. His theory was based on human needs. Various human needs are:
1) Physiological Needs : These are the basic needs which include food, clothes, hunger, thirst,shelter, sleep and sex. If physiological needs are not satisfied, the higher level needs will not be emerged.
2) Safety/Security Needs : These needs provide security and protection from physical and emotional harm. These needs include job security, stability of income, pension plans, etc.
3) Social Needs : These needs refer to affection, sense of belongingness, acceptance and friendship. Informal organisation helps to satisfy the social needs of an individual.
4) Esteem Needs : These include factors such as self-respect, autonomy status, recognition and attention.
5) Self Actualisation Needs: It is the highest level of need in the hierarchy. Self actualisation is the need to maximise one’s potential, whatever it may be. These needs include growth, self-fulfilment and achievement of goals
Question 7.
Amal is the newly elected leader of Seven Hills School. Suggest the qualities he should have to become a good leader.(MARCH-2013)
Answer:
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Question 8.
Mr. Ram Mohan is a newly appointed MBA in the marketing Department of a firm. There are 50 7 employees under him and he is very active and enthusiastic in his duties. State the qualities should he acquire to become a good leader. (MAY-2013)
Answer:
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Question 9.
Explain briefly the various qualities to be possessed by a good leader. (MAY-2016)
Answer:
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Question 10.
Explain the term directing in the context of management.Briefly explain the salient principles of directing. (MAY-2017)
Answer:
a) Meaning : Directing refers to the process of in¬structing, guiding, counselling, motivating and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives.
b) Principles of Directing
1) Maximum Individual Contribution: This principle emphasises that directing techniques must help every individual in the organization to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organisational objectives.
2) Harmony of Objectives : The objectives of individual and organization must be in harmony with each other.
3) Unity of Command : This principle insists that a person in the organisation should receive instructions from one superior only.
4) Appropriateness of Direction Technique : According to this principle, appropriate motivational and leadership techniques should be used while directing the people.
5) Managerial Communication : Effective managerial communication across all the levels in the organisation makes direction effective.
6) Use of informal organization : Managers must make use of informal structure in the formal organisation forgetting correct and real feedback.
7) Leadership : While directing the subordinates, managers should exercise good leadership.
8) Follow through : Managers must continuously review whether the instructions are being understood and followed by the employees or not.
Plus Two Business Studies Directing 8 Marks Important Questions
Question 1.
“Incentives contribute to the performance of the employees.”(MAY-2013)
a) Do you agree with this statement?
b) Justify your view points.
c) Mention the various monetary incentives
Answer:
a) Yes
b) Financial and Non-Financial Incentives: Incentive means all measures which are used to motivate people to improve performance. These incentives maybe-
Financial Incentives: Financial incentives refer to incentives which are in direct monetary form or measurable in monetary term and serve to motivate people for better performance. Financial incentives are:
a) Pay and allowances : It includes basic pay, dearness allowances and other allowances.
b) Commission: Underthis system, a sales person is guaranteed a minimum wage as well as commission on sales. A commission plan motivates him to work better.
c) Bonus : Bonus is an incentive offered over and above the wages/salary to the employees.
d) Profit Sharing: Profit sharing is meant to provide a share to employees in the profits of the organisation.
e) Co-partnership/ Stock option : Under these incentive schemes, employees are offered company shares at a price which is lower than market price.
f) Retirement Benefits : Several retirement benefits such as provident fund,, pension, and gratuity provide financial security to employees after their retirement.
g) Perquisites: It includes car allowance housing, medical aid, and education to the children, etc., over and above the salary.
Question 2.
a) “It is a process of instructing, guiding, motivating and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives.”
Identify the definition and briefly explain the elements of it.(MARCH-2016)
1) Supervision 2) Motivation
3) Leadership 4) Communication
Answer:
Supervision : Supervision means overseeing the subordinates at work. Supervision is instructing, guiding and controlling the workforce with a view to see that they are working according to plans, policies, programmes and instructions.
Motivation: Motivation is the process of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals. Motivation depends upon satisfying needs of people. Leadership : Leadership can be defined as the process of influencing the behaviour of employees at work towards the accomplishment of organisational objectives.
Communication: Communication may be defined as an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions between two or more persons to create mutual understanding.
Question 3.
b) What do you mean by incentive? Briefly explain different types of incentives. (MARCH-2016)
Answer:
Financial and Non-Financial Incentives : Incen¬tive means all measures which are used to motivate people to improve performance. These incentives may be –
Financial Incentives : Financial incentives refer to people for better performance. Financial incentives . are:
a) Pay and allowances : It includes basic pay, dearness allowances and other allowances.
b) Commission: Urttferthis system, a sales person is guaranteed a minimum wage as well as commission on sales. A commission plan motivates him to work better.
Non-Financial Incentives: Incentives which are not measurable in terms of money are called Non-Financial Incentives. These incentives are essential forsatisfying psychological, social and emotional needs. Some of the important non-financial incentives are:
a) Status: status means ranking of positions in the organisation. Psychological, social and esteem needs of an individual are satisfied by status given to their job.
b) Organisational Climate : It includes individuals autonomy, reward orientation, consideration to employees, etc. These characteristics influence the behaviour of individuals in the organization
Question 4.
Pecuniary and non-pecuniary incentives are used to motivate employees to improve their performance. Explain the pecuniary and non-peruniary incentives used by organizations now-a-days. (MARCH-2017)
Answer:
Financial Incentives: Financial incentives refer to incentives which are in direct monetary form or measurable in monetary term and serve to motivate people for better performance. Financial incentives are:
a) Pay and allowances : It includes basic pay, dearness allowances and other allowances.
b) Commission: Underthis system, a sales person is guaranteed a minimum wage as well as commission on sales. A commission plan motivates him to work better.
c) Bonus : Bonus is an incentive offered over and above the wages/salary to the employees.
d) Profit Sharing: Profit sharing is meant to provide a share to employees in the profits of the organisation.
e) Co-partnership/ Stock option : Under these incentive schemes, employees are offered company shares at a price which is lower than market price.
f) Retirement Benefits : Several retirement benefits such as provident fund,, pension, and gratuity provide financial security to employees after their retirement.
g) Perquisites: It includes car allowance housing, medical aid, and education to the children, etc., over and above the salary.
Non-Financial Incentives: Incentives which are not measurable in Terms of money are called Non- Financial Incentives. These incentives are essential for satisfying physiological, social and emotional needs. Some of the important non-financial incentives are:
a) Status: status means ranking of positions in the organisation. Physiological, social and esteem needs of an individual are satisfied by status given to their job.
b) Organisational Climate : It includes individual autonomy, reward orientation, consideration to employees, etc. These characteristics influence the behaviour of individuals in the organization.
c) Career Advancement Opportunity: Managers should provide opportunity to employees to improve their skills and be promoted to the higher level jobs.
d) Job Enrichment: It is a method of motivating employee by making the task to be performed by him more interesting and challenging.
e) Employee Recognition Programmes : It includes Congratulating the employee for good performance, Displaying on the notice board about the achievement of employee, installing award or certificate for best performance and Distributing mementos or complimentaries etc.
f) Employee Participation : It means involving employees in decision making of the issues related to them.
Question 5.
What is leadership? What qualities should a leader possess to become a successful one? Briefly ex¬plain its different styles. (MARCH-2017)
Answer:
Leadership : Leadership can be defined as the process of influencing the behaviour of employees at work towards the accomplishment of organisational objectives.
Qualities of Good Leader
1) Physical Features : Physical features like height, weight, health, appearance determine the physical personality of a leader.
2) Knowledge: A good leader should have required knowledge and competence.
3) Honesty: A leader should possess high level of honesty.
4) Initiative : A leader should have courage and initiative.
5) Communication Skills : A leader should have the capacity to clearly explain the ideas.
6) Motivation Skills : The leader should have the ability to motivate the subordinates by satisfying their needs.
7) Self Confidence: A leader should have high level of self confidence.
Leadership Style
1) Autocratic or Authoritarian Leader : An autocratic leader gives orders and expects his subordinates to obey those orders. Here communication is only one-way with the subordinate.
2) Democratic or Participative Leader : A democratic leader encourages subordinates to participate in decision-making. They respect the other’s opinion and support subordinates to perform their duties.
3) Laissez Faire or Free-rein Leader: Here the followers are given a high degree of independence to formulate their own objectives and ways to achieve them.