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Students can Download Social Science Part 2 Chapter 6 Eyes in the Sky and Data Analysis Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, Activity in Malayalam Medium, Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Solutions helps you to revise the complete Kerala State Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
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Public Administration Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question 1.
Some of government institutions and their functions are given below. Expand the table by writing more.
Answer:
| Institutions | Functions |
| Primary health center | Provide treatment facilities |
| Krishi bhavan | Promotes agriculture |
| Police station | Maintains law and order |
| Schools | Provide learning opportunities |
| Post offices | Provide communications |
| Courts | Protecting liberties and rights |
Sslc History Chapter 3 Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
Discuss and list out the changes in the objectives of public administration in monarchy and democracy.
Answer:
| Monarchy | Democracy |
| Completely under king. | Values on the human rights, liberty and democracy |
| Law is the king | Ensures man’s liberty |
| King is last and cannot be questioned | Humans are given complete control |
| Ruler may be from selected families | All are given chances to vote and elect |
State Syllabus Class 10 Social Science Notes Pdf Question 3.
Whom do you wish to get the services of public administration? Discuss in your class and write your conclusion.
Answer:
The main aim of public administration is to ensure equality and justice to all is, especially, the deprived society. Government has taken measures for the social safety and enlistment. Crores are spent for the purpose. But corruption and political intervention are a hindrance.
Public Administration Malayalam Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
Visit a nearby Government. Office and prepare a report on the features of bureaucracy there.
Answer:
Bureaucracy is the main weapon of the government. They play various responsibilities. Employee may be highly experienced as they serve for long years. Ministers are the heads. Employees influence the decisions of the government. Though the ruling party changes, bureaucracy remains the same. Employees help the ministers in order to execute plans.
Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Notes Malayalam Medium Question 5.
Discuss and prepare a note on the changes to be brought in the administrative system.
Answer:
Use our free online relative standard deviation RSD calculator to know the standard deviation and %RSD for the given mean of data.
Social Science Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question 6.How far the Right to Information Act make the general administration system efficient. Evaluate.
Answer:
In 2005, RTI Act was passed by the parliament. To get information is the fundamental right of all citizens. The main objectives of this Act are to prevent corruption, create responsibility and make the functioning of the government transparent. The citizens will get copies of public documents if they apply for them.
Sslc History Chapter 1 Notes Pdf Kerala Syllabus Question 7.
What are the situations in our society where the Right to Information Act can be positively used? Discuss and prepare a note.
Answer:
In 2005, RTI Act was passed by the parliament. To get information is the fundamental right of all citizens. RTI Act is helpful socially, for all the subjects, quickly in our society.
Example: Waiting for the results after University Exam if delayed, RTI commission could be approached :
Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Notes Question 8.
Discuss whether the Right to Service Act is helpful for the people to get the service they should obtain from Government offices.
Answer:
The responsible employer would have to pay the penalty if he fails in his duty. So, the people can get the service from Government offices at the right time.
Hsslive Guru Social Science Kerala Syllabus Question 9.
What is the use of Ombudsman to the public? Prepare a note.
Answer:
Elected representatives and bureaucrats are part of administration. Complaints are filed against their corruptions to Ombudsman. People can directly approach Ombudsman with complaints.
Social Science 10th Kerala Syllabus Kerala Syllabus Question 10.
Can we make Government services transparent and corruption free through the above mentioned system? Conduct a debate.
Answer:
For:
Against:
Social 10th Class Notes State Syllabus Kerala Syllabus Question 1.
Explain the need of public administration in a country?
Answer:
Public administration is related to governmental administration. It is the effective way of utilizing men and materials for implementing the existing law policies and developmental projects. Primary Health Centers, Police station Krishi Bhavan, Village office, Corporation office, Election Commission, and other government organisations are all the parts of public administration.
The responsibilities of these institutions must be strictly executed for the public welfare.There must be an accurate method of public administration for all the sectors of people in our country. The following is a list of a few public administration.
Centers and their duties are given:
1. Vanitha Commission: Ensures the rights and welfare of women.
2. Election Commission: Relates with the election procedures.
3. Human Rights Commission: Protects the rights of men.
4. Village office: Ensures the primary needs of people.
10th Standard Social Science Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
How are employees selected in a public administration system?
Answer:
Certain methods are adopted in the selection of employees to the public administrative system in India. The first step is the notification through Public Service Commission of India.Through this, the vacancies in various sections of governments are made known to the public. Later, through the exam conducted on the date notified or on the basis of interviews, candidates are selected and appointed.
Civil Service began during the British rule. It came to be the Civil Service of India after Independence. All the employees who work under the central and state governments and the employees under public sector undertakings are a part of India’s Civil Service. It is divided into All India Service, Central Service and State Service. The selection procedures of employees to these are given below.
All India Service:
Central Service:
State Service:
Candidates to All India Services and Central Services are recruited by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). The chairman and members of this commission are selected by the President of India. The UPSC has elaborate mechanisms for the selection based on qualifications.
In the state level, candidates are recruited by the Public Service Commission (PSC) of the state. The governor appoints the Chairman and the member of the State Public Service Commission. UPSC and state PSCs are on the basis of constitutional provisions and can be called constitutional institutions.
Std 10 Social Science Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 3.
What are the features of bureaucracy ?
Answer:
Hierarchical organisation:
Bureaucracy is organised in such a way that there is one employee at the top and the number increases, when it reaches the lower levels. This is known as hierarchical organisation.
Permanence:
Persons appointed will continue in service till the age of retirement.
Appointment based on qualification:
Employees are recruited and appointed on the basis of educational qualification.
Political Neutrality:
Bureaucrats are liable to implement the policies of which ever party comes to power. Party interests should not reflect in their work.
Professionalism:
Every government employee must be skilled in their work.
Sslc Social Science Notes Malayalam Medium Pdf 2021 Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
Classify the bureaucracy in India and explain ?
Answer:
Kerala Public Service Commission notifies for the recruitment of employees to the government service. Then candidates are selected on the basis of competitive examinations and interviews and are appointed in different government sectors. All those appointed in this way become a part of the civil service of India.
The aim of it is to bring welfare programmers speedily to all. Now there are specific services at the central and state levels. All the employees who work under public sector undertakings are the part of India’s civil service. There are All India services, central services and state services.
10th Social Science Notes Pdf State Syllabus Question 5.
What are the measures taken for the administrative reforms in India? Prepare a note.
Answer:
Government has taken a number of steps to increase the efficiency of services and to provide service to people within a time limit. This is called as administrative reforms. It makes the administration friendly and effective. Administrative reform commissions are made at national and state levels. Here are some steps taken for the reformation in our country.
E-Governance:
The single window system for Higher Secondary education, online applications for several scholarships etc are example of E-Governance. The use of electronic technology has helped to obtain the services of government effectively in a faster way.
Right to Information:
Every citizen has the right to collect the information from any government office about its working. This is under the Right to Information Act in 2005. The efforts of Mazdoor Kiran Shakthi Samghathan of Rajasthan led to this Act. The interventions of several organisations and social activities helped in passing this Act in 2005. The Right to Information ensures the right of all citizens of India to receive information.
Information Commission:
Files documents, circulars, memos, advice or orders, agreements statistics, reports, log books, press notes, samples, models, information in the form of electronic data, e-mail etc. related to government offices belong to public departments. Information commission helps to know everything.To perform the functions under the Right to information Act, Information Commissions are constituted at National and state levels.
A chief Information Commissioner and members not more than ten are in the Information Commission. If the information given is wrong and unsatisfactory we have the right to approach the Information Commission. If the commission is convinced a fine of Rs. 250 can be imposed on the employee.
Right to Service:
This ensures service to the people. This law determines the time limit for every service given by a government office. If the deserved service is not given within the time limit the responsible employee should pay fine. As per the Right to Service, an officer is appointed to give proper guidance and help to the applicants.
Lokpal and Lokayuktha:
These are the institutions to prevent corruption at administrative, bureaucratic and political levels. Lokpal has the power to register cases on issues of corruption against public workers and then suggest necessary actions. Lokayuktha hears the corruption cases at the state level. Both follow judicial procedures.
Central Vigilance Commission:
This is constituted at the national level to prevent corruption. It came in to force in 1964. It was formed to prevent corruption at central government offices.
Ombudsman:
Complaints of corruption against the elected representatives and bureaucrats who are a part of public administration are filed to ombudsman. A retired Judge of the High Court is appointed as Ombudsman. People can directly approach the Ombudsman with complaints.
He has the power to summon anyone on receiving the complaints, can order inquiry and recommend actions. Ombudsman began in the banking sector to hear the complaints of clients and rectify them.These actions recommended for the welfare of people as a part of administration maintains the public administration more trans parent.
Question 6.
How is E-Governance helpful to the public?
Answer:
Question 7.
Right to Information and Right to Service help to make public administration popular. Substantiate this statement.
Answer:
We can collect information from any government office about its working. People got this opportunity under the right to information act, 2005. This ensures the right of all citizens of India to receive information. The main objectives of this act are to prevent corruption, create responsibility and make the functioning of government transparent.
The citizens will get copies of public documents if they apply for them. Right to Service act is a law which ensures services to the public. As per the Right to Service Act, an officer is appointed in every government office to give guidance and proper help to the applicants. That is Right to Information and Right to Service helps to make public administration popular.
Question 8.
List out the steps taken to prevent corruption in India.
Answer:
1. Lokpal and Lokayuktha
2. Central vigilance commission
3. Ombudsman.
Question 1.
Prepare an application for getting information from an office under the Right to Information Act.
Answer:
From
Madhavan
Mahal Nivas
Ollavanna
To
Secretary
Grama Panchayath
Ollavanna
Based on RTI Act of 2005
Sir,
Sub: Amount spent for the electrification of houses for schedule tribes in the year 2015-16.
Could you kindly give details about how many applicants there were and how many money was spent in previous years. Expecting the reply within 15 days.
Ollavanna — Madhava
25/08/19 — sd/-
Question 2.
Prepare a chart o the importance of All India Services.
Answer:
All the employees who work under the central and the state governments and the employees under the public sector under takings are part of India’s civil service. India’s civil service classification as All India Service, Central Service ans State Service.
All India Service.
Recruits at National level.
Appoints in the central or state service.
The UPSC has elaborate mechanisms for the recruitment of candidates based on qualification.
e.g., Indian Administrative Service.
Indian Foreign Service.
Indian Police Service.
Question 3.
Prepare a questionnaire to conduct an interview with the District Collector.
Answer:
Interview with kozhikode District Collector.
Sir, could you please share with me the inspiration behind your selection this position?
What were the changes you have thought to bring in Kozhikode before becoming the District Collector?
Sir, even in the presence of Lokpal, Lokayuktha, Central Vigilance Commission, Ombudsman being launched against corruption still corruption exists in Kerala. Don’t you long for a change ? How do you react as a district collector?
Sir, hope you have noted that vegetables from Tamil Nadu were sold less here in the Onam season. Do you expect the same for Vishu? As a District Collector, what all steps would you take to improve the agriculture sector of Kerala?
Though Kerala has developed in the educational field, the number of suicidal attempts have also increased. A change in our educational system is unavoidable. Sir, what all changes could be made possible?
Sir, M. C. Noufal was arrested here in Kozhikode for raping a woman from Bangladesh. Though many were arrested they were refused saved. Let me ask you sir with due respect, don’t you long for a change in the system of punishment here ?
Question 1.
List out the changes and objectives of public Administrative in monarchy and democracy.
Monarchy – The interest of the Monarch were the basis of public administration.
Democracy –
Answer:
Democracy – Importance is given to the interests of the people.
Question 2.
Complete the diagram showing the importance of public administration
Answer:
Question 3.
Some features of public administration are given in column A. Find out the definitions of each one of them in column B.
i. Hierarchical Organisation – one employee at the top and the number increases when it reaches the lower levels.
ii. Permanence- i
iii.Appointment on the Basic of qualification- iii
iv. Political Neutrality – iii.
x Professionalism – iv
Answer:
i. Permanence – Persons appointed will continue in service till the age of retirement.
ii. Appointment on the basis of qualification- Employees are recruited and appointed on the basis of educational qualification.
iii. Political Neutrality – Bureaucrats are liable to implement the policies of which ever party comes to power. Party inters ts should not reflect in their work. They should act neutrally.
iv. Professionalism – Every government employee must be skilled in their work.
Question 4.
Find out the functions of the following constitutional institutions.
1. State public service commission.
2. Union Public Service Commission.
Answer:
1. State Public Service Commission – At the state level, candidates are recruited by the public service commission of the state.
2. Union Public Service Commission- Candidates to all India services and central services are recruited by the Indian Public service commission.
Question 5.
Complete the short showing the classification of India’s Civil Service.
All India Service
Central Service
State Service
Answer:
All India Service: Recruits at national level, Appoints in the central or state service.
Eg: Indian Administrative Service, Indian Police.
Central Service : Recruits at national level, Appoints in central government departments only.
Eg: Indian foreign service, Indian Railway Service.
State Service: Recruits at state level, Appoints in state government departments only.
Eg: Sales Tax Officer
Question 6.
Find out and list the benefits of E – Governance to Public.
Need not to wait in government offices for services.
Answer:
Question 7.
Prepare a sample applications of Right to Information Act 2005
Answer:
From
Smitha Vijayan
DeviVihar
Arppookara
To
Secretary
Grama panchayath
Arpookara
Sir,
I request you to furnish information regarding the following questions under the right to information act 2005.
Question 8.
Lokpal, and Lokayukta are institutions constituted to prevent corruption at administrative, bureacrative and political level, find out the features and complete the chart.
Answer:
| Lokpal | Lokayukta |
| The institution constituted at national level to prevent corruption is called Lokpal. | Lokayukta is the institution constituted at the state level to hear the corruption cases. |
| Lokpal has the power to register cases on issues of corruption against employees and pub lie workers and can suggest necessary actions. | Follow judicial Procedures. |
Question 9.
Right to service Act is a law which ensures services to the people. Find out and list the treasures of Right to service Act. This law determines the time limit for every service given by a government office.
Answer:
Question 10.
Compare and the list out central vigilance commission and state vigilance commission.
Answer:
Central Vigilance Commission :
The Central Vigilance Commission constituted at national level to prevent Corruption, Central Vigilance Commission, it came into effect into 1964, Formed to prevent corruption in central government offices, in every department there will be a chief vigilance officer.
State Vigilance Commission :
Constituted at State level to prevent corruption, Inquires in to corruption in the state government offices.
Question 11.
Complete the diagram of administrative reform measures adopted by the government.
Answer:
12. Complete the concept map given below.
Answer:
Question 1.
‘Public Administration is about Governmental Administration’ on the basis of Gladden’s definition examine the features of public administration.
Answer:
From the definition of Gladden we can under stand that the important area of public administration is governmental administration. Public administration is the effective utilization of men and materials for the implementation of existing laws, governmental policies, programmer and developmental projects. Government try to find the solutions to various problems and ensure the welfare of the people through public administration.
Significance of Public administration.
Question 2.
Explain Gandhiji’s vision on public administration.
Answer:
Gandhiji expected the protection of the interests of all through public administration. But there are a number of persons in our society who require special consideration and protection. Fie opined that public administration should consider them specially and protect them. Gandhiji’s concept of Grama Swaraj influenced India’s outlook of public administration to a great extent.
Question 3.
Define Bureaucracy. Examine the features of Bureaucracy?
Answer:
The employees who work under public administrative system are together known as Bureaucracy.
Features of Bureaucracy:
Hierarchical Organisation:
Bureaucracy is organised in such a way that there is one employee at the top and the number increases when it reaches the lower levels. This is known as Hierarchical organisation.
Permanance:
Persons appointed will continue in service till the age of retirement. Appointment on the basis of qualification Employees are recruited and appointed on the basis of educational qualification.
Political Neutrality:
Bureaucrats are liable to implement the policies of whichever party comes to power. Party interests should not reflect in their work.They should act neutrally.
Professionalism:
Every Government employee must be skilled in their work.
Question 4.
Name of the feature of bureaucracy which intercepts quick decisions.
a. Political Neutrality.
b.Professionalism.
c. Permanence.
d. Hierarchical organisation.
Answer:.
Hierarchical Organisation.
Question 5.
The Rajasthan based organisation paved the way for the legislation of right to Information Act.
a. Narmada Bachao Andolan.
b. Swabhimana Prasthanam
c. Mazdoor Kisan sakthi Sangathan.
d. Bharatiya Kissan Union.
Answer:
Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan.
Question 6.
Write a short note on the functions of central and state information commission.
Answer:
To perform the functions under the right to information act, Information Commissions are constituted at national and state levels.
Question 7.
State level organisation to prevent corruption at administrative, bureaucratize and political levels
a. Lokpal b. Lokayuktha
c. Central Vigilance Commission d Child rights commission
Answer:
Lokyukta
Question 8.
Match the items of column A with B
| A | B |
| 1. All India Service | i. Sales Tax Officer |
| 2.Central Service | ii. Indian Police Service |
| 3.State Service | iii.Indian Railway Service |
Answer:
1-ii,
2-iii,
3-i.
Question 9.
The Institution constituted at the national level to prevent corruption in 1964
a. NitiAyog.
b. Administrative Tribunal.
c. Central Information Commission.
d. Central Vigilance Commission.
Answer:
Central Vigilance Commission.
Question 10.
UPSC and PSC are caused constitutional institutions why?
Answer:
UPSC( Union Public Service Commission) and state PSC are constituted on the basic of constitutional provisions.So they are called constitutional institutions.
Question 11.
Define E-Governance and write down two examples of E – Governance.
Answer:
E- governance is the use of electronic technology in administration . This help to obtain government services easily in a speedy manner. The single window system for admission to higher secondary courses, Online applications for various scholarships etc are exam pies for E- governance.
Question 12.
Explain different administrative reforms adopted by government for increasing the affiance of service.
Answer:
information Commission:
To perform the functions under the right to information act, In formation Commissions are constituted at the national and state levels. There will be a chief Information commission and not more than ten members in the Information Com mission.
Central Vigilance Commission:
The Central Vigilance Commission is the institution constituted at the national level to prevent corruption. It came into effect in 1964. It is formed to prevent corruption in the central government offices.The Central Vigilance Commissioner is the head of the Central Vigilance Commission.
Lokpal and Lokayuktha:
Lokpal and lokayuktha are institutions constituted to prevent corruption at administrative, bureaucratic and political levels, the institution constituted at the national level to prevent corruption is lokpal.
Lokpal has the power to register cases on issues of corruption against employees and public workers and can suggest necessary actions. Lokayukta is the institution constituted at the state level to hear the corruption cases.
Ombudsman:
Elected representatives and bureaucrats are part of public administration. Complaints can be filed against their corruption,nepotism or financial misappropriation or negligence of duties. Ombudsman is constituted for this purpose.
Question 1.
Pick out any two public administration institutions and write about their functions.
Answer:
| Institution | Functions |
| a. Krishi Bhavan | Promotes agriculture |
| b. Police Station | Maintains law and order |
| c. Primary health center | Provides treatment for illness |
Question 2.
What are the differences found in the public administration under monarchy and democracy?
Answer:
Question 3.
Explain the importance of public administration.
Answer:
Question 4.
Explain the importance of bureaucracy in public administration.
Answer:
Question 5.
What is meant by hierarchical organisation and permanence of bureaucracy.
Answer:
Question 6.
Prepare a note on civil service in India.
Answer:
Question 7.
Why PSC and UPSC are called as constitutional institutions?
Answer:
UPSC and PSC are constituted on the basis of constitutional provisions. So they are cal led as constitutional institutions.
Question 8.
Find out the factors that adversely affect the efficiency of public administration.
Answer:
Question 9.
Write a brief note on e-Governance implemented as part of administrative reforms?
Answer:
Question 10.
A road constructed before six months in your place is damaged now. You became aware that there is some corruption, Prepare an application under Right to Information Act addressing panchayat secretary to get the details of it.
Answer:
To Prepare an application under the RTI Act.
Question 11.
What are the benefits attained by society as a result of formulation of the Right to Information Act.
Answer:
Question 12.
Explain the structure of Information Commission?
Answer:
Question 13.
How the Right to Service Act is helpful to people?
Answer:
Question 14.
Differentiate the functioning of Lokpal and Lokayuktha?
Answer:
Lokpal:
Lokayuktha :
Question 15.
From the following select the statement appropriate to central vigilance commission and state vigilance commission?
a. Esquires about corruption in state government offices.
b. Institution to prevent corruption at national level.
Answer:
a. State vigilance commission .
b. Central vigilance commission
Question 16.
How the functioning of Ombudsman helps the public to prevent corruption.
Answer:
Question 17.
Compare and list the different levels of civil services in India.
Answer:
Question 18.
What is considered as corruption by modern society?
Answer:
Question 1.
The chairman and the members of this commission are appointed by
Answer:
The president of India
NSUI full form stands for National Students’ Union of India that is a student wing of famous politician Indian National Congress party.
Question 2.
What is the full form of U. P. S.C ?
Answer:
Union Public Service Commission.
Question 3.
In which year Central Vigilance Commission come into effect ?
Answer:
1964
Question 4.
Write a note on Akshaya Center and E-literacy.
Answer:
For the benefit of people, Akshaya centers have been constituted to make use of Government service delivered through E – governance. It also aims at making people E-literate. E – literacy is the awareness about basic information about technology.
Question 5.
Prepare a seminar report on the importance of public administration.
Answer:
Without public administration, the government cannot operate and manage activities effectively and efficiently. The administration plays a vital role for delivering and distributing the public services to all comers of the country.
Administration spreads all over the country for supplying the governmental and public goods and services up to the villages and door to door. The administration is not operating and managing the activities properly and smoothly in developing countries. The scopes of administration shows the importance of public administration.
Following are the importance of Public Administration:
Management of Public Service, Distribution Social Change, Disaster Management, Population Control, Preservation of Human Right, Management of Industrial Relationship, Internal and External attached Economic Development. These points show that the administration is used all over the sections of the country.
Question 6.
Write a note on Administrative Tribunal.
Answer:
Actions are taken by various government departments against the government officials. The Administrative Tribunal is the institution where the employees can lodge their complaints against such actions. ”
Question 7.
The famous western administrative thinker Gladden says “ Public administration is concerned with an administration of the government”. On the basis of this definition, explain the relationship between Public administration and the government.
Answer:
From this definition we can understand that the important area of public administration is governmental administration. Public administration is the effective utilization of men and materials for the implementation of existing laws, governmental policies, programmers and developmental projects and the government has constituted a number of institutions for this purpose. All these governmental institutions are part of public administration. They function for the welfare of the people.
An administrative system is needed for governments to exist and function. The history of public administration begins with the formation of state. Based on differences in the form of government we can find differences in public administration also. In a monarchy, the interests of the monarch was the basis of public administration. But in a democratic system, importance is given to the interests of the people. Democratic administration becomes more effective and efficient through public administration.
Students can Download Social Science Part 1 Chapter 4 British Exploitation and Resistance Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, Activity in Malayalam Medium, Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Solutions helps you to revise the complete Kerala State Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
You can Download Seasons and Time Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Solutions Part 2 Chapter 1 help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
Sslc Geography Chapter 1 Question Answer Kerala Syllabus Question 1.
You have learnt that there is periodic variation in the amount of sunshine over different places in both the hemispheres of the earth. Why?
Answer:
Variations in the amount of sunshine received are the basis for the occurrence of different seasons. The earth’s revolution and the tilt of the axis are the reasons for this variation.
Season And Time Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
How much time does the earth take to complete one revolution ?
Answer:
365 1/4 days
Seasons And Time Sslc Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 3.
What is a leap year ?
Answer:
To complete one revolution, the earth takes 365 1/4 days. But a year normally has 365 days. The remaining 1/4 part of a day will be considered as a full day one in every fair year. Thus every fourth year has 366 days and is called a leap year. Thus in every fourth year February has 29 days.
Seasons And Time Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
Seasons are not distinctly felt in Kerala. Why?
Answer:
Kerala is a place located near the equator since Kerala receives high amount of sunlight in every year. In such regions seasons are not distinctly felt.
Seasons And Time Class 10 In English Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 5.
What is the peculiarity of the day and the night in the Southern Hemisphere on 21 June?
Answer:
On June 21 the Southern hemisphere experiences its longest night and shortest day.
Seasons And Time Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 6.
What are the changes observed in nature during the summer season?
Answer:
Sslc Geography Time Calculation Questions Kerala Syllabus Question 7.
What is the peculiarity of the day and the night in the Southern Hemisphere on 22 December?
Answer:
Longest day and shortest night.
Season And Time Class 10 Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 8.
What is the season in the Southern Hemi-sphere, when it is autumn in the Northern Hemisphere?
Answer:
Spring
Time Calculation Questions In Geography Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question 9.
What are the peculiarities of winter season ?
Answer:
We feel many variations in the winter season than other seasons such as long nights, short days, cold weather, cold wind, snow fall, winter storms, cold rains, thick fog, frost, very low temperature, etc.
Season And Time Class 10 Textbook Pdf Kerala Syllabus Question 10.
What is the change that occurs in the duration of day in the Southern Hemisphere during ‘Dakshinayanam’?
Answer:
The duration of day in the southern hemi-sphere gradually increases during this period.
Sslc Geography Chapter 1 Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 11.
What is the duration of day and night in the south polar regions, when the Sun is respectively over the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere?
Answer:
During the period from March to September, as the Sun is in the Northern Hemisphere, the south polar regions experience continuous night for six months.
During the remaining period, that is from September to March, as the Sun is in the Southern Hemisphere south polar regions experience continuous day light for six months.
Seasons And Time Class 10 In English Medium Kerala Syllabus Question 12.
Is the local time in all the Indian states the same ?
Answer:
No, The time estimated at each place based on the apex position of the sun is termed as the local time.
Seasons And Time Class 10 Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 13.
What will be the hardships if there are several local times in a country?
Answer:
Cannot prepare a railway time table applicable throughout the country.
10th Geography Chapter 1 Seasons And Time Kerala Syllabus Question 14.
The people of which Indian states sees the sun first ?
Answer:
Arunachal Pradesh.
Sslc Geography Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 15.
What would be the longitudinal extent of each time zone ?
Answer:
15°
Hsslive 10th Social Science Kerala Syllabus Question 16.
Find the difference between the Indian Standard Time and the Greenwich Mean Time.
Answer:
The 82 1/2 °E longitude which passes almost through the middle of these longitudes has been fixed as the standard meridian of India. The time difference between Indian Standard Time and Greenich Mean Time is 5 1/2 hours ahead.
Hss Live Guru 10th Geography Kerala Syllabus Question 17.
Calculate the time at each 15° longitude east and west of the Greenwich Line up to 180° longitude and complete the table.
Sslc History Chapter 1 Notes Pdf Kerala Syllabus Question 18.
Which day would it be for those residing at place ‘A’ in given Fig.
Answer:
If 180° longitude passes through the country A, the places situated East and West of this line will be having two different days. Think about the practical difficulties caused by this. To avoid this, certain necessary adjustments have been effected in this line with the result that it doesn’t pass through the corresponding land areas. Note the longitude marked with broken lines.
The line is in such a way that it passes through Bering – strait in Pacific Ocean and avoid some of the inhabited islands. The travelers who cross this line from the West calculate the time by advancing it by one day and those who cross the line from the west deduct one day. This imaginary line is known as the International Date Line. A can cross this line from the West calculate the time by advancing it by one day, take it as Friday.
Sslc Geography Chapter 1 Kerala Syllabus Question 19.
Note the International Date Line marked on the globe. Identify the continents situated to the east and the west of this line. The travelers to which of these continents will gain one day on crossing the International Date Line?
Answer:
The continents situated to the west of the international Date Line are Asia and Australia. North America and South America lie to, the east of the International Date Line. The travelers who cross International Date Line and go to North America and South America will gain one day.
Question 1.
Identify the factor responsible for the occurrence of seasons from among the following.
a. Rotation of the Earth
b. Tilt of the Earth’s axis
c. Parallelism of the Earth’s axis
d. All the above.
Answer:
Tilt of the Earth’s axis.
Question 2.
The sun’s rays fall vertically between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn. Why?
Answer:
Earth maintains its parallelism throughout the revolution, the position of the sun in relation to the earth varies. The sun shifts apparently between Tropic of Cancer (23 1/2 °N) and Tropic of Capricorn (23 1/2 °S).
Question 3.
Highlight the importance of March 21, June 21, September 23 and December 22.
Answer:
On 21st March, the sun rays are overhead the equator, 0°. So the days and nights are of equal duration, namely 12 hours at all places on the earth. This is called equinoxes. On June 21st, sun appears overhead at the tropic of cancer. This is called summer solstice, and it makes the summer season in the Northern Hemi-sphere.
On September 23rd, the sun is overhead at the equator and experiences equinoxes that means equal days and nights. On 22nd December, the sun continues its apparent movement from the equator to the Southern Hemisphere and reaches vertically above the tropic of capricon. This is called winter solstice.
Question 4.
Why there is an eastward increase and west-ward decrease in time?
Answer:
The earth rotates from west to east. So, the sun rise first in the Eastern longitude. We calculate time by considering the time when sun reaches the highest point in the sky as 12’0 clock. So when we consider Greenwich line as the base line for time, it becomes noon early in the Eastern longitudes.That is why eastern longitudes feel the time is getting increased. But in western longitudes noon will be after the noon in Greenwich.
Question 1.
Observe the picture and complete the following table.
Answer:
Question 2.
Complete the following table.
Answer:
Question 3.
Answer the following Questions. World Time Calculation
1. The time required for the earth to complete one rotation
a. In Hours
b. In Minutes
Answer:
24 hours, 1440 minutes
2. What is angular distance of the earth when it complete one rotation ?
Answer:
360°
3. The time required for the earth to turn one degree is
Answer:
4 minutes
4. What is the change in time when we move towards west or east from a degree of longitude?
Answer:
More time is taken towards east and less time towards west.
5. a. Is there any particular longitude based on which the time is calculated world wide?
b. If yes, Name the longitude
c. By what name this longitude is known when it is used to calculate the time worldwide?
Answer:
a. Yes,
b. Greenwich longitude
c. Prime Meridian
6. What is meant by the standard meridian?
Answer:
Each country in the world considers the longitude that passes almost through its middle as the standard meridian.
7. Which is the standard meridian of India.
Answer:
83°30 E
8. What is the time difference between Indian Standard Time and Greenwich Mean Time?
Answer:
5 hours 30 minutes
9. The International Date Line is not a straight line Why.
Answer:
Other lines of longitudes are straight lines. But International Date line is not a straight line. The international dateline passes through the Pacific ocean. It deviates from the 180° longitudes where it crosses land in order to keep all the lands under one administration on one side of the dateline. The Dateline deviates. Eastwards in the Bering straits between Australia and Siberia. The line deviates west-wards of 180° longitude. Further south, the date line deviates eastwards of 180° around Fiji, Toga islands.
Question 4.
Complete the following Table.
Answer:
Question 1.
Explain the reason for the occurrence of seasons.
Answer:
Variations in the amount of sunshine received are the basis for the occurrence of different seasons. The earths revolution and the tilt of the axis are the
reasons for this variation.
Question 2.
What is meant by the parallelism of axis?
Answer:
The axis of the earth is tilted at an angle of 66 1/2 from the orbital plane. If measured from the vertical plane this would be 23 1/2.The earth maintains this tilt throughout its revolution. This is known as parallelism of earth’s axis.
Question 3.
Define the term equinoxes.
Answer:
The apparent position of the sun during the earth’s revolution will be over the equator on March 21 and September 23. Hence the length of the day and night will be equal during these days on both the hemispheres.These days are called equinoxes.
Question 4.
What is leap year?
Answer:
To complete one revolution, the earth takes 365 1/4 days. But a year normally has 365 days. The remaining 1/4 part of a day will be considered as a full day one in every fair year. Thus every fourth year has 366 days and is called a leap year. Thus in every fourth year February has 29 days.
Question 5.
How is the duration of days and nights experienced at the places with in the Antarctic circle when the sun is in the southern hemisphere?
Answer:
lt will be six months of days throughout in the places within the Antarctic circle.
Question 6.
The local time is not same everywhere in India. Substantiate.
Answer:
In the ancient period, time was calculated based on the apex position of the sun and the length of the shadow cast by it. When the sun is vertically overhead, it is noon. The time estimated at each place, based on the position of the sun, is termed as the local time. In a vast country like India there are many longitudinal. Hence the standard time will be different. There is a difference of 2 hours in time between the states Arunachal Pradesh which is in the eastern part of India and Gujarat which is in the western part of India.
Question 7.
India has only one standard meridian but many other countries have more than one standard meridian. How do you interest this statement?
Answer:
It is not practical to follow only one standard time for the countries with wide longitudinal extent. So more than one longitudes are considered as standard meridians.
Eg: Russia, China, USA
Question 8.
What will be the time a New Delhi when it is noon at Greenwich?
Answer:
When it is 12 noon in Greenwich, it will be morning 6.30 in Delhi.
Question 9.
Distinguish between winter solstice and summer solstice.
Answer:
The apparent position of the sun shifts from the equator to the northern hemisphere from March 21 to June 21 .The sun will be vertically above the Tropic of Cancer on June 21. This day is known as summer solstice. The sun continues its apparent movement from the equator to the southern hemisphere and reaches vertically above the Tropic of Capricon on December 22. This day is known as Winter solstice.
Question 10.
Variation in the amount sunshine received is the basis of the occurrence of different sea¬son. Elucidate
Answer:
Variations in the amount of sunshine received are the basis for the occurrence of different seasons. The apparent position of the sun during the earth’s revolution will be over the equator on March 21 and September 23. Hence the length of day and night will be equal during these days on both the hemispheres. These days are called Equinoxes.
The apparent position of the sun shifts from the equator to the northern hemisphere from March 21 to June 21. The sun will be vertically above the tropic of cancer on June 21. This day is known as Summer solstice. lt has the longest day in northern hemisphere and the longest night in southern hemisphere. From June 21 onward, the sun shifts from the tropic of cancer towards the equator and reaches vertically over the equator on September 23.As the sun is in the northern hemisphere from March to September,it will be summer in the northern hemisphere.
The sun continues its apparent movement from the equator to the southern atmosphere and reaches vertically above the Tropic of Capricorn on December 22. This day is known as Winter solstice. During the period from September to March, it will be winter in the northern atmosphere and summer in the southern atmosphere.
Question 1.
The earth travels around the sun along an elliptical orbit.
a. By what name is this movement known?
b. Mention the time taken by the earth to complete one turn round the sun?
c. The amount of solar energy received is not uniform at any place on the earth during this journey. Why?
Answer:
a. Revolution
b. 365 days and 6 hours
c. Change in the apparent position of the sun due to the inclination and parallelism of the earth’s axis.
Question 2.
A year generally comprises 365 days. But in certain occasions it consists of 366 days. Mention the name by which such years are known? Explain how 366 days are included in such years.
Answer:
Leap year:
The earth takes 365 days and 6 hours to complete one revolution. 365 days are included in a normal year and by adding the rest 6 hours together one additional day is included in the fourth year which is in February (29 days).
Question 3.
Observe the answers given by 2 students based on the inclination of eart’s axis and evaluate.
Answer:
The axis of the earth is inclined to 661/2° from the plane of the orbit and it is 23 1/2 ° from the vertical to the plane of orbit
Question 4.
the parallelism of earth’s axis. Identify the correct ones?
a. A and B
b. B only
c. C and D
d.A and D
Answer:
b. B only
Question 5.
One among the following statements is wrong. Identify the wrong answer and make necessary correction.
a. The duration of day in the northern hemisphere increases from 21 March to 21 June.
b. The duration of night in the northern hemisphere increases from 21 March to 21 June.
c. The duration of day decreases in the northern hemisphere from 21 June to 23 September.
d. The duration of night in the southern hemisphere increases from 21 June to 23 September.
Answer:
Question 6.
What is the peculiarity of the duration of day and night in both the hemispheres on 21 March, 21 June, 23 September and 22 December?
Hints:
‘Apparent position of the sun
(i) The duration of day and night in both the hemispheres
(ii) The names by which this days are known.
Answer:
21 March – The sun comes vertically over head at the Equator – The duration of day and night are equal on both the hemisph-eres- Equinox
21 June – The sun is vertically overhead at the Tropic of cancer – The longest day in the northern hemisphere and longest ni ght in the southern hemisphere – Summer solstice
23 September – The sun comes vertically overhead at the equator – The duration of day and night are equal on both the hem-ispheres- Equinox
22 December -The sun is vertically over head at the tropic of Capricorn – The long-est day in the southern hemisphere and longest night in the northern hemisphere – Winter solstice
Question 7.
Analyse the diagrams and complete the table below.
Answer:
a. Tropic of Capricorn
b. Tropic of cancer
c. Shortest night
d. Longest night
e. Longest night
f. Shortest night
g. Winter solstice
h. Summer solstice
Question 8.
The time of sunset varies over different months. Why?
Answer:
When the sun is over the northern hemisphere northern hemisphere, experiences longer days and shorter nights. When the sun is over, the southern hemisphere, the northern hemisphere experience shorter days and longer nights. This causes variations in the time of sunrise and sunset.
Question 9.
The seasons experiencing in the northern hemisphere are given in the table. Write do¬wn the corresponding seasons in the southern hemisphere.
| Months | Seasons | |
| A. | 22 December to 21 March | Winter |
| B. | 21 March to 21 June | Spring |
| C. | 21 June to 23 September | Summer |
| D. | 23 September to 22 December | Autumn |
Answer:
Question 10.
The following are the hints related to certain seasons. Identify each season.
a. Transition season between winter and summer
b. Transition season between summer and winter
Answer:
a. Spring
b. Autumn
Question 11.
Following are a few natural phenomena occurring in different seasons in India. Identify the season represented by each.
a. Sprouting and blooming of plants and trees
b. Trees shed their leaves.
c. Drying of reservoirs.
d Dry atmosphere and low temperature.
Answer:
a. Spring
b. Autumn
c. Summer
d. Winter
Question 12.
Each degree of longitude corresponds to four minutes of time. How can we arrive at this fact?
Answer:
Question 13.
The world is divided in to 24 time zones.
a. What is the longitudinal extent of each of these time zone?
b. What is the time difference within a time zone?
Answer:
a. 15°
b. 1 hour
Question 14.
There is an increase in time towards the east and decrease in time towards the west of ail the longitudes other than 180° longitude. Why?
Answer:
Question 15.
Explain the significance of Greenwich meridian and International date line in determining time.
Answer:
Question 16.
Every country considers a particular longitude as their standard meridian for determining time. Why?
Answer:
The local time is different at different longitudes. If the same country follows different time, this may create a lot of confusions and problems. So the longitude passing almost through the middle of the country is considered as the standard meridian. The local time at this longitude is considered as the standard Time.
Question 17.
Why do certain countries consider more than one longitude as their standard meridians? Give an example for such a country.
Answer:
It is not practical to follow only one standard time for the countries with wide longitudinal extent. So more than one longitudes are considered as standard meridians.
Eg: Russia, China, USA
Question 18.
What is the standard meridian of India?
Answer:
8214° East longitude
Question 19.
The standard meridian of India is 82‘/2° East longitude. Why do India consider this longitude as the standard meridian?
Answer:
82 1/2 ° East longitude passes almost through the middle of the country.
Question 20.
Which among the following longitudes is drawn deviated to avoid the land areas?
a. Equator
b. Greenwich meridian
c. International date line d 82/2° East longitude
Answer:
c. International date line
Question 21.
Why is International date line drawn deviated from the land areas?
Answer:
Question 22.
What is the Greenwich Mean Time when the Indian Standard time is 2 pm on Mon¬day?
Answer:
8.30 am on Monday (2 pm – 5 hrs. 30 min = 8.30 am)
Question 23.
Determine the local time at 45° East and at 45° West longitude when the Greenwich Mean Time is 10 am Wednesday.
Answer:
45° East- 1 pm Wednesday
\(\left(\frac{45}{15}=3 \text { hrs, } 10 \mathrm{am}+3 \mathrm{hr}=1 \mathrm{pm}\right)\)
45° West- 7 am Wednesday
\(\left(\frac{45}{15}=3 \text { hrs, } 10 a m-3 h r=7 a m\right)\)
Question 1.
What is revolution?
Answer:
The earth revolves around the sun in elliptical orbit. This motion is known as revolution.
Question 2.
What is rotation ?
Answer:
The earth rotates its own axis is known as rotation.
Question 3.
What is the tilt of the earth?
Answer:
23 1/2°
Question 4.
How much time does the earth take to complete one rotation ?
Answer:
24 hrs.
Question 5.
Why the amount of solar energy received on earth is different ?
Answer:
Due to the apparent movement of the sun.
Question 6.
What is the amount of sunlight received in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere when the sun is vertically over the equator ?
Answer:
Equal amount of sunlight.
Question 7.
What is parallelism of the earth’s axis ?
Answer:
The axis of the earth is tilled at an angle of 66 1/2 from the orbital plane. If measured from the vertical plane this would be 23 1/2°The earth maintains this tilt throughout its revolution. This is known as the parallelism of the earth’s axis.
Question 8.
What do you mean by apparent movement of the sun ?
Answer:
Since the earth maintains its parallelism throughout the revolution, the position of the sun is in relation to the earth varies. The sum shifts apparently between Tropic of Cancer (23 1/2 °North) and Tropic of Capricorn (23 1/2 °South). This is known as the apparent movement of the sun.
Question 9.
What is the main reason for the occurrence of seasons ?
Answer:
The apparent movement of the sun due to the inclination of axis is the main reason for the occurrence of seasons.
Question 10.
How did the term equinoxes and solstices derived ?
Answer:
The word equinox is derived from the Greek words equi and noxe. ‘Equi’ means equal and ‘noxe’ means night. The word solstices derived from the Greek words sol and stic. Sol means sun and stic means stationary state.
Question 11.
What is equinoxes?
Answer:
When sum is over head over the equator on March 21 and September 23, the length of the day and night will be equal on both the hemisphere. These days are called equinoxes.
Question 12.
What do you mean by Summer solstice? How does it affect Northern and Southern Hemisphere?
Answer:
The apparent position of the sun shifts from the equator to the Northern Hemisphere from March 21 to June 21. The sun will be vertically above the Tropic of Cancer on June 21. This day, known as summer solstice. As a result of summer solstice, Northern hemisphere will have longest day and longest night in the Southern hemisphere.
Question 13.
Name the parallels marked in the following diagram.
0° — Equator
23 1/2 °N — Tropic of Cancer
23 1/2 °S — Tropic of Capricorn
66 1/2°N — Arctic circle
66 1/2 °S — Antarctic circle
90°N — North pole
90° S — South pole
Question 14.
What will be season in Northern and Southern hemisphere from September to March ?
Answer:
Question 15.
The seasons are not same in the two hemisphere. What are the reasons for this ?
Answer:
Revolution of the earth, rotation of the earth, tilt of the axis and inclination of the axis in the same direction.
Question 16.
Compare Rotation and Revolution, equinoxes and solstice ?
| Rotation | Revolution |
| Movement of the earth on it’s own axis. | Movement of the earth around the sun. |
| It takes 24 hrs to complete one rotation | It takes 365 days and 6 hrs to complete one revolution |
| It causes day and night | It causes changes in seasons. |
| Equinox | Solstice |
| Sum comes vertically over the equator. | Sum comes vertically over the Tropic of Cancer or Tropic of Capricorn. |
| It occurs on March 21 and September 23 | It occurs on June 21 and December 22 |
| It results in equal days and nights. | Leads in differences of the duration of day and night. |
Question 17.
What will happen if the earth stops rotation?
Answer:
The regular occurrence of day and night will | not be possible. The side of the earth which j for as the sun always feel day and the other | side always will have night. If the earth stops j rotation, it will become an unsuitable planet j to sustain life.
Question 18.
What will happen if the axis of the earth be-comes vertically ?
Answer:
The length of the days and night all over the earth would be equal.
Question 19.
What will be the complications if there are several local times in a country ?
Answer:
You can Download The Happiness Machine Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Solutions Unit 5 Chapter 1 help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
The Happiness Machine Questions Answers Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 1.
What according to Huffman is the novel invention?
Answer:
The novel invention is “The Happiness Machine”.
The Happiness Machine Summary Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 2.
What was the perplexing question forming in his mind?
Answer:
The perplexing question forming in his mind was “Should the machine be something you carry in your pocket or something that carries you in its pocket?”
The Happiness Machine Lesson Plan Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 3.
Leo Huffman was carrying a dictionary when he went to talk to his wife. What is his intention behind it?
Answer:
His intention is to get the right words for feelings associated with happiness.
Happiness Machine Lesson Plan Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 4.
“Do you think whether I am happy by doing all these household works?” What did Lena mean by that? Do you think she is really happy?
Answer:
She means she is not happy doing all those household works. No, she is not really happy.
The Happiness Machine Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 5.
What made Lena freeze? What led to such a mishap?
Answer:
Lena froze because she caught the burning smell from the kitchen. Her husband’s talk with her led to the mishap as her attention was diverted by the talk.
The Happiness Machine Notes Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 6.
Pick out the expressions which suggest Leo Huffman worked hard.
Answer:
Clings, clangs, rings, beeps; sounds of toil echoed rhythmically from the garage. Those days were without food, rest and sleep.
The Happiness Machine Summary Pdf Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 7.
How did Lena respond when she heard that the Happiness Machine was ready?
Answer:
She said that Leo had become thinner and their children had lacked his care. She said that man could not make such changes and he should stop working on such a
machine.
Happiness Machine Question Answer Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 8.
The garage grabbed the attention of even the birds and dogs. Why were they attracted to it?
Answer:
They were attracted to it because the Happiness Machine produced sounds with all kinds of humming in varied frequencies.
The Happiness Machine Short Summary Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 9.
What made Lena think that the machine was worthless? How should the happiness machine be according to Lena?
Answer:
Lena thought the machine worthless because if Leo died of overwork, she would be left alone with all the tedious household tasks. According to her, a happiness
machine should make old men young and her happy. It should be able to get all things done for the house, the kitchen and the children.
The Happiness Machine Summary In Malayalam Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 10.
Who was the first to test the machine? What was the effect of it?
Answer:
Saul, Leo’s son, was the first to test the machine.
He went inside the machine but the machine became terribly hot. The Machine could not make him happy.
Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Notes Question 11.
Why was Lena ready to try the machine?
Answer:
Lena was ready to try the machine because she wanted to spare her children from being tested in the machine. She did not want them to get nightmares.
The Happiness Machine Pdf Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 12.
How did the machine behave when the button was pressed?
Answer:
When the button was pressed, the machine shivered and growled like a wild dog. The machine continued to make strange sounds.
Lesson Plan Of The Happiness Machine Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 13.
“Blue Danube”
Answer:
Stands for the Danube River.
The Happiness Machine Characters Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 14.
“Only she thinks she is dancing!” What did Leo Huffman mean by this?
Answer:
He meant that he too was dancing because of the success of the machine.
Question 15.
How did Paris make Lena sad?
Answer:
The sight of Paris made her realize that she and Leo had not danced for 20 years.
Question 16.
What all things did the machine do to make Lena happy?
Answer:
Apart from showing her Paris, Rome and the . Pyramids of Egypt, the machine-made the sunset last forever. The air was fragrant and the temperature fine.
Question 17.
Why could not Lena enjoy the sunset which lasted long?
Answer:
Lena could not enjoy the sunset which lasted long because she always likes sunset when it comes and goes. Moreover she could not go on watching the sunset when her children were waiting for food, dishes were to be washed and beds made.
Question 18.
In the words of Lena what was the mistake Leo Huffman made in the making of the Happiness Machine?
Answer:
Leo Huffman made the mistake of making quick things slow and far away things close. People like quick things for they are quick and far away things as they are not easily reachable.
Question 19.
How could Leo Huffman escape from the burning machine?
Answer:
The boys dragged him out from the machine when someone broke the door open.
Question 20.
What changed the house into total disarray?
Answer:
The burning Happiness Machine and the commotion it caused changed the house into total disarray.
Question 21.
Did Leo Huffman realize his mistake in his attempt to make others happy with a machine?
Answer:
Yes, he did. It was made more than a thousand years ago and it is still there even though not good all the time. It runs on and on.
Question 22.
According to Leo Huffman, what is the real Happiness Machine? What made him realize that?
Answer:
According to Leo Huffman, the real Happiness Machine is a well-knit Home, where all the family members work and enjoy together carrying out their various responsibilities and doing the things they like most. He realized that when he looked through the window and saw the various things going on around him. He saw the ripples outside, his children playing games or making dresses for the doll or painting. Lena was cooking. Someone was singing melodiously. There was the aroma of the baking bread and the tempting butter. All this made real happiness.
Let’s Revisit and Reflect
Let’s quote what Mr. Leo Auffman and Lena Huffman said about the machine. The following quotes of Leo Huffman suggest that he is very confident about the machine which creates happy situations. Now pick out the comments of Lena Huffman about the machine.
a) Could the machine make old men young or make me happy?
Answer:
lam trying to get away to solve all your complaints.
b) Can the machine get all things done for the house, the kitchen and the children?
Answer:
That’s not how it’s built!
c) OK. You test your damn thing with me and spare my children. Don’t give them nightmares.
Answer:
Press the button and you will see!
d) Oh! Ah! look at that! Paris! Rome! The Pyramids! Perfume!
Answer:
She only thinks she is dancing!
e) Music! lam dancing.
Answer:
I still do not understand what’s wrong with the machine. Amazing!
Now we have gone through the different perspectives of Leo and Lena Huffman towards happiness. Let’s discuss to what extent the story supports or refutes the following statements.
Answer:
Real happiness comes from our relationships rather than from material things. Machines and devices do make our life easy, but they will not bring real happiness. A family may have a large, fully air-conditioned mansion, fine furniture, all kinds of electrical and electronic gadgets in the house, the latest Benz car, and an excellent garden.
But if the parents and children go on quarreling, arguing and getting angry with one another, where is happiness there? Happiness can’t be bought with money. In a home where the parents and the children work hard at their respective duties and carry out their responsibilities, encourage, love and make little sacrifices for one another, there will be real happiness. A house is built of stones, bricks, steel, and wood and you may pack it with all sorts of luxurious things, but it does not become a home unless love reigns there.
Activity -1
a) Given below is the storyboard of the film ‘The Happiness Machine’. Study the pictures carefully and write the appropriate events from the story in the space provided. One has been done for you.
Answer:
1. Leo Huffman is with his wife. Wife is ironing the clothes. He asks his wife whether she is happy or not.
2. Lena is busy in the kitchen preparing food for the family. Nobody is helping her. She looks tired and bored, and even slightly angry.
3. Leo is busy in the garage working on his Happiness Machine, It is almost finished. It is a huge one and looks taller than him.
4. Leo sees his son Saul crying in his bed at late night. He asks Saul if he had a nightmare. He finds that the garage door is open. On checking, he finds the Happiness Machine is hot. Saul had gone inside the machine.
5. Lena is inside the machine. Leon is instructing her how to operate the machine. He looks very happy and confident. So is one of his sons standing beside him.
6. The Happiness Machine is on fire. The firemen are trying to put out the flames. Leo is angry and surprised as he tries to keep away from the flames.
b) Now select any scene from the given storyboard and complete the worksheet. Sample is given
Answer:
Title of the Scene: Lena inside the Happiness Machine (Inside the garage)
Key Ideas: Showing the sights, sounds and smells inside the happiness machine.
Appearance/Features of the characters: Lena (middle-aged, happy-looking) inside the Machine. Leo (middle-aged, confident-looking) outside the machine. Saul, the son of Lena and Leo, stands by Leo, looking worried.
Setting and Background Information: Leo has made the Happiness Machine. He wants to test it. Lena volunteers to go inside the machine to spare the children of any nightmare of being tested. The children gathered round the 8-foot tall, orange-colored machine.
Plot (Problems and Solutions) : Leo spends all his time perfecting his Happiness Machine. Lena is unhappy as she has to clean the dishes, cook the meals and iron the clothes by herself. Leo also does not spend time with his children. Finally, the machine is ready. Lena volunteers to go inside the machine to spare the children of any nightmare of being tested. She thinks Leo has wasted his time making this machine. ,
Props you may need A large washing-machine-like box with the front door with see-through glass.
Likely Conversation :
Naomi: Is Mama alright, Papa?
Leo : All right! She is fine! Listen!
Lena (from inside) the machine: Oh, Ah, Look at that! Paris! Rome! The Pyramids! Perfume! The Blue Danube! Music! I’m dancing!
Leo : Only she thinks she is dancing.
Lena : Amazing!
Naomi: She is crying!
Leo: She can’t be!
Saul : She is like a baby. (Leo opens the door of the machine.)
Lena : Please Lee! Let me finish!
c) Watch the film, and complete the checklist.
d) Given below is the dialogue of the characters from a particular scene of the film ‘ The Happiness Machine ‘. Scan the QR code to see the particular scene. Watch the scene carefully and complete the dialogue.
Leo : Why am I in bed so late?
Lena : Stay there or I will give you such a hit.
Leo: What’s this?
Lena : ………………………
Leo:………………………
Answer:
Leo : Why am I in bed so late?
Lena : Stay there or give you such a hit.
Leo : What’s this?
Lena : It used to be breakfast; then it could have been lunch; now it’s dog’s dinner.
Leo : What is that? It can’t be. Where is the Happiness Machine?
Lena : You haven’t spoken to the children for 2 weeks. You haven’t spoken to me for months. You lost 10 pounds and I lost 15. Leave off that machine. You will never find a cook big enough to go into it.
e) Let’s now draft a subtitle for this scene.
Answer:
Subtitle : Breakfast for dinner
Subtitle is the caption or translation shown at the bottom of a film or television screen.
Activity – 2
Words for the blank spaces: Love, optimism, sacrifices
How can we be happy?
Answer:
Happiness is a state of mind. It is not something that can be bought with money or can be got through material things alone. Machines and gadgets will certainly add to our happiness, but the basic ingredients are love, optimism, ambition, friends, kindness, and sacrifices. Love is the primary ingredient.
A house is made of bricks, stones, steel, and wood, but a home is made of, mainly, love. If there is no love, even the members of the family become an unruly crowd where selfishness dominates. Optimism helps us to overcome our worries. Ambition enables us to achieve greater things. Friends make our life worth living. Kindness shows that we care for others and sacrifices indicate that we are willing to suffer for others.
Why are Gandhiji, Mother Theresa and Nelson Mandela so loved all over the world?
Answer:
They had all these qualities in abundance.
Activity – 3
a) Leo Auffmann tries to find happiness from a machine. The present generation tries to seek happiness from mobile phones. Now, look at this cartoon strip.
Answer:
b) What idea does this cartoon strip convey?
Answer:
The cartoon strip shows how a man is so immersed in his mobile that he does not even notice that birds come and lay eggs in his cap. The eggs are incubated and hatched there. Small birds fly out and still, the man is busy with his mobile not knowing what has happened in his cap.
c) Based on the discussion on the cartoon, conduct a debate on the topic, ‘Mobile phone – boon or bane.’
Boon (Blessing):
Bane (Curse):
Language activity
a. Leo consoled Lena.
b. Lena was consoled by Leo.
1. Do the above two sentences express the same meaning?
2. What did Leo do?
3. Hence Leo is the doer of the action.
Activity -1
Read the following sentences and identify the doer of the action in each sentence.
1. The oven door was pulled open by Lena. ………………………………….
2. Leo forced Lena to stop her work. ………………………………….
3. Leo was awakened by vague sounds. ………………………………….
4. Leo makes a new machine. ………………………………….
5. The clothes have been ironed by Lena. ………………………………….
6. Naomi was cutting paper doll dress. ………………………………….
Answer:
1. Lena
2. Leo
3. Vague sounds
4. Leo
5. Lena
6. Naomi
When do we begin a sentence with the doer of the action? Tick the correct option
(a) When the doer of the action is emphasized.
(b) When the receiver of the action is emphasized.
Answer:
(a) When the doer of the action is emphasized.
a) Observe the sentence patterns given in column A and column B and complete the missing rows.
Answer:
| A | B |
| 1. Leo made a new machine | 1. A new machine was made by Leo |
| 2. Naomi was cutting paper doll dress. | 2. Paper doll dress was being cut by Naomi. |
| 3. Lena pulled the oven open. | 3. The oven was pulled open by Lena |
| 4. Lena has ironed the clothes. | 4. The clothes have been ironed by Lena. |
| 5. Joseph is running his electric train. | 5. His electric train is being run by Joseph. |
| 6. Lena had pressed the button | 6. The button had been pressed by Lena. |
b) Some events from the lesson The Happiness Machine are given below. Read them
Active and passive voice.
In the given sentences, the doers are emphasised. Now rewrite the sentences giving emphasise to the receiver.
1. Leo completed the work of the happiness machine.
Answer:
The work of the happiness machine was completed.
2. Lena checked the function of the happiness machine.
Answer:
The function of the happiness machine was checked by Lena.
3. Leo did not care for their children.
Answer:
Their children were not cared for by Leo.
4. Lena looked after their children.
Answer:
Their children were looked after by Lena.
5. They could hear a muffled explosion.
Answer:
A muffled explosion could be heard by them.
6. The boys dragged him out.
Answer:
He was dragged out by the boys.
7. They called the fire force.
Answer:
The fire force was called by them.
8. Children were watching the firemen.
Answer:
The firemen were being watched by the children
You can Download The Boy Who Drew Cats Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 8th Standard English Solutions Unit 1 Chapter 2 helps you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Questions And Answers Pdf Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 1.
How is the youngest child introduced in the story?
Answer
The youngest boy is introduced as a clever, but quite weak and a small boy who is not fit for hard work.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 2.
Why did the parents take the boy to the priest?
Answer:
People of the village opined that the boy could never grow very big. So his parents thought it would be bet¬ter for him to become a priest than to become a farmer.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Activities Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 3.
‘… but perhaps you will become a great artist.’
Do you think the opinion of the priest about the boy is appropr¬iate? Why?
Answer:
Yes. Because whenever the boy was alone, he drew the pictures of cats.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Lesson Activities Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 4.
What was the advice of the priest to the boy?
Answer:
The priest advised the boy to avoid large places at night and to keep to the small.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Worksheet Answers Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 5.
Why didn’t the boy go home after he left the temple?
Answer:
The boy did not go home because he felt sure that his father would punish him for being disobedient to the priest.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Pdf Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 6.
When the boy entered the temple he did not see anyone. What could be the reason?
Answer:
The reason was that a goblin rat had! frightened the priests away and had taken possession of the place.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Notes Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 7.
Why did he choose a small place to sleep?
Answer:
The boy felt afraid of the place and he resolved to look for a small place to sleep.
Kerala Syllabus 8th Standard English Solutions Unit 1 Chapter 2 Question 8.
Where did the boy find a safe place to sleep on?
Answer:
He found a little cabinet, with a sliding door and got into it and shut himself up.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Conversation Between Boy And Priest 8th Question 9.
What was the dreadful voice that the boy heard?
Answer:
The dreadful voice might have been the result of the fighting and screaming between the cats and the goblin rat.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Story Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 10.
How do you think the goblin rat was killed?
Answer:
The goblin rat was killed by the cats which the boy had drawn.
8th Standard English Notes Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 11.
Was the advice of the priest helpful to the boy? Why?
Answer:
Yes. Because a dreadful fight was going on between the cats and the goblin rat and the boy was safe in the Cabinet.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Character Sketch Kerala Syllabus 8th Activity 1.
Did you enjoy the story, ‘The Boy who Drew Cats’? If you were the young boy, how would you tell the story?
You may begin like this.
Answer:
I was the youngest child of a poor Japanese family. Because of my ill health, I was sent to a priest home to be trained as a priest. I liked to draw the pictures of j cats. Although I obeyed all the rituals and i I rule of the priest home I could not stop I drawing cats. My teacher ordered me not to draw cats anymore. But I could not stop drawing.
At last, my teacher advised me to become a painter, not a priest. I planned to quit the place. Before leaving the teacher advised me to take shelter in small places and asked me to avoid big places.
I started my journey to the next village. I found a temple. It was covered with dust and cobwebs. I did not know that it was j the place of a monstrous rat. I entered in and saw walls which were empty. I started painting cats. When I felt sleepy I slept in a small room. After sometime hearing some sound I woke up. When it was morning, I came out and saw a big rat killed. Because of the pictures of the cats the big rat was killed. After that incident, I became a famous painter in Japan.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Short Summary Kerala Syllabus 8th Activity 2.
How was the goblin rat killed?
Write the events that led to the death of the goblin rat to complete the flow-chart given below.
Answer:
Question 1.
Read the passage from the story ‘ The Boy who Drew Catstfand answer the questions that follow.
Whenever he found himself alone, he drew cats. He drew them on the margins of the priest’s books, and on all the screens of the temple, and on the walls, and on the pillars. Several times the priest told him this was not right: but he did not stop drawing cats. He drew them because he could not really help it.
He had what is called ‘the genius of an artist’ and just for that reason he was not quite fit to be an acolyte- a good acolyte should study books. One day after he had drawn some very clever pictures of cats upon a paper screen, the old priest said to him severely: ‘ My boy, you must go away from this temple at once. You will never make a good priest, but perhaps you will become a great artist. Now, let me give you a last piece of advice, and be sure you never forget it. Avoid large places at night, keep to small!’
The boy did not know what the priest meant by saying, ‘ Avoid large places keep to small.’ He thought and thought, while he was tying up his little bundle of clothes to go away; but he could not understand those words and he was afraid to speak to the priest anymore, except to say good-bye.
1. The boy continued to draw cats because ……………………
a. He hated cats.
b. He wanted to become an artist
c. He wanted to please the priest
d. He was unable to stop drawing cats
2. Pick out the word from the passage which means ‘ one who helps the priest’,
a. Genius
b. Acolyte
c. Artist
d. Cats
3. Which were the places the boy choose to draw cats?
4. Why did the priest decide to send the boy away from the temple?
5. Pick out the expression from the passage that shows the boy wandered about the priest’s advice.
Answer:
1. He was unable to stop drawing, cats.
2. Acolyte
3. On the margins of the priest’s books, and on all screens of the temple, and on the pillar.
4. He would never make a good priest.
5. He thought and thought
Question 2.
Edit the following passage.
Whenever he found himself alone, he draws (a) cats. He drew them on the mar¬gins of the priests (b) books, and on all the screens (c) of the temple and on the walls and on the pillars.
Answer:
a. drew
b. priest’s
c. screens
Question 3.
Complete the passage given using suitable phrasal verbs from the ones given below.
The boy ………. (a) ……….. for the big temple in the next village. When he ……….. (b) ………… the village it was already dark. He……….. (c)……… the temple on a hill. He went at once to the temple and knocked. There was no sound inside. He ………….. (d)………. knocking but still nobody came. At last, he pushed gently at the door and found that it was not fastened.
Answer:
a. set out
b. got out
c. came across
d. went on
Question 4.
Given below are signboards to create awareness on Road Safety. Read them carefully and identify the verb phrases. One is done for you.
a) School Ahead, Go Slow
b) Wear Seatbelts While Driving
c) Pedestrians, Keep To Your Left
Verb Phrase
a. Go slow
b. ………….
c. ………….
Answer:
b. Wear seat belts
c. Keep to your left
Speech
Speech is an effective verbal communication made by a person addressing a group of people. Usually, a speech begins with an appropriate salutation.
Tips to remember
Question 5.
You are the secretary of the Arts Club in your school. The club decides to honor the boy in the story ‘ The Boy who Drew Cats’ in your school assembly. Prepare a speech of appreciation.
(Hints: The boy always drew cats- send away from temple by the priest as he always drew cats – goes to next village – draws cats in the haunted temple – goblin rats were killed- blood on the mouth of the cats drawn by the boy – became a famous artist)
Answer:
A very warm welcome to all present here. Today I am very happy to introduce to you the famous painter Erico. He was the youngest child of a poor Japanese family. Because of his ill health, he was sent to a temple to be trained as a priest. He loved to draw cats. Although he learned whatever that was taught he couldn’t stop drawing cats. Though the old priest ordered him not to draw cats anymore he couldn’t stop drawing. At last, his teacher advised him to become a painter, not a priest. So he planned to quit the place.
Before leaving, the teacher advised him to take shelter in small places and asked him to avoid big places. He started his journey to the next temple. The temple was covered with dust and cobweb. He did not know that it was the place of a monstrous rat. When he saw the walls empty he painted cats. He felt sleepy and slept in a small cabinet. After sometime hearing some sound he woke up. In the morning when he woke up he found that the big rat had been killed by the cats he drew. It was the words of his teacher ‘Avoid large places at night, keep to small’ that saved him from the monstrous rat. After that incident, he became a famous painter in Japan.
Question 6.
Look at the following word pyramid.
Now, construct a similar word pyramid using the word ‘ book’.
Answer:
The main character in the story, youngest son of poor, hardworking farmer, lives in a country village of old Japan. Because he is small, weak, and bright, his parents sent him to the village priest to be trained for priesthood. The boy learns well and pleases his master in almost all ways, but he persists in one act of disobedience drawing cats whenever he can. Although warned to stop, he continued it. The disobedience of the boy causes the old priest to send him away with the advice to stop trying to become a priest but instead become an artist. The priest cautions the boy to avoid large places at night and keep to the small. Puzzled by the strange warning, the boy reluctantly leaves his temple home and walks to the next village, where there is a large temple at which he hopes to continue his religious training.
He arrives at the temple at night, only to find it deserted and covered with thick layers of dust and cobwebs. He does not know the temple has been abandoned because a bloodthirsty goblin lived there. Earlier, soldiers entered the temple at night to kill the goblin but did not survive the attempt. The unsuspecting boy sits quietly and waits for the temple priests to appear. He notices large, white screens, wonderful surfaces for drawing cats, and soon has drawing ink and brushes ready. He unhesitatingly draws cats, not stopping until he is too tired to continue.
Sleepily he remembers the old priest’s warning as he lies down, so he crawls into a small cabinet and pulls the door before he sleeps. Hours later, the boy wakes to sounds of horrible screaming and fighting. He cowers silently while the fight rages, and only ventures out after daylight streams into the room. He finds a floor wet with blood and, lying dead, a monster goblin-rat the size of a cow. Scanning the temple, he notices the wet, blood-red mouths of the cats he has drawn on the screens. Suddenly he understands the priest’s advice and realizes that his cats have destroyed the goblin in the vicious fight he has overheard. The boy later becomes a famous artist, whose pictures of cats can still be seen in Japan.
The Boy Who Drew Cats Glossary
You can Download From A Day in the Country Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 8th Standard English Solutions Unit 4 Chapter 4 helps you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
A Day In The Country Question Answers
A Day In The Country Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 1.
Why is Fyokla worried? Pick out the expressions which show that she is worried.
A Day in the Country Questions and Answer:
Fyokla was worried because her brother had met with an accident. Her uncle Terenty, who was to help her, was not to be seen. The following sentence shows that she is worried. ‘ the 1 white-haired, barefoot child is pale, Her eyes are wide open, her lips are trembling’.
A Day In The Country Class 8 Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
How does the author describe Trinity?
Answer:
Trinity was a tall old man with a thin, pockmarked face, very long leg, and bare feet, dressed in a woman’s tattered jacket. On his long crane-like legs, he swayed in the wind.
A Day In The Country Questions, And Answers Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 3.
What was the accident that Danilka met with?
Answer:
Danika tried to put his hand into a hole in a tree to get cuckoo’s eggs. His hand was stuck and he could not take it out.
A Day In The Country Class 8 Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
Why does Terenty think that the thunder will not hurt the girl?
Answer:
Trinity said that it was not from spite that it thundered and it would not kill a little thing like Fyokla
A Day In The Country Question And Answer Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 5.
How did Fyokla feel when she heard the thunder?
Answer:
Fyokla felt that something big, heavy and round was rolling over the sky, and tearing it’ open exactly over her head.
A Day In The Country Summary Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 6.
Why does the boy not think of his trouble while looking at the stormy sky?
Answer:
The boy was gazing at the story sky and apparently he forgot to think of his trouble.
A Day In A Country Question And Answer Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 7.
Why couldn’t Danilka pull his hand out of the hole?
A Day in the Country Answer:
The wood had broken at the edge of the hole and jammed Danilka’s hand.
A Day In The Country Questions And Answers Pdf Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 8.
Why does Terenty ask Danilka not to touch the nightingale’s nest?
Answer:
The nightingale is a singing bird and it has a voice to cheer the heart of man. He thinks that it is a sin to disturb the bird.
A Day In The Country Questions And Answers Class 8 Kerala Syllabus Question 9.
‘He knows everything. ‘Why does the author say so?
Answer:
He knows the names of all the wildflowers, animals and stones. He knows the herbs that cure diseases, he has no difficulty in telling the age of a horse or a cow. Looking at the sunset, the moon, or the birds, he could tell what sort of weather it would be the next day.
A Day In The Country Class 8 Summary Kerala Syllabus Question 10.
‘These people have learned not from books ’ How did they learn then?
Answer:
They learned from the fields, woods, riverbanks, birds, the sun, etc. In short, they learned everything from nature.
A Day In The Country Class 8 Solutions Kerala Syllabus Question 11.
Why are the cobbler and the boy not weary?
Answer:
While walking, they talked about the beauty of the earth unceasingly. So they were not weary.
The Day Of The Bare Feet Questions And Answers Class 8 Kerala Syllabus Question 12.
Do you think that Terenty loves children? Justify your answer.
Answer:
Yes, He loves children. When the children fell asleep, he came to them and placed bread under their heads.
A Day In The Country Class 8 Pdf Kerala Syllabus Question 13.
‘The boy does not sleep. Why?
A Day in the Country Summary Questions and Answer:
The boy does not sleep. He gazes into the darkness and it seems to him that he can see everything that he has seen during the day.
A Day In The Country Multiple Choice Questions Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 14.
‘And no one sees his love.’ What is the love referred to here?
Answer:
The love of the cobbler towards the children is referred here.
A Day In A Country Summary Kerala Syllabus 8th Activity 1.
The following is the summary of the story ‘A Day in the Country’. Some parts of it are missing. Complete it.
It was a stormy day. There was thunder and lightning.
A little girl ………………..
She asked everyone ……………..
The girl sobbed and told Terenty ………….
She wanted Terenty to ……………….
She said that Danika had put his ……………..
hand …………….
They both ………………
He saved the boy and. ……………….
On the way they …………………
Danika wondered how Terenty …………….
They shared their food and …………….
The children ……………….
Trinity ……………….
The moon enjoyed the love of the homeless cobbler.
Now, retell the story in your own way.
Answer:
It was a stormy day. There was thunder and lightning. A little girl of six ran through the village looking for Trinity, the cobbler. She was worried. She asked everyone whether they had seen Trinity. Nobody could tell where Trinity was. At last she met Terenty’s bosom friends, who told her that he was in the kitchen gardens. She saw Terenty standing near the vegetable plots.
The girl sobbed and told Terenty that her brother Danilka met with an accident. She wanted Terenty to go with her and help Danika. She said that Danilka had put his hand into a hole in a tree to get cuckoos egg, and he could not get it out. They both rushed to the spot in the heavy rain. On the way he told her not to be frightened because it thundered and it would not kill a little thing like her. When they reached the spot, they found the frightened Danika.Terenty saved the boy and walked along the darkened road.
On the way they talked about a lot of things like nightingale, rain, ducks, etc. Terenty answered all their questions. Danika wondered how Terenty had good knowledge about everything. Terenty learned not from books, but from nature. They reached a riverbank and shared their food. They returned to the village only in the evening. The children went to a deserted barn at night. Danika could not sleep for a long time. He thought about all that he had seen. At last, they fell asleep. Terenty came to them and put bread under their heads. The moon was rejoiced seeing the love of the homeless cobbler.
A Day In The Country Pdf Kerala Syllabus 8th Let’s prepare a blog
In this unit, you have learned poems and stories that depict the splendor of nature. Can you write poems stories or articles describing the beauty and splendor of nature? Develop a blog for the EnglisljJClub of your school. Post your poems, stories and articles in the blog. You may ask your friends to comment on them.
A Day In The Country Theme Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 1.
Read the passage from the story ‘ A Day in the Country’ and answer the questions that follow.
Fyokla, a little girl of six, is running through the village, looking for Terenty the cobbler. The white-haired, barefoot child is pale. Her eyes are wide open, her lips are trembling. ‘Uncle, where is Terenty? she asks everyone she meets. No one answers. They are all preoccupied with the approaching storm and take refuge in their huts. At last she meets Terenty’s bosom friend. ‘ Uncle, where is Terenty?
At the kitchen – gardens answers he. The girl runs behind the huts to kitchen- gardens and there finds Terenty; the tall old man with a thin, pockmarked face, very long legs, and bare feet, dressed in a women’s tattered jacket, is standing near the vegetable plots, looking with drowsy eyes at the dark storm- cloud. On his long crane-like legs he sways in the wind.
a. How old was Fyokla?
b. Give a short description about Trinity.
c. Pick out the expressions which show that Fyokla is worried?
d. Pick out a word from the passage which means a person who repairs shoes’.
Answer:
a. Fyokla was a girl of six. 1
b. Terenty was a tall old man with a thin pockmarked face, very long leg, and bare feet, dressed in a woman’s tattered jacket. On his long crane-like legs, he swayed in the wind.
c. White-haired, barefoot child is pale. Her eyes are wide open, her lips are trembling.
d. cobbler
A Day In The Country Summary Pdf Kerala Syllabus 8th Question 2.
Read the sentence given. Fill in the missing parts choosing appropriate words from the box.
Fyokla, a little girl / (a) six was searching for her brother/ (b) the woods.
(in, at, of)
Answer:
a. of
b. in
Question 3.
Prepare a short profile on Anton Chekhov using the hints given below.
Born: January 29, 1860, Russia
Famous as: Physician and writer
Notable awards: Pushkin Prize
Notable works: The Steppe, The Lady With the Dog, A Day in the Country
Died: July 15, 1904, Germany (Tuberculosis)
Answer:
Anton Chekhov:
Anton Chekov was born on January 29, 1860, in Russia. He was famous as a physician and writer. He was awarded the Pushkin Prize. The Steppe, The Lady with the dog, A Day in the Country, etc are his notable works. Chekov died of tuberculosis on July 15, 1904, in Germany.
Question 4.
Prepare a short profile of Pablo Ruiz Picasso, the renowned painter, and sculptor based on the information given below.
Born: 25 October 1881
Nationality: Spanish
Famous as: Painter, sculptor
Major works: Guernica (1937), The Weeping Woman (1937)
Death: April 18, 1973, France
Answer:
Pablo Ruizy Picasso:
Pablo Ruizy Picasso was born on October 25 in 1881 in Spain. He was famous as a painter and sculptor. His major works are Guernica (1937) and The Weeping Women (1937). He passed away on April 18 in 1973 in France.
This is a lovely story. It is just a single day, when a heavy, but short rainstorm hits this tiny village. Young Danika has got his arm caught in a tree. Even younger little Fyokla has raced to the village to find the kind Terenty, a cobbler. Despite the rain, he hurries with Fyokla to free Danika. Then they walk and talk after the rain, and the children learn much from him about nature. Later that night the kind Terenty comes quietly into the barn where the orphans are sleeping and leaves them some bread for the morning. It’s a very touching human story.
A Day in the Country Glossary
You can Download The Last Leaf (Story) Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Solutions Unit 1 Chapter 3 help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
The Last Leaf Activities Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 1. (Page 123-128)
What added to the interest of G Greenwich village?
Answer:
The old and dirty buildings and apartments and the Bohemian life added to the interest of Greenwich village.
The Last Leaf Textual Questions Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 2.
Identify an instance of personification in the story. What effect does this have?
Answer:
“In November, a cold, unseen stranger whom the doctors called pneumonia, stalked about the city, touching one here and one there with his icy finger,” is an instance of personification. The personification makes pneumonia a living character, waiting to attack human beings.
9th Class English The Last Leaf Kerala Syllabus Question 3.
Do you think the doctor’s medication would really help Johnsy? Give reasons.
Answer;
No, Johnsy has already decided that she’s not going to get well. Medication will not help if we don’t have the mental strength and hope to get well.
9th Class English Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
What aspects other than medicines can help a patient recover from a serious illness?
The Last Leaf Questions and Answer:
Willpower, faith, hope and confidence are aspects other than medicines that can help a patient recover from a serious illness.
The Last Leaf Questions And Answers Pdf Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 5.
Why did Sue go to Johnsy’s room whistling? What message does her action convey?
Answer:
To instill confidence in Johnsy. The message is, “You will be soon alright, Johnsy, be cheerful.”
9th Standard English Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 6.
What does the expression ‘counting backward’ reveal about Johnsy’s state of mind?
Answer:
The expression ‘counting backward’ reveals Johnsy’s pessimism.
9th Class English Textbook Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 7.
“There goes another’’. How did Johnsy correlate the leaves with her own life?
Answer:
She believed that she would die when the last leaf fell.
The Last Leaf 9th Class Kerala Syllabus Question 8.
“I’d rather stay here with you,” says Sue to Johnsy. What does it tell us about their relationship?
Answer:
It tells us that their friendship is deep and strong.
The Last Leaf Summary In Malayalam 9th Question 9.
Why do you think O.Henry portrayed Behrman as a pathetic, old, unsuccessful artist?
Answer:
Henry portrays Behrman in such a way to evoke sympathy for the character and to make him immortal.
The Last Leaf Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 10.
Identify the expression which suggests that Behrman loved Sue and Johnsy a lot?
Answer:
The expression ‘ a watchdog and protector’ suggests that Behrman loved Sue and Johnsy a lot.
Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Notes Question 11.
WhatwastheblankcanvasinBehrman’sstudio waiting for?
Answer:
The blank canvas was waiting for his promised masterpiece.
English 9th Class Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 12.
Why did Sue and Behrman look at the vine fearfully’?
Answer:
Johnsy related her death with the falling leaves of the vine. So Sue and Behrman looked at it fearfully.
The Last Leaf Class 9 Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 13.
Why does the author call Johnsy ‘merciless’?
Answer:
The author calls Johnsy ‘merciless’ because she wants to die and not to live in this beautiful world.
The Last Leaf Question Answer Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 14.
How did the last leaf on the vine affect Johnsy?
Answer:
The last leaf made her understand that it was a sin to want to die.
Kerala Syllabus 9th Std English Notes Question 15.
Soon after Johnsy started showing signs of recovery, she expressed her wish to paint the Bay of Naples. What does it tell us about her?
Answer:
It tells us that she is a creative artist and wants to reach lofty heights.
Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Guide Pdf Question 16.
Why didn’t the last ivy leaf flutter or move?
Answer:
The last leaf didn’t flutter or move because it wasn’t a real one, but a painting by Behrman.
Let’s revisit and reflect (Page 138)
Last Leaf Question Answer Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 1.
What is the role of a patient’s conviction/willpower in the process of getting cured of a disease? Do you think it has a positive role? Why?
Answer:
Conviction and willpower play a very prominent and positive role in a patient’s life. They, along with hope and confidence, raise a patient’s spirits and will help him/her to overcome the disease. Many prominent persons have successfully fought, even terminal diseases, with their will power. For a sound body,
one needs a sound mind.
The Last Leaf Story Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
Do you think Behrman drew the leaf knowing well that he was risking his own life? Give reasons.
Answer:
Behrman always called himself as a watchdog and protector of the two artists. It was very difficult for him to understand the uncanny belief of Johnsy and he was very concerned. Outside, it was raining heavily and there was every possibility that he would get Pneumonia. Still, he risked his life because he wanted Johnsy to live.
Question 3.
Do you think the painting was Behrman’s masterpiece? Substantiate. What message does it convey?
Answer:
Yes, the painting was Behrman’s masterpiece. It was not a mere painting, but a life saving one as it transformed Johnsy to a woman who wants to live and not die. It is indeed a masterpiece as it gave life to someone.
a) Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
“One morning instead of one in ten” (pages 132- 133)
Question 1.
Why did the doctor go to Sue’s apartment?
Answer:
Johnsy was infected with Pneumonia.
Question 2.
Why did the doctor give one in ten chance to Johnsy?
Answer:
Johnsy had already decided that she was not going to get well. That was why the doctor rated her chances of survival as very thin.
Question 3.
Complete the sentence:
The curative power of medicines increases by 50 percent
Answer:
If the patient has a positive mind.
Question 4.
What according to the doctor, would improve the chances of Johnsy to survive?
Answer;
If she had the desire to live, that would improve her chances of survival.
Question 5.
Pick out an idiom from the passage that means ‘decided’
Answer:
The idiom is: made up one’s mind.
b) Read the excerpt given below and answer the questions that follow:
“To Greenwich village…. opposite building” (Page 123)
Question 1.
The word ‘Bohemian’ means:
a) a person who is hardworking and forthright.
b) a person who is interested in art and lives in a very informal way.
c) a person who leads a country life,
Answer:
b) a person who is interested in art and lives in a very informal way.
Question 2.
Why did the two artists come to New York?
a) They wanted to join an art school.
b) They came as tourists.
c) They came for making a living.
Answer:
c) They came for making a living.
Question 3.
Why does the author say that the old and dirty apartments added interest to the place?
Answer:
It was a place frequented by artists and for the artists, old and dirty places have more artistic elements in them.
Question 4.
Whose ‘icy finger’ is mentioned here?
a) Sue’s
b) Johnsy’s
c) Pneumonia’s
Answer:
c) Pneumonia’s
Question 5.
“In November, a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors called pneumonia….”.What figure of speech is used by the author here?
Answer:
The author personifies pneumonia here. The figure of speech is called personification.
Question 6.
Identify the word that means to follow an animal or person as closely as possible without being seen or heard” from the passage.
Answer:
The word‘stalk’
c) Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
“Sue found Behrman…. strange ideas”
Question 1.
Where did Sue find Behrman?
Answer:
Sue found Behrman in his poorly-lighted studio.
Question 2.
What was waiting for the promised masterpiece by Behrman?
Answer:
The blank canvas
Question 3.
Sue told Behrman of ‘Johnsy’s Fancy’. What was Johnsy’s Fancy?
Answer:
Johnsy’s fancy was when the last leaf of the ivy. vine fell, she would die too.
Question 4.
How does the author describe Johnsy here?
Answer:
The author describes Johnsy as ‘light and fragile as a leaf.
Question 5.
Identify the expression that shows Behrman’s love for Johnsy.
Answer:
The expression “Oh, that poor little Miss Johnsy
Activity 1 (page 138)
Question 1.
Now that you have read the story ‘The Last Leaf’, complete the story map given below.
Answer:
Activity 2 (page 139)
Sue and Behrman have different character traits, yet they have something in common. Fill in the character indication maps given below, using words that describe the characters and their actions and then quote sentences from the story to justify your words.
Answer:
Answer:
| Word | Action | Quote |
| Ambitious | He always talked about the great masterpiece he was going to paint | The Blank Canvas |
| Kind and considerate | He scolded Sue when he heard about John’s strange idea. He posed as a model for Sue | Why do you., into her mind? Oh… little Miss Johnsy |
| selfless/sacrificial | He risked his own life to save Johnsy’s life. | Mr. Berman died ….last leaf fell |
| fiercely protective | He regarded himself as a watchdog and protector for the young artist, of whom he was very fond. | He regarded himself as a watchdog |
| Fearful | He looked at the ivy vine fearfully | He looked at the ivy vine fearfully |
Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the characters.
Answer:
Sue and Behrman in the story The Last Leaf are kind and considerate characters who always think about the well being of their friend, Johnsy. Pneumonia has cast a shadow over the dreams of Johnsy. But Sue somehow wanted to keep her spirits alive. Johnsy correlates the falling of leaves of the ivy vine with her life and believes that the falling of last leaf means her death is near. Sue finds her argument foolish and wants Johnsy to promise not to look at the ivy vine. She is quite sensitive because she cries after listening to the doctor’s words. She whistles and puts up a happy face in front of Johnsy.
Even old Behrman is quite kind and considerate and reveals his genuine affection for Johnsy when he says, “Oh, that poor little Miss Johnsy”. His fiercely protective nature is quite clear when he scolds Sue for filling Johnsy’s mind with silly ideas. Although Sue and Behrman put up brave faces, both have fear about Johnsy’s condition. Both the characters are quite selfless and sacrificial. Sue sacrifices money and time to save Johnsy, whereas Behrman risks his own life and succeeds in saving Johnsy’s life. Both of them stand tall as symbols of hope, friendship and sacrifice and we cannot but admire them.
Activity – 3 (page 140)
How can we make a greeting card?
Answer:
Activity – 4 (Page 140)
What is comic strip?
Answer:
A series of cartoon drawings that tell a story or part of a story is called a comic strip. It is often serialised, with the text in balloons and captions.
Develop the conversations between Sue and Johnsy
SUE: How are you? Have you been coughing a lot? Have you taken your medicine?
JOHNSY : Oh! I think it’s of no use. My cough is killing me.
SUE: What are you looking at?
JOHNSY : ……………………………………………………………………
SUE : ……………………………………………………………………
JOHNSY : ……………………………………………………………………
SUE : ……………………………………………………………………
JOHNSY : ……………………………………………………………………
SUE: Stop having unnecessary thoughts. Sleep well.
Answer:
Sue: How are you? Have you been coughing a lot? Have you taken your medicine?
Johnsy : Oh! I think it’s of no use. My cough is killing me.
Sue: What are you looking at?
Johnsy : At the ivy vine leaves.
Sue: What have ivy leaves to do with you?
Johnsy : When the last leaf falls, I will also die.
Sue: Die! Please don’t be silly and foolish.
Johnsy : I want to see the last leaf fall. Then I’ll go too.
Sue: Stop having unnecessary thoughts. Sleep well
Panel Two:
Picture:-
Johnsy is wearing a blue coat. She is sitting on the bed near the window. A green bed sheet is used to cover the bed. Sue is wearing a blue coat and is standing next to her. On the top left-hand side, a blue curtain is seen hanging on a half-open window. A long shadow on the wall is created by the sunlight that creeps in through the window. A table lamp is kept on a red box beside the bed. A picture of a comic figure is seen hanging on the wall.
Panel Three:
Caption :-
Sue looks at Johnsy anxiously. Johnsy is looking at the ivy vine outside.
Picture :-
Johnsy is wearing a blue overcoat and she is looking at the ivy vine leaves outside curiously. She covers her body using the green bed sheet. Sue, who is also wearing a blue overcoat, is looking anxiously at her. The window is completely open and a blue curtain is hanging on its side. Through the window, we can see an ivy vine with a few leaves. One leaf is on the way down. The room is completely lit by sunlight.
Dialogue:
Sue: What are you looking at?
Johnsy : At the ivy vine leaves.
Sue: What have ivy leaves to do with you?
Johnsy : When the last leaf falls, I will also die.
Remember:
Before preparing the comic strip, prepare a description of the picture. The description should be comprehensive. Pay attention to the minute details.
Activity – 5 (Page 142)
The Last Leaf Comic Strip Question 1. What are the features of a Radio Play? Discuss.
Answer:
Question 2.
Which of the following elements are related to a radio play? Put a tick mark against the appropriate ones.
Answer:
The Last Leaf Activities Question 3. Prepare the script of a radio play for the following event and perform it.
Answer:
An imaginary conversation between Johnsy and Pneumonia, Radio Play
Cast:
Narrator
Pneumonia
Johnsy
Scene:
(Music, quite soft in tune)
Narrator:
Many people who were interested in art came to Greenwich village. There came Joanna. But everyone called her Johnsy. She met Sue over some snack in a restaurant on Eighth street. Both found they shared the same taste in art, Jane Austen novels and they became thick friends. That was in May. (Wind sound effects accompanied by the sounds of owl, crickets indicating a bad omen)
In November, the red-fisted, cold Mr. Pneumonia visited the city looking for prey. He found the thin fragile looking Johnsy and decided to touch her with his cold fingers. Lying on her bed, Johnsy saw the scary figure of Pneumonia in front of her and she talks to him.
Johnsy : Who are you? Why do you look so scary?
Pneumonia: I am Pneumonia. Do I look scary? Who are you?
Johnsy : Yes, you do. I am Johnsy. Tell me, why are you here?
Pneumonia: Ha, ha, ha! Why am I here? I am here to take people out of their troubles.
Johnsy : So, are you a representative of God? But angels look divine and you do not.
Pneumonia: No, God saves life and I, the representative of Satan, take lives.
Johnsy : You are going to kill me, aren’t you?
Pneumonia: Kill you? Well, I am going to pass my germs to your body, that’s all.
Johnsy : What will happen to me, then?
Pneumonia: I decided to infect you because you look mentally weak. Your mental state will kill or save you.
Johnsy : No, no, please don’t, don’t, don’t.
Narrator:
Her voice became weak as Pneumonia infected her. She started looking through the blank wall of the opposite building. Slowly she started to correlate her life with the falling of leaves from the ivy vine. And she began her slow, but painful wait for death.
The Last Leaf Class 9 Solutions Question 1. Sue wrote a letter about the events that unfolded in her apartment to one of her friends, Susan. Write the likely letter.
Answer:
31-12-2016
Dear Susan,
How are you? I hope you are in fine health and spirits. Did you enjoy your vacation? How are your parents? Are they OK now?
Dear, last two weeks witnessed many dramatic events at our apartments. I would like to share with you the event that ended in a bitter-sweet note. You know, my friend Johnsy was infected with Pneumonia. Then, she developed a strange fancy. She started correlating her life with the fall of the leaves from a decayed ivy vine outside. I tried to revive her dying spirits but failed. I conveyed this to old Behrman.
You know him, don’t you? We had some chat about him. I told you, how he protected us and cared for us. You know what he did. He braved the bad weather and drew the last leaf on the wall- a real masterpiece. When Johnsy saw the last leaf still there, she understood that it was a sin to want to die and she recovered. But unfortunately, my heart breaks when I write about this. Our old friend Behrman died of pneumonia within two days. His was a rare, but real sacrifice. Now Johnsy is getting ready to paint the Bay of Naples. In a tribute of Behrman, we are planning to conduct an exhibition at the ‘Grand Hall’ next week. Please be there. Convey my regards to everyone at home. I am eager to hear about your vacation. Do reply and be at the Grand Hall for the exhibition.
With love,
(Sue)
Chapter the Last Leaf Question 2. Many critics say that O. Henry’s The Last Leaf abounds in themes. Prepare a write-up on the themes of the story.
Answer:
O. Henry, the master storyteller, injects several themes into his beautiful story The Last leaf. It is a story of hope, optimism, love, friendship, and sacrifice. Hope is one of the major themes in The Last Leaf. In fact, the whole Universe runs with the idea of hope. When it is deserted, people die and when it is there, they live. The last leaf on the ivy vine signifies life. Leaf is the hope of life for a tree or plant. When Johnsy sees the painted leaf against the wall, she regains hope and says, “It is a sin to want to die” and recovers. The theme of optimism and love is symbolically presented in the story.
O. Henry tries to convey that optimistic attitudes will help us to live our life better. Johnsy embodies pessimism when she says,” when the last one falls I must go, too”. Sue consoles Johnsy and stands as symbol of optimism. It is her words full of optimism that keep Johnsy going. It is through them that O. Henry brings in the theme of friendship. Sue, as a friend, sacrifices her time and money for Johnsy. She says,” I’d rather stay here with you”. When her efforts don’t work, she seeks Behrman’s help. Sue is a symbol of true friendship.
It appears that O. Henry has a penchant for the theme ‘Sacrifice’. He brings in this theme in two of his most popular stories The Last Leaf and ‘The Gift of the Magi’. In The Last Leaf, it is Mr. Behrman who gives up his life to help Johnsy live. In’ The Gift of the Magi’, Della and Jim sacrifice their prized possessions for each other’s happiness. O. Henry seems to suggest we should make small sacrifices almost every day to make this world a better place to live in.
The Last Leaf can be regarded as O. Henry’s, masterpiece. He portrays characters that have true human strengths and weaknesses, characters we can easily identify with. Thus his world becomes our world and his stories become our stories.
Language Activities
“Grammar is to a writer what anatomy is to a sculptor or the scales to a musician. You may loathe it, it may bore you, but nothing will replace it, and once mastered it will support you like a rock.” – Beatrice Joy Chute
Activity -1 (Page 144)
a) Read the following sentences.
1. I can walk hundreds of kilometers without being tired.
2. I walked through the jungle without being tired.
Question 1.
What difference do you notice between these two sentences?
Write your ideas here:
Answer:
1. In the first sentence, the speaker talks about her ability to walk kilometers without being tired.
2. In the second sentence, the speaker states that she walked through the jungle without being tired.
‘Can’ implies possibility or ability
b) Study the conversation between Juliane and her mother carefully.
Answer:
Juliane: Mother, shall we go now? It’s already late. We may miss the flight.
Mother: The baggage is very heavy, Juliane. Could you help me?
Juliane: Don’t worry, mom. I can carry the baggage.
Mother: It might rain today. You had better take two umbrellas.
Juliane: I’ll do that. Anything else?
Mother: May I ask John also to join us at Pucallpa? He can cook quite well.
Juliane: We mustn’t disturb John. I can manage that. We must
report at the reception at 11 a.m. Please hurry up.
Mother: OK, let’s leave.
Now, pick out suitable sentences from the conversation and write according to the pattern given below. One is done for you
Answer:
| Function | Sentence | Modal | Verb |
| Ability | lean manage that. | can | manage |
| Permission | May I ask John also to join us at Pucallpa? | may | ask |
| Request | Could you help me? | could | help |
| Offer | I can carry the luggage | can | carry |
| Predicting | It might rain today. | might | rain |
| Obligation/ Compulsion | We must report at the reception at 11 am. | must | report |
Additional Material:
Ram: Ashraf, will the maths teacher come today? She might be on leave.
Ashraf: She is not. Can we solve the two problems now?
Ram: Yes, we can solve them.
Ashraf: Ram, Ashok may need some help. Could we help him?
Ram: We mustn’t do that. He might not learn on his own then.
Ashraf: I feel thirsty. Shall we go to the Cafeteria now?
Ram: We’ll go there.
Remember:
We normally use modal auxiliaries to express:
i) Certainty
Eg: 1) Things will become all right.
2) She must be agile.
ii) Obligation
Eg: 1) Participants must register in the registration form.
iii) Possibility
Eg: Kiran may build a new house.
iv) permission (can, could, may, might)
Eg: 1) You may use the phone.
2) Could you come in fora minute?
v) ability (can, could)
Eg: 1) Raoji can speak many languages.
2) I could reach there by bus.
vi) request
Eg: 1) Could you give ten rupees?
vii) advice
Eg: 1) You are in trouble. You shouldn’t do that.
c) Sue meets the doctor who treats Johnsy and asks about her illness and the doctor gives her some suggestions. Certain instructions and questions from their conversation are given below.
1. Shall I meet Johnsy, doctor?
2. She thinks that she is not going to get well.
3. Johnsy can recover soon.
4. Can I give her some milk?
5. She needs rest.
6. She may like your company.
7. I can give her medicines at the right time.
8. She likes to draw pictures.
9. She might be ready now.
10. May I take her for a walk?
Answer:
| Sentences stating a fact: | Sentences indicating ability: | Sentences showing possibility: | Sentences seeking permission: |
| She needs rest. | Johnsy can recover soon. | She may like your company. | Can I give her some milk? |
| She thinks that she is not going to get well. | I can give her medicines at the right time | She might be ready now. | May I take her for a walk? |
| She likes to draw pictures. |
Note: We use modal auxiliaries can, may and might to express ability, possibility, permission, etc.
d) The pictures given below have two possible interpretations. Guess what the pictures are. Use may, might, can, could.
Answer:
Activity – 2 (Page 147)
a) Look at the sentence from the story ‘The Last Leaf.’
Answer:
“I’d rather stay here with you,” said Sue.
What does Sue mean by the statement?
b) Now, read the conversation given below.
Answer:
Mary: Hi, John! Welcome to my house. What would you like to have,
tea or coffee?
John: I would rather have a cup of coffee.
John prefers coffee to tea.
c) Now, study the sentences given below and note the changes.
I would rather have apple juice.
I would prefer to have cold coffee.
1. After would rather, ‘to’ is not used.
2. Would prefer is followed by ‘to’
d) Some options are given in the box. Which of them would you prefer to do? Express your ideas using would rather… / would prefer…
(eat at home, hire a taxi, go alone, wait a few minutes, watch a film, go for a swim, stand, wait till later)
e.g. Do you want to eat now?
I would prefer to eat at home.
I would rather wait till later.
Question 1.
Would you like to watch TV?
Answer:
i. I would prefer to watch a film.
ii. I would rather wait till later.
Question 2.
Shall we play football?
Answer:
i. I would prefer to go for a swim.
ii. I would rather watch a film.
Question 3.
Would you like to sit for a while?
Answer:
i. I would prefer to wait a few minutes.
ii. I would rather stand.
Question 4.
Could we watch a film?
Answer:
i. Yes, I would prefer to watch a film.
ii. No, I would rather go for a swim.
e) Write a few things that you prefer to do during a weekend. Use ‘would rather’/ ‘prefer.’
Answer:
Remember:
We use ‘ would rather’ to talk about preferring one thing to another, ‘would rather is normally used in two ways.
Activity – 3 (Page 148)
a) Read the sentence from the story ‘The Last Leaf.’
“She was looking out of the window, and counting-counting backward.”
The sentence can be divided into two simple sentences as below.
Here and is used to connect two simple sentences
b) Study the use of ‘and’, ‘but’, & ‘or’ in the sentences given below.
1) John and Mary are writing a book.
2) Your book is on the table or in the drawer.
3) Mohan is poor but honest.
4) She danced beautifully but not very energetically.
5) Roy went to the beach but Irfan stayed at home.
In the first sentence, two noun phrases are linked using and.
Two prepositional phrases are linked using or in the second sentence
Examine the use of ‘but’ in the last three sentences. Discuss your findings.
Answer:
My Findings:
In the last 3 sentences, ‘but’ is used because it connects ideas that do not go together.
In sentence 3, Mohan is poor but he is honest. Poverty and honesty often do not go together.
In sentence 4, she danced beautifully but not energetically. Her dance should have been energetic too.
In sentences, Roy went to the beach but Irfan Stayed
at home; two people doing two different things.
c) Now, construct sentences using ‘and’, ‘but’ or ‘or’ using the pattern below.
1. Noun phrase + Noun phrase
2. Prepositional phrase + Prepositional phrase
3. Adjective + Adjective
4. Adverbial + Adverbial
5. Sentence + Sentence
Answer:
d) Now, read the passage given below and study the use of ‘and’ ‘but’ & ‘or.’ Convert the sentence into simple sentences. One is done for you.
Granny could hear the distant roar of the river and smell the pine needles beneath her feet and feel the presence of her grandson, Mani, but she couldn’t see the river or the trees; and of her grandson she could only make out his fuzzy hair, and sometimes, when he was very close, his blackberry eyes and the gleam of his teeth when he smiled.
Answer:
1. Granny could hear the distant roar of the river.
2. She could smell the pine needles beneath her feet.
3. She could feel the presence of her grandson, Mani.
4. She couldn’t see the river or the trees.
5. She could only make out the fuzzy hair of her grandson.
6. When he was very close, she could make out his blackberry eyes.
7. She could make out the gleam of his teeth when he smiled.
e) Read the passage given below and study the phrases given in bold.
Both Mr. and Mrs. John watch television regularly. So do their two children. They enjoy cartoons and wildlife programs. But both parents think that the children watch too much TV. Both children watch television for over four hours a day. Neither child reads very much. If Mrs. John asks either of the children to turn off the television, an argument will result. Neither Mr. John nor his wife knows what to do about their behavior. They can either ask the children to watch television less often or they can take away the television itself.
i. Both Mr. and Mrs. John watch television regularly.
ii. They can either ask the children to watch television less often or they can take away the television itself.
iii. Neither Mr. John nor his wife knows what to do
Question 1.
Now split the sentences into two
Answer:
| Mr. John watches television regularly. | Mr. John watches television regularly. |
| They can ask the children to watch television less often. | They can take away the television itself. |
| Mr. John doesn’t know what to do. | Mr. John doesn’t know what to do. |
Question 2.
Look at the table given below where the likes and dislikes of Ashok, Abraham, and Ashraf are given. Connect and compare them using and, but, neither…nor, either…or, or both
Answer:
Remember:
Conjunctions :
The word ‘conjunction’ means joining and that’s exactly what conjunctions do. They join words, phrases, clauses, and sentences. These are joiners.
Coordinating conjunctions :
They join equal parts in sentences, words, phrases or clauses. They are only seven and are often called ‘FANBOYS’.
FANBOYS – for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so –
Subordinating conjunctions :
They introduce a part of the sentence, called a dependent or subordinate clause, which holds a lesser meaning or enjoys a lesser status.
After, although, as, because, before, though, unless, if, since, when, whenever, while, whenever, whether. Eg: 1) Although John was ill, he went to play.
Correlative conjunctions :
Correlatives are pairs of related words. These conjunctions link grammatically equal elements and help us to write sound parallel constructions. Both…. and, not only…. but also, either… or, neither… nor, as…. as
Note:
1) When ‘both’ is used to link two noun phrases, it is followed by a plural verb.
Eg: Both Arun and Ashok are IAS aspirants.
2) When two nouns are combined using ‘either…or,
or neither…nor, the verb agrees with the second noun.
Eg: Neither the squirrel nor the rats disturb us.
Activity – 4 (Page 151)
Read the sentence from the narrative ‘The Jungle Air Crash.’
“I was so dizzy that after each step I had to rest.”
a) 1. Can you guess the meaning of the sentence? Write your ideas below.
Answer:
The narrator had to rest after each step. Because he was too tired/giddy or unbalanced.
2. The narrator was dizzy. What happens as a result of that?
Answer:
He had to rest after each step.
b) Now, read the following sentences.
The exam was so difficult that most of the students failed.
He was so weak that he had to be rushed to a hospital.
The tea is so hot that we cannot drink it.
He drove so fast that no one could overtake him
Question 1.
Write them in the table as shown below.
Answer:
| Cause/reason | Result |
| The exam was difficult | Most of the student failed |
| He was very weak | He had to be rushed to the hospital |
| The tea is very hot | We cannot drink it |
| He drove very fast | No one could overtake him |
c) Now, combine the following sentences using ‘so… that.’
1. The air was very turbulent. The plane started to move up and down.
2. Jungles are quite attractive. You forget the dangers lurking in them.
3. The men were extremely helpful. Juliane’s life was saved.
4. Behrman’s painting was absolutely realistic. It saved Johnsy’s life.
Answer:
Activity – 5 (Page 152)
b) Read the following passage:
I was traveling by train. As the weather was too hot, I was dressed in white. The person who sat next to me was reading a book. I asked him where he lived. He replied that he was an actor and returning after a stage performance.
Now, let’s analyze the first sentence “I was traveling by train.”
The preposition ‘by’ in the sentence comes before the noun ‘train.’
List the prepositions and write down the word classes that follow them
Answer:
| Prepositions | Followed by | Word class |
| by | train | Noun |
| in | white | Adjective used as a noun |
| next to | me | pronoun |
| after | a stage performance | Noun phrase |
c) Shanker is from Kannur. Last week, he went to Thiruvananthapuram. It was his first visit. Fill in the blanks with suitable words given in brackets.
(along, across, from, onto, to, round, in)
Shanker traveled _____ Kannur to Thiruvananthapuram ___ Janshatabhdi train. On the first day, he traveled _____ Thiruvananthapuram in a double-decker bus. Then he went ______ the Puthen Street looking at the shops. After that, he walked _______ the bridge to see the Padmanabha Swamy Temple. In the evening, he got ______ a speed boat at Veli. He returned______ Kannur the next day.
Answer:
From, by, round, to, along, into, to
d) Read the description given below and draw a picture.
Reema’s family consists of her father, mother, two sisters, and a brother. Today is Reema’s birthday. The members of the family are sitting at the dining table. There are a variety of dishes on the table and the room is decorated with balloons and festoons. Reema’s mother is sitting next to her husband. Reema is sitting opposite her mother. Her brother Arun is standing behind his mother with a cake in his hand. It has a big candle on it. There are a few presents beside the table. Radhika, Reema’s sister is standing near the door to switch off the lights.
Answer:
Draw a picture based on the description given.
e) Write a description of the room in the picture using suitable prepositions.
Answer:
Kiran is sitting on a chair and working on his computer. A few books are lying on the table. Beside the table, on the right side, a small flower pot with a green plant is seen. In front of the table, a bag is lying on the floor. Kiran is quite engaged in his work. The door behind him is open and a shirt is hung on the door. A wardrobe made of wood is standing on the floor.
f) Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
‘Send Me An Angel’:
The wise man said just walk this way
……… the dawn of the light
The wind will blow ……… your face
As the years pass you by
Hear this voice ……… deep inside
It’s the call ……… your heart
Close your eyes and you will find
The passage out of the dark
Here I am
Will you send me an angel?
Here I am
……… the land of the morning star
The wise man said just find your place
In the eye ……… the storm
Seek the roses ……… the way
Just beware ……… the thorns
Here I am
Will you send me an angel?
Here I am
In the land of the morning star
The wise man said just raise your hand
And reach out ……… the spell
Find the door ……… the promised land
Just believe ……… yourself
Hear this voice from deep inside
It’s the call of your heart
Close your eyes and you will find
The way out of the dark
Here I am
Will you send me an angel?
Here I am
In the land of the morning star
Answer:
The Wiseman said just walk this way
To the dawn of the light
the wind will blow into your face
As the years pass’ you by
Hear this voice from deep inside
It’s the call of your heart
Close your eyes and you will find
The passage out of the dark
Here I am
Will you send me an angel?
Here I am
in the land of the morning star
The wise man said just find your place
In the eye of the storm
Seek the roses along the way
Just beware of the thorns
Here I am
Will you send me an angel?
Here lam
In the land of the morning star
The wise man said just raise your hand
And reach out for the spell
Find the door to the promised land
Just believe in yourself
Hear this morning star.
Listen to the song by ‘scorpions’ on Youtube. Listen to the song a couple of times so that you will get the prepositions right.
Remember:
1. A preposition always pre-positions a noun, pronoun, or noun equivalent.
Eg: on the floor, into the water
2. When you have the word ‘to’ and a verb, you have the verbal infinitives and not a prepositional phrase.
Eg: to sit, to run
Activity – 6 (Page 155)
Let’s edit:
Read and edit the passage given below. The errors are given in bold letters. Juliane, along with her friends, board Lansa Flight 508 again to visit the crash site. In the plane, she sees two young men talking quite loudly. They talk very loudly that they disturb the other passengers. Neither the passengers nor the air hostess like their behavior. The air hostess politely said, “You would rather kept quiet and fasten your seat belts so that the plane can take off.”
Mistake — Corrections
1. board — boards
Why?
When we use connectors like ‘as well as’,’ along with’, ‘together with’, ’with’, ’in addition to’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘unlike’, etc, the verb agrees with the first noun.
2) in — on
Why?
When we refer to the mode of conveyance in general, we use ‘by’ along with car, bus, train, plane, etc. But when we specify the means of transport, we use ‘in’ with car and ‘on’ with bus, train, plane, etc.
3) very — so
Why?
The construction is so ……… that
4) like — likes
Why?
When we either…… or, neither……. nor, etc. to connect two nouns, the verb agrees with the second noun.
5) kept — keep
Why?
‘Would rather’ takes the base form of the verb.
Activity – 7 (Page 155)
c) Find other words beginning with ‘re-‘ and split them into two.
rebuild — re + build
Answer:
1. recall – re + call
2. recapture – re + capture
3. recast – re + cast
4. recalculate – re + calculate
d) Here is a list of prefixes. Refer to a dictionary to find the meaning of each and write at least two words with each prefix.
Answer:
e) Read the following sentences.
i. Ravi has a keen sense of taste.
ii. John and Mary had a senseless argument.
In the first sentence, ‘sense’ is used to name one of Ravi’s abilities to react to something.
Answer:
f) Complete the table by adding suitable prefixes and suffixes to the root word. Examine the changes in word-class by referring to a good dictionary
Answer:
| Prefix | Root word | suffix | New word |
| Un- | happy | -ness | unhappiness |
| dis | grace | -ful | disgraceful |
| un- | work | -able | unworkable |
| un- | earth | -ly | unearthly |
| dis- | advantage | -ous | disadvantageous |
| dis | agree | -ment | diagreement |
Remember:
Some Common prefixes, their meaning and examples
Suffixes:
There are five suffixes that we commonly use for artists. They are -ist, -er, -or, -ian
Art Form — Artist
Art — Artist
Sculpture — Sculptor/sculptress
Dance — Dancer
Poetry — Poetess/poet
Painting — Painter
Music — Musician
Fashion design — Fashion Designer
Movie making — Moviemaker
Novels — Novelist
Photography — Photographer
Cartoons — Cartoonist
Acting — Actor/actress
Animation — nimator
Direction — Director
Activity – 8 (Page 157)
a) Read the sentence given below from the narrative ‘The Jungle Air Crash’ and look at the words given in bold letters.
“Daddy, an ecologist, and Mother, an ornithologist, held professorships at San Marcos University in Lima, and we spent a lot of time in the jungle where they carried out the research.”
Let’s analyze the words.
1. ornith/ornithoid means bird.
2. ology means a subject of study
3. ist denotes a person who believes or practices something.
So an ornithologist is a person who studies about birds.
The word ‘eco’ means ‘connected’ with the environment.
You may guess the meaning of the word ecologist.
b) Now, read the following words and try to find their meanings, from a good dictionary.
1. anthropologist
2. dermatologist
3. cardiologist
4. entomologist
5. neurologist
6. ophthalmologist
7. psychologist
8. graphologist
9. biologist
anthropologist — One who scientifically studies humanity
entomologist — A scientist who studies insects
Psychologist — One who studies the human mind and human behavior.
dermatologist — One who scientifically studies and treats skin diseases.
neurologist — A doctor’ who studies and treats disease of the nerves
cardiologist — a doctor who specializes in medical problems related to heart.
biologist — a student of biology
c) Fill in the blanks, using the hints given.
1. Ravi has a special interest in insects and he is engaged in an in-depth study of the different varieties of insects. He is an ……………….
2. John treats heart disorders. He is a …………………
3. Shruti is engaged in research with respect to the development of the human race. She is an ………………
4. Mary takes care of diseases of the eye. She sometimes performs surgeries. Mary is an ………………
5. People with skin diseases flock to Dr. Varun’s clinic. He is a ……………
6. Rohan is an expert in the mysteries of the human mind. He is a ……………….
7. Rahul specializes in diseases related to the nervous system and the brain. He is a ……………..
8. Anil analyses the handwriting of people to determine their character or aptitudes. He is often consulted to verify the authenticity of signatures. He is a ………….
9. From a one-celled amoeba to the highly complex human being, Dilip always wants to know more about them. So he became a …………..
Answer:
1) entomologist
2) cardiologist
3) anthropologist
4) ophthalmologist
5) dermatologic
6) psychologist
7) neurologist
8) graphologist
9) biologist
Remember:
Some more words ending with ‘ologist’ and their meanings.
Phonplogist — A person who specializes in Phonology, the functional use of sounds in language.
Archaeologist — Someone who is skilled at the study of the past by excavation and analysis of its remains.
Ecology — a scholar of ecology- the branch of biology dealing with man’s relationship with the environment and with each other.
Gynecologist — A doctor who specializes in matters affecting the reproductive system.
Lexicologist — An expert in the art of linguistics that studies words, their nature and meaning
Oncologist — One who specializes in the treatment of tumors and cancerous diseases.
Meteorologist — One who is skilled in the study of the atmosphere and its phenomena, especially with weather and weather forecasting.
Activity – 9 (Page 158)
a) Read the following sentence from ‘The Jungle Air Crash’ and look at the word given in bold.
“Everything seemed quite normal — the takeoff, the climb over the snowcovered Andes, breakfast, the smiling stewardesses….”
A stewardess is a lady who serves passengers on a ship or an aircraft.
Ways of walking:
Stroll — to walk in a relaxed way
saunter — to walk in a slow and lazy manner
plod — to walk slowly with heavy steps
hobble — to walk slowly because you are tired
stagger — to walk unsteadily with your body moving from side to side.
tiptoe — to walk on your toes because you don’t want to make any noise.
b) Unscramble the words to identify the names of the profession.
1. Ravi is in charge of a museum. He is a c _ _ _ _ _r (ratorcu).
2. Mohan is interested in words and their meanings. He is now employed as a l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _r (xicograpleher).
3. Map-making is Ramu’s Job. He is a c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ r (togracarpher).
4. Srinath makes a living by making and repairing shoes. He is a c_ _ _ _ _ r (blercob).
5. Radhika likes to spend time with books. She got a job as a l_ _ _ _ _ _ _n (riabnarli).
6. John captures the audience’s attention by doing difficult and skillful things. He is an a_ _ _ _ _t (batacro).
7. Cutting precious stones is Thomas’ profession. He is a l_ _ _ _ _ _y (apliryda).
8. Rohan sells flowers. He is a f_ _ _ _ _ t (istrolf)
Answer:
Remember:
Words that denote professions/trades
1) Admiral — The commander of a fleet
2) Chauffeur — One who drives a car
3) Pharmacist — One who compounds and sell drugs
4) Journalist — One who writes for the newspaper
5) Astronomer — One who studies the stars..
6) One who designs plans for making/building something
7) Referee — The official in a sport who is expected to ensure fair play.
8) Psephologist — One who studies the pattern of voting in an election.
9) Radio Jockey — One who present a radio programme
10) Choreographer — One who teaches the art of dancing
Read more:
i) Juliane Koepcke’s ‘When I Fell From The Sky’
ii) O. Hentry’s stories
References:
‘Brushing up on Grammar’ – by Joyce Armstrong Carroll and Edward E. Wison ‘Oxford Guide To Effective Writing’ – John Seely and speaking
‘Practical English Usage’ – Michael Swan
Watch:
i) Watch animation/films on The Last Leaf’
ii) Watch ‘Wings of Hope’/’Miracle still Happen’ Films on Julliane Koepcke’s life.
You can download Tolstoy Farm Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Solutions Unit 2 Chapter 3 help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
Tolstoy Farm 9th Class Summary Kerala Syllabus Question 1.
Who were the inmates of the Tolstoy farm?
Answer:
The inmates of the Tolstoy Farm were people of different religions. They were Hindus, Muslims, Parsis, and Christians.
Tolstoy Farm Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 2.
Why couldn’t Gandhiji appoint special teachers for Indian students?
Answer:
He could not appoint special teachers because he could not afford to pay them decent salaries. Moreover, he did not like the existing system of education. He wanted to experiment something new.
Tolstoy Farm 9th Class Kerala Syllabus Question 3.
What did Gandhiji regard as the proper foundation for the education of the children?
Answer:
He regarded character building as the proper foundation for the education of the children.
Tolstoy Farm Questions Answers Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 4.
Who assisted Gandhiji in literary training?
Answer:
Mr. Kallenbach and Sjt. Pragji Desai.
Tolstoy Farm 9th Class Question Answer Kerala Syllabus Question 5.
What training was given to children of all ages in the farm?
Answer:
The children of all ages in the farm were given moral training.
Tolstoy Farm Summary In English Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 6.
What were the different types of works in the Tolstoy Farm?
Answer:
The different kinds of work in the Tolstoy Farm were cooking, digging pits, felling timber, lifting loads and gardening.
Tolstoy Farm 9th Class Summary In Malayalam Kerala Syllabus Question 7.
Why was illness scarce on the farm?
Answer:
Illness was scarce in the Farm because the inmates got good exercise by doing the various jobs there. The jobs included cooking digging pits, felling timber, lifting loads and gardening.
9th English Tolstoy Farm Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 8.
How did Gandhiji introduce vocational training in Tolstoy Farm?
Answer:
He introduced vocational training in the Tolstoy Farm by teaching the inmates how to make shoes and also carpentry
Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Notes Question 10.
What made learning a cheerful experience for children in the farm?
Answer:
Active participation in the work by the teachers made learning a cheerful experience for the children in the Farm.
Let’s revisit and reflect
Teaching In The Tolstoy Farm Summary Kerala Syllabus Question 1.
In ‘Tolstoy Farm’, there is reference to various skills. Identify them and fill in the bubbles.
Answer:
cooking, shoemaking, carpentry, gardening
Tolstoy Farm 9th Class Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
You must be familiar with Gandhiji’s concept of education:
‘By Education, I mean an all-round drawing out of the best in the child and man, body, mind and spirit.’
How far is it true with the learning experiences in the Tolstoy Farm? Write your answer in a short paragraph
Answer:
Gandhiji said, “By education, I mean an all-round drawing out of the best in the child and man, body, mind, and spirit.” This is quite true with the learning experiences in the Tolstoy Farm. The priority in the Farm was culture of the heart and the building of character. Moral training was common there. Kallenbach and Sjt. Pragji Desai gave the students literary training. Training of the body was also essential.
There were no servants in the Farm and all the work was to be done by the inmates. Kallenbach was fond of gardening and he had some experience in it. Those who were not busy in the kitchen had to help in the garden. Children happily did the job of digging pits, cutting trees and lifting loads. Some were not happy and tried to avoid work. They were also given training in shoe-making and carpentry. Thus the body, mind and spirit of the inmates were taken care of.
Activity -1
‘…there were no servants on the farm and all the work, from cooking down to scavenging, was done by the inmates’, says Gandhiji.
Tolstoy Farm Notes Pdf Kerala Syllabus 9th Question 1.
What is your opinion about this practice?
Answer:
I think this practice is very good because it will bring dignity of labour. It will show that any work can be done by anybody and there is nothing called ‘high’ or ‘low’ work. It also will make the people healthy as they get plenty of physical exercises.
Haritha Keralam, Organic Farming, Biodiversity Park and Swatch Bharath Drive are some of the programmes in schools. They require the active participation of all students. They also include work that some people may hesitate to do.
Tolstoy Farm Meaning In Malayalam 9th Question 2.
Do these programmes promote dignity of labor among children?
Answer:
Yes, they do.
Tolstoy Farm Summary In Malayalam 9th Question 3.
What are your views? Conduct a group discussion and prepare a write-up based on the main points.
Answer:
Haritha Keralam is an Umbrella Mission which includes Waste Management, Organic Farming, and Water Resources Management. It has an ambitious outlook to address the issues of piling waste, impending drought and health hazards due to the consumption of pesticide-treated vegetables and in general, the agricultural dependency of the State. The Haritha Keralam Missiorraimsto integrate the 3 most important and inter-related sectors:
Household-level segregation and safe disposal of organic waste through feasible options like composting, biogas, arrangements for institutional waste disposal, re-use, recycling and safe disposal of non-degradable and electronic waste are given priorities. Rejuvenation of tanks, ponds, streams, and rivers are the focus in the water resource sector.
The thrust in promoting organic agriculture will be to produce safe to eat vegetables and fruits to make the state self-sufficient within the next 5 years.
Biodiversity is a contraction of biological diversity. Biodiversity reflects the number, variety, and variability of living organisms. It includes diversity within species (genetic diversity), between species (species diversity), and between ecosystems (ecosystem diversity).
Swatch Bharat Drive is a nation-wide campaign in India. It aims to clean up the streets, roads, and infrastructure of India’s cities, towns, and rural areas. The objectives of Swatch Bharat include eliminating open,n defecation through the construction of household-owned and community-owned toilets and establishing an accountable mechanism of monitoring toilet use.
Run by the Government of India, the mission aims to achieve an “open-defecation free” India by 2 October 2019, the 150th anniversary of the birth of Mahatma Gandhi, by constructing 90 million toilets in rural India. The mission has two thrusts: Swatch Bharat Abhiyan (‘rural’), which operates under the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation; and Swatch Bharat Abhiyan (‘urban’), which operates under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
Activity 2
Gandhiji says, ‘It was my intention to teach every one of the youngsters some useful manual vocation.’
List out the vocational skills mentioned in the text and complete the following:
Answer:
| Vocational skills acquired from Tolstoy Farm | The jobs related to the vocational skills |
| Carpentry | Carpenter, Furniture Designer, Interior Decorator |
| Shoemaking | Cutting leather, stitching, making shoes and repairing them |
| Gardening | Preparing the land, Planting, nurturing seedlings, watering, giving manure, protecting the plants from harmful insects and others. |
| Cooking | Cooking different kinds of food, cleaning, knowledge of diet |
Everyone can benefit out of this type of vocational education as it provides an opportunity to learn a skill or trade. Discuss. Everyone can benefit out of this type of vocational education as it provides an opportunity to learn a skill or trade. It helps one to earn a living. It helps one to have self-employment. One does not have to go from one place to another looking for a job. In self-employment, you become your own master. You can also work when it is convenient to you as the working hours are not fixed. Learning trades bring in self-sufficiency.
A child learning such vocational skills will be able to do various electrical, carpentry and plumbing repairs himself. It not only bring you monetary profit but also satisfaction. Vocational education is essential for a country like India where there are lakhs of people who have no employment. By using their skills wisely people can have better lives and they can help in the overall prosperity of the country. Learning such skills promote the dignity of labor. In India we certainly divide workers as white-collar and blue-collar. People who do white-collar jobs are supposed to be better than those who do blue-collar jobs. This is a wrong idea. Any honest job has its own dignity.
Activity 3
Collect pictures, photographs, newspaper cuttings, cartoons, caricatures and other materials related to the main events in the life of Gandhiji. Using these, prepare an album about Gandhiji. You may give suitable captions and short descriptions, wherever required.
Language activity
a) Read the following sentences from ‘Maternity’.
1. The child was condemned to die of hunger.
2. The women gave vent to various cries of horror.
3. She pressed the baby to her heart.
4. Mikali’s heart trembled with joy.
Answer:
| 1. The child | was condemned to die of hunger |
| 2. The women | gave vent to various cries of horror. |
| 3. She | pressed the baby to her heart. |
| 4. Mikali’s | heart trembled with joy. |
b) Now, read the passage below and identify the subjects and predicates.
The little child was crying for milk. Mikali had no money in his pocket to buy milk. The poor boy approached the women around. All the women in the camp who saw the child gave vent to cries of horror. A kind Chinese woman finally gave it milk.
Answer:
| Sentence | Subject (Noun phrase) | Predicate (Verb phrase) |
| 1. The little child was crying for milk | The little child | was crying for milk |
| 2. Mikali had no money in his | Mikali | had no money in his |
| 3. The poor boy approached the women around, | The poor boy | approached the women around, |
| 4. All the women in the camp who saw the child gave vent to cries of horror. | All the women in the camp who saw the child | gave vent to cries of horror. |
| 5. A kind Chinese woman finally gave it milk. | A kind Chinese woman | finally gave it milk. |
In a typical sentence, a Noun Phrase (NP) is immediately followed by a Verb Phrase (VP). A noun phrase can be a noun, a pronoun or a group of words that does the function of a noun. A verb phrase consists of a helping verb or a main verb which may or may not be followed by other words.
Let’s split the subject and predicate parts of the first sentence.
The little child was crying for milk.
The headword of the noun phrase is a noun. The other words are used to give additional information about the headword. Thus the obligatory element in a noun phrase is the noun. Any other element is optional.
Determiner
Articles, possessives, and demonstratives which come before a noun are called determiners.
Articles: a, an, the
Possessives: my, our, your, his, her, their, its, Gandhiji’s, etc.
Demonstratives: this, that, these, those
Now, let’s have a look at the following sentence.
All the women in the camp who saw the child gave vent to cries of horror.
Identify the noun phrase and the verb phrase
Pre-determiners or pre-articles are those items which come before the determiner in an NP. Words and phrase like ‘half’, ‘half of’, ‘all’, ‘all of’ etc. are called pre-determiners.
a) The structure of the noun phrase of a sentence can be:
Answer:
| A | B |
| Women | noun |
| The women | article + noun |
| All the women | pre-determiner + article + noun |
| All the women in the camp | pre-determiner + article + noun + prepositional phrase |
| All the women in the camp who saw the child | pre-determiner + article + noun + prepositional phrase+ relative clause |
b) Analyze the subject part of the other sentences in the passage given above in the same way and identify the constituents. Work with your partner and write down the ideas you have discussed.
Answer:
The little child – article → adjective noun Mikali -noun
The poor boy – article → adjective → noun
All the women in the camp who saw the child – pre-determiner → article → noun → prepositional phrase → relative clause
A kind Chinese woman – article →> adjective → adjective → noun
c) What are your conclusions?
Answer:
1. A sentence has two parts.
2. The subject part is usually a noun phrase.
3. The noun phrase may consist of ……………..
4. The predicate is usually…..
Answer:
d) Let’s see what a verb phrase consists of
Look at the picture and identify the verb phrase in the sentences given below.
Answer:
Now, read the sentences again and identify the verb phrases along with its constituents.
Now, read the sentences again and identify the verb phrases along with its constituents.
Answer:
| A | B |
| Verb phrase | died |
| Verb phrase + noun phrase | left the pool |
| Verb phrase + prep.phrase | was waiting for its prey |
| Verb phrase + noun phrase + prep.phrase | left the pool in the morning |
| Verb phrase + noun phrase | killed the duckling |
| Verb phrase + noun phrase + prep. phrase | took rest at the pond |
Make sentences of your own with the following constituents in the verb phrase given below.
1. VP —
2. VP + NP —
3. VP + NP + PREP. PHRASE —
4. ………………..
5. ……………….
6. ……………….
Answer:
You can Download The Never Never Nest Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard English Solutions Unit 4 Chapter 3 help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
The Never Never Nest Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 1.
Why did Aunt Jane exclaim ‘charming’?
Answer:
Aunt Jane exclaimed ‘charming’ because the lounge of the home where Jack and Jill lived looked very cosy and pretty.
Never Never Nest Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
What was really wonderful according to Aunt Jane?
Answer:
The fact that Jack and Jill had fine furniture, a car, a piano, a refrigerator and a radio was really wonderful according to Aunt Jane.
The Never Never Nest 10th Class Kerala Syllabus Question 3.
What made Aunt Jane worry about her gift cheque?
Answer:
Aunt Jane had wanted to give a cheque for 200 Pounds as a wedding gift to Jack and Jill. But when she came to their house she saw that they had a pretty lounge with fine furniture, a radiogram and a piano. They also had a refrigerator and a car. This makes Aunt Jane think that she must have mistakenly written 2000 Pounds instead of 200 in the cheque and that is why they could buy all these luxury items. This thought made her worried.
The Never Never Nest 10th Class Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
What arguments did Jack give in support of purchasing a house on installment basis?
Answer:
If they didn’t purchase a house, they would go on paying rent year after year. But they could buy a home just for 10 Pounds. Then of course they have to pay quarterly installment payments. By buying the house they have become Owners of the house and not mere Tenants.
The Never Never Nest Summary Kerala Syllabus Question 5.
According to Jack, which parts of the car does he really own now?
Answer:
He owns the steering wheel, one tire and about two of the cylinders.
The Never Never Nest Question Answers Kerala Syllabus Question 6.
Why did Aunt Jane refuse to sit on the furniture?
Answer:
Aunt Jane refused to sit on the furniture because it belongs to Mr. Sage, from whom they bought it on installment. So only a part of the sofa belongs to Jack arid Jill and the rest belongs to Mr. Sage.
The Never Never Nest 10th Class Pdf Kerala Syllabus Question 7.
How did they plan to pay their installments?
Answer:
They would borrow money from the Thrift and Providence Trust Corporation.
10th Class English The Never Never Nest Kerala Syllabus Question 8.
Why did Aunt Jane hesitate to travel in Jack’s car?
Answer:
Aunt Jane hesitated to travel in Jack’s car because he owns only some parts or the car. The other parts belong to the man who sold it to him on installments.
The Never Never Nest Summary In Malayalam Kerala Syllabus Question 9.
What did aunt Jane want them to do with the cheque?
Answer:
Aunt Jane wanted them to make at least one thing in their house their own by paying for it fully, using the cheque.
Summary Of The Never Never Nest Kerala Syllabus Question 10.
What did Jill do with the cheque?
Answer:
She endorsed the cheque to Dr. Martin, to whom they owed money because of their baby’s birth, and sent it to him by post.
The Never Never Nest 10th Class Summary Kerala Syllabus Question 11.
Why did Jill send the cheque to Dr. Martin?
Answer:
Jill sent the cheque to Dr. Martin because she wanted to make the final payment and make the baby their own. This way she will fulfill the desire of Aunt Jane who wanted them to use the cheque to make ‘something’ in their house their own.
Activity 1
| Title Significance of the title | ……………………………………. |
| Characters | 1. Jack – a representative of consumer society |
| Characteristics of each | 2. 3. 4. |
| Settings | |
| Plot | |
| Message of the play |
A. Complete the table:
Answer:
| Title Significance of the title | Never-Never Nest means their nest (home) will never be completed. Their desire for things will go on without ever ending. |
| Characters | 1. Jack – a representative of consumer society |
| Characteristics of each | 2. Jill – a housewife (homemaker) who encourages her husband to get things on installment. 3. A sensible aunt who wants Jack and Jill to live within their means. 4. She looks after the baby of Jack and Jill and does other small jobs for them. |
| Settings | The villa at New Hampstead where Jack and Jill live with their baby. |
| Plot | Jack and Jill are a young couple with a baby. Jack earns only 6 Pounds a week. Jill is a housewife! But they go on getting all kinds of luxury items on installments. The monthly installments come to more than 7 Pounds. To make up the deficit they will take a loan which will further increase their financial burden. |
| Message of the play | Live within your means. Don’t fall into the “Buy Now and Pay Later” trap. |
B. Prepare a review of the drama based on the table.
Answer:
“The Never-Never Nest” is a one-act Play by Cedric Mount. It exposes the shams of contemporary society which tries to live beyond its means. It warns the people against the modem “Buy Now Pay Later” scheme which tempts people to buy things which are not essential for them. Since they don’t have to pay immediately, they are tempted to buy things that are available on installments. In the play we see Jack and Jill, a young couple with a baby. Jack earns only 6 Pounds a week.
Jill is a housewife. But they go on getting all kinds of luxury items on installments. The monthly installments come to more than 7 Pounds. To make up the deficit they will take a loan which will further increase their financial burden. In their lounge in the villa, they have fine furniture, a radiogram and a piano. They also have a refrigerator and a car. But all these and the villa itself are bought on installments. So nothing is their own, even their baby, as they owed money to the doctor. They have to finish the installments to make the baby fully their own. Their Aunt comes and pays them 10 Pounds and Jill pays it to the doctor hoping that at the least the baby in the house will be their own. The play 1 is a warning to those who live beyond their means and go on buying things on installments.
Activity 2
Based on your understanding of the play ‘The Never – Never Nest’, organise a classroom debate on the topic: ‘Is Equated Monthly Instalment Scheme – a boon or bane to middle- class families?
Answer:
Based on your understanding of the play “The Never- Never Nest”, organize a classroom debate on the topic: “Is Equated Monthly Instalments Scheme a boon or bane to middle-class families?”
Here are the points to argue:
It is a Boon (Blessing):
It is a Bane (Curse):
Activity 3
Question 1.
Discuss the features of a script of a play.
Answer:
Prepare a script based on the story “The Scholarship Jacket”, highlighting the following scenes.
Question 1.
The argument between Mr. Schmidt and Mr. Boone
Answer:
(A Classroom. Mr. Schmidt, the history teacher and Mr. Boone, the Maths teacher, are engaged in an argument. The students are out fortheir PE Classes.)
Mr. Boone: (In a pleading voice) Mr. Schmidt, this year we should give the Scholarship Jacket to Joann and not to Martha.
Mr. Schmidt: (Angrily) I refuse to support you. Joann’s grades are nowhere near Martha’s. How can you even think of doing such a thing?
Mr. Boone: Joann’s father is on the School Board. He owns the only store in town.
Mr. Schmidt: I don’t care who Joann’s father is. I won’t lie or falsify Martha’s records. She is a straight A+ and you know it.
Mr. Boone: But Martha is a Mexican.
Mr. Schmidt: So what? She is our student and here we have to treat all students alike. I insist that the Scholarship Jacket should be given to Martha. If it is given to Joann, I will resign.
Question 2.
The first meeting of Martha with the Principal.
Answer:
(Principal’s room. The Principal looks unhappy and uncomfortable. He is pretending to look at some papers.)
Martha: May I come in, Sir?
Principal: Yes, come in!
Martha: Sir, The peon told me you wanted to see me.
Principal: Yes, I wanted to see you because I wanted to tell you something. There is a change in the policy about the Scholarship Jacket. It used to be free. But from this year the Board has decided to charge 15 dollars from the recipient of the jacket.
Martha: 15 dollars, Sir! I don’t think my parents can afford to pay that much money.
Principal: Then the Jacket will be given to the one next in line.
Martha: Sir, I will speak to my grandfather about the change in the policy and request him to give me 15 dollars. I will tell you the result tomorrow.
Principal: It’s Okay, You can go now!
Martha: Thank you, Sir!
Question 3.
Conversation between Martha and Grandfather.
Answer:
(Grandpa is working in the bean field at the back of his house. Martha meets him there.)
Martha: Good Afternoon, Grandpa.
Grandpa: Good Afternoon, Martha! What news?
Martha: Iwantabigfavourfromyou.
Grandpa: Favourfrom me! What favour?
Martha: Grandpa, I am eligible to get the Scholarship Jacket. But this year it is not free. I have to pay 15 dollars for it. If I don’t pay 15 dollars, it will be given to somebody else.
Grandpa: What does a scholarship jacket mean?
Martha: It means you have earned it by having the highest grades for 8 years and that is why they are giving it to you.
Grandpa: (After a long pause causing Martha to cry) Martha, if you pay for it, it is not a scholarship jacket anymore. Tell the Principal that I will not pay 15 dollars for the scholarship jacket.
Question 4.
Second Meeting of Martha with the Principal.
Answer:
(Principal’s room. Martha enters the room with a sad face.)
Martha: Sir, I asked my Grandpa to give me 15 dollars to pay for the scholarship jacket.
Principal: (Looking into the eyes of Martha) Did he give you the money?
Martha: No, Sir, he didn’t.
Principal: (walking towards the window and looking outside and then turning his head towards Martha) Why won’t your grandfather pay? He has a 200-acre ranch!
Martha: He told me that if I paid for the scholarship jacket it would no more be a scholarship jacket. It would be a jacket bought with a price. You may give the Jacket to Joann.” (She walks towards the door to go out.)
Principal: Martha, wait! We would make an exception and give you the Jacket.
Martha: (Tears of joy rolling out of her eyes) Thank you, Sir! Thank you very much!
Question 5.
Presentation of the Scholarship Jacket
Answer:
(The Assembly Hall. All the Board Members, teachers and many parents are present in the Hall. The Hall is beautifully decorated. There is joy on all faces except those of Joann, her father and Mr. Boone.)
The Principal speaks: Respected Board Members, my dear teachers, parent and students,
I am very happy to announce that the Scholarship Jacket this year is presented to Martha. She has been an A+ student throughout the 8 years of her stay here. She is an exemplary student. And she deserves it. There was a proposal to charge 15 dollars for the scholarship jacket. But after a lot of thinking, I have decided that no money would be charged and the Scholarship Jacket will be given to Martha free since she earned it through her diligence and hard work. (A big round of applause from the audience.)
Martha, come to the stage to receive your scholarship jacket!
(Martha goes to the stage and accepts the jacket. She thanks everyone, especially Mr. Schmidt, for her success.)
Activity 1
The Use of the enough
Enough means as much as we need or want. Enough is placed before a noun, but after adjectives and adverbs. (See the notes and examples given on p. 136 of the Text.)
Question 1.
Complete the following sentences adding ‘enough’ with a suitable word from the box given and identify the parts of speech of the word modified by ‘enough’.
(old, loud, high, courage, thick)
1. He didn’t jump to win the prize.
2. She is to travel by herself.
3. He had to admit his mistake.
4. The ice had to walk on.
5. He spoke to be heard.
Answers:
1. high enough (adverb)
2. old enough (adjective)
3. enough courage (noun)
4. thick enough (adjective)
5. loud enough (adverb)
Activity 2
Relative Clauses
Relative clauses are clauses starting with the relative pronouns who, that, which, whose, where and when. These clauses do the work of adjectives, adverbs and nouns.
Read the notes on p. 136-137.
Question 1.
Complete the following sentences using appropriate relative pronouns.
(Who, When, Which, Where, Whom, Whose, That)
1. Do you know the man ………. climbed the mountain yesterday?
2. Can I have the pencil ………. I gave you today morning?
3. A notebook is a computer ………. can be carried around.
4. I won’t eat in a restaurant ………. is not clean.
5. I want to live in a place ………. there are lots of shops.
6. Yesterday was a day ………. everything went wrong!
7. He is a teacher ………. we all respect.
8. He ………. never climbs never falls.
Answers:
1. who
2. that (which)
3. that (which)
4. that (which)
5. where
6. when
7. whom
8. who
Question 2.
Look at the table on p. 137. Here are sentences for completing the table.
Answer:
For Persons:
Subject:
1. The thief who stole my money was caught.
2. The minister who was corrupt was forced to resign.
Object:
1. The girl whom you saw in my house is my cousin.
2. The man who gave me the book is my neighbour.
Possessive:
1. The article is about Nehru whose daughter became the PM later.
2. That lady whose children have abandoned her is very poor.
For Things:
Subject:
1. This is the watch that/which created the big problem.
2. That is the horse that/which came first in the race.
Object:
1. The bike which/that I bought was very expensive.
2. The letter which/that I wrote brought me trouble.
Possessive:
1. This is the Prize of which I am always happy.
2. This is a gain of which the government is proud.
Activity 3
Question Tags (p. 138)
We often change a statement into a question by adding a tag to it. The rule is if the statement is positive, the tag must be negative. If the statement is negative the tag must be positive. We repeat the auxiliary in the statement. If there is no auxiliary, we use do, does or did according to the context.
I. Identify the correct question tag and fill in the blanks.
Question 1.
He sometimes reads the newspaper, …………..?
(don’t he?/doesn’t he?/does he?)
Answer:
doesn’t he?
Question 2.
I think he’s from Maldives,…………..?
(doesn’t he?/ don’t I?/ isn’t he?)
Answer:
isn’t he?
Question 3.
Don’t talk while I am teaching,…………..?
(do you?/ amn’t you?/ will you?)
Answer:
will you?
Question 4.
Let’s go swimming,…………..?
(aren’t we?/ let we?/ shall we?)
Answer:
shall we?
Question 5.
Pass me the salt,…………..?
(do you?/ won’t you?/ are you?)
Answer:
won’t you?
Question 6.
He could have bought a new car,…………..?
(couldn’t he?/ haven’t he?/ could he?)
Answer:
couldn’t he?
Question 7.
The girl won’t sing in the party,…………..?
(does she?/ will she?/ do she?)
Answer:
will she?
Question 8.
He went on a tour,…………..?
(aren’t he? / didn’t he?/ don’t he?)
Answer:
didn’t he?
II. Fill in the blanks
Question 1.
You are an Indian,…………..?
Answer:
aren’t you?
Question 2.
I’m late,…………..?
Answer:
aren’t I?
Question 3.
The boy is from Kottayam,…………..?
Answer:
isn’t he?
Question 4.
He’ll never know,…………..?
Answer:
will he?
Question 5.
Ann has cleaned the plates,…………..?
Answer:
didn’t she?
Question 6.
Anu and Manu will arrive tomorrow,…………..?
Answer:
won’t they?
Question 7.
Vivek played football yesterday,…………..?
Answer:
didn’t he?
III. Read the dialogue between two friends and fill in the blanks appropriately.
Rajeev: Good morning Madhav, I’m not too early, …………..?
Madhav: No, not at all. You have brought all the documents,………?
Rajeev: I’ll get ready soon. You wouldn’t mind waiting for five minutes,……….?
Madhav: Ok. No problem. At what time shall we leave?
Rajeev: By 9 o’ clock. I think we will reach the bank in time,………?
Madhav: Ok then. Please get ready. I’ll have a talk with your father.
Rajeev: Yes, please do.
Answers:
i. am i?
ii. haven’t you?
iii. will you?
iv. won’t we?
Activity 4
Read the following sentences.
(Reported or Indirect Speech)
When we report what someone else has said, we have to make some changes in what he said. For example: “Where is Grandpa?” I asked Grandma. When we report it, it will be: I asked Grandma where Grandpa was. We notice that there are some changes:
a) The word order is changed.
b) The tense is changed, ‘is’ becoming ‘was’.
c) Instead of the question mark we use a full stop in the reported speech.
d) There are no quotation marks.
b.
I asked Grandma where Grandpa was.
Answer:
Report the following sentences and analyse the changes you make while reporting them.
1. ‘What are you doing in America?’ he asked the man.
2. ‘Have you met your friends?’ he asked her.
3. ‘Can you help me?’ she asked the boy.
4. ‘Watch him carefully,’ she said to her mother.
5. ‘Why did you come late?’ the teacher asked her.
6. ‘Please don’t touch it,’ he said to her.
7. ‘What did your grandfather say?’ asked the principal.
8. ‘I am not going to sit here,’ said Aunt Jain.
9. ‘Let us pay the hospital bill with this money. said Jill.
Answers:
1. He asked the man what he was doing in America.
2. He asked her if she had met his friends.
3. She asked the boy if he could help her.
4. She told her mother to watch him carefully.
5. The teacher asked her why she came late.
6. He requested her not to touch it.
7. The principal asked her what her grandfather said.
8. Aunt Jane said that she was not going to sit there.
9. Jill wanted to pay the hospital bill with that money.
Read the following summary of the story written by a student of Std X. There are some errors in it which are given in bold letters. Edit the passage and rewrite it.
The Scholarship Jacket’ is a story by Marta Salinas and is about a Mexican girl named Martha. Every year in the Texas school, a scholarship Jacket were (a) presented to the class valedictorian. This scholarship Jacket was the only object in Marthas (b) mind. She was a skinny girl which (c) was not very pretty. However, she was enough smart (d) and had maintained an A plus average in her eight years of school. One day, she overheard two teachers arguing on why the Jacket should be give (e) to Joann. The next day the principal fold her that the scholarship Jacket was going to cost fifteen dollars, and if she couldn’d (f) pay for it, it would be given to the runner-up. Martha left a (g) school in tears, and was even more heartbroken when her grandfather said she couldn’t have the money. The next day, she told the principal dejectedly that she couldn’t have the scholarship Jacket and explained what (h). As she was about to exit the office she mentioned Joann’s name. The principal, feeling guilty told Martha why (i) she would have the scholarship Jacket. Finally, Martha realised that she had earned her Jacket, and hadn’t (j) purchased it.
Answers:
a) was
b) Martha’s
c) who
d) smart enough
e) given
f) couldn’t
g) the
h) why
i) that
j) hadn’t
“The Never- Never Nest” is a one-act play about a young couple named Jack and Jill. They have a small baby. They make full use of the “buy-now-pay-later” marketing scheme. One day, their aunt, whose name is Jane, visits them. She is surprised to find that even though Jack’s salary is not very high, they live in a beautiful house with all comforts. There was fine furniture, a radiogram, a piano, a car and a refrigerator. Jane then began to wonder if as a wedding gift she had given them a cheque for 2000 Pounds instead of the 200 she had planned to give. Otherwise how could Jack and Jill buy all these things? She also thought the rent for such a big house must be very high. Then Jack tells her they pay do not pay rent as they owned the house. They had bought it on instalment just like they bought all the other things in the house.
Aunt Jane then realizes that though Jack and Jill have everything in their house, nothing really belongs to them. They bought everything on instalment basis. In their car, only a tyre and one or two other things have been paid for. Only one leg of the sofa has been paid for. The total amount to be paid as instalments per week comes to more than seven Pounds. Jack earns only six pounds a week. Jill is a housewife. When Aunt Jane asks how they could pay seven Pounds a week when he is earning only six Pounds, Jack says that they would take a loan. Aunt Jane was shocked at the way Jack and Jill ran their home. Before she left, she gives them a cheque for ten Pounds asking them to make at least one article completely their own, using that money.
While Jack goes with Aunt Jane to the bus stop, Jill sent the money to Dr. Martin. Jack comes back and says that he wants to pay two months’ instalments on the car using that money. But Jill says that she has already sent that money to Dr. Martin so that at least their baby would become completely theirs!
Students can Download Social Science Part 2 Chapter 1 Seasons and Time Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes Pdf, Activity in Malayalam Medium, Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Social Science Solutions helps you to revise the complete Kerala State Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
You can download Listen to the Mountain Questions and Answers, Summary, Activity, Notes, Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard English Solutions Unit 3 Chapter 2 help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.
Read and respond (pages 86 – 92)
Listen to the Mountain Question Answer Question 1.
What does the grandmother say about her past?
Answer:
The grandrhother says that she was born at the turn of the century when there were no motorcars, no aeroplanes, no television, no movies, and much less noise. She has lived there all her life on the slopes of Dharmagiri. The river, trees, flowers, birds and animals are all her friends.
Listen to the Mountain Class 9 Summary Question 2.
Why is Narayan shocked when he hears about Sagar’s project?
Answer:
Narayan is shocked when he hears about the multi-storeyed hotel which is going to be built with three hundred rooms. The surprising element is the village is a small one with only five hundred inhabitants. He is worried about the houses of the people there.
Listen To The Mountain Question Answer Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 3.
What are the arrangements made by Dixit for the new construction?
Answer:
Mr Dixit has got the permission from the government to build the hotel and Sagar’s firm has clinched the deal for constructing it. Dixit is a man with great influence. He has arranged everything, the labourers, lorries and materials forthe building.
9th Standard English Chapter Listen to the Mountain Question 4.
“You mean you will have slums here.” Why does Narayan make such a comment?
Answer:
Narayan gets annoyed when he hears about Sagar’s plan to put up temporary dwellings at the foot of the hill. So he makes such a comment.
Listen to the Mountain Activities Question 5.
What picture of Dixit does Sagar give?
Answer:
Mr Dixit is a multimillionaire, the owner of two dozen cinema houses, five luxury hotels, three drug companies and the biggest biscuit factory in India. He has also five mansions in different parts of the world.
Listen to the Mountain Question 6.
What is Kannan’s argument in favour of building a hotel on Dharmagiri?
Answer:
Kannan doesn’t see any harm in building a hotel on Dharmagiri. He believes that it will bring in tourists that, in turn, means money.
Listen to the Mountain Class 9 Activities Question 7.
“That is all the more reason why a hotel cannot be built there.” What does “All the more reason” refer to?
Answer:
‘All the more reason’ refers to the information about Dharmagiri which was given by Shastri. Shastri’s grandfather told him that the earth there could not hold a structure tallerthan thirty feet and that it would be dangerous to dig too deep for a foundation.
Listen To The Mountain Summary Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 8.
Comment on the expression “big people with small hearts.”
Answer:
The grandmother mocks at the rich people of the new generation by this comment. She complains about their selfish and money-minded attitude.
Review of the Play Listen to the Mountain Question 9.
How does the grandmother remind her grandson about his duties?
Answer:
The grandmother says that tomorrow’s world is children’s world and her grandson being the headmaster must talk to the children about the hazards the village is going to face. She also asks him to find out what they feel about it and not to put wrong ideas into their heads. The grandmother reminds her grandson about his duties as the school headmaster.
Let’s revisit and reflect(page 93)
Listen To The Mountain Questions And Answers Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 1.
Does the opening scene of the play arouse curiosity in the audience? Substantiate your answer analyzing the mode of presentation.
Answer:
The opening scene of the play does arouse the curiosity of the readers. The nostalgic narration of the grandmother, references to her life in the past, the beauty of nature, the present shocking news, etc. are quite appealing.
Character Sketch of Sagar in Listen to the Mountain Question 2.
“Why will I come to a sleepy little dump like this if not for business?” Comment on the attitude of the building contractor.
Answer:
The building contractor is money minded and he is influenced only by business motives. He is least bothered about the beauty of nature or the life of the villagers.
Listen To The Mountain Summary In English Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 3.
Pick out the sentences showing the concern of Ramanna and Shastri about Dharmagiri. Is their concern reasonable?
Answer:
Ramanna : Why do we need a five-star hotel in this village?
Shastri : A multi-storied hotel can never come up on Dharmagiri. We have got to stop it. We cannot allow thoughtless people to ruin our beautiful mountain. Yes, Dharmagiri cannot support a building that big.
Yes, their concern is reasonable as development without any concern for the ecological system is suicidal.
9th Standard English Chapter Listen To The Mountain Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
“Do you village bumpkins know more than the engineers and architects from the big cities?” Sagar asked. What is the tone of the question? What could be the intention behind these words?
Answer:
Sagar tries to belittle the villagers because of their ignorance towards the new technologies in the field of construction. He intends to silence the people and make them passive.
Listen To The Mountain Notes Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 5.
Grandmother and the young villagers represent two generations. What difference do you find in their attitudes towards ecological issues? Pick out expressions that justify your answer.
Answer:
The.grandmother says she was born when there were no motor cars, airplanes, televisions and movies. There was much less noise. She has lived there all her life. She says, “The rivers, trees, flowers and birds are her friends” and she can’ stand their destruction.
But the young villagers don’t mind if the new five- star hotel is built there. They think rich tourists will come and that means a lot of money coming in. They too might get some money by doing things for the tourists. Kannan says, “if someone wants to build a grand hotel, I don’t see any harm. It will bring in tourists. Tourists mean money, and who does not need money?”
Activity -1 (Page. 90)
Kannan says, “Tourists mean money; and who does not need money?” Do you agree with Kannan? Discuss in groups and analyze the recent trends in tourism and its impact on our culture and economy. Prepare a write-up.
I agree with Kannan. But we should not try to get some money by destroying our ecology. Money is essential, but we should make sure that our development is sustainable without harming our environment.
Discuss in groups and analyze the recent trends in tourism and its impact on our culture and economy. Prepare a write-up.
Tourism and its impact on our culture and economy:
Tourism as an industry has been growing at a rapid pace. Technological advancements help people from different places and cultures interact with increasing ease. Tourism is one of the biggest and fastest-growing industries globally. Its benefits and the challenges, keenly observed by governments, affect the economic, socio-cultural, environmental and educational state of a nation.
The positive effects of tourism on a country’s economy include the growth and development of various industries directly linked with a healthy tourism industry, such a transportation, accommodation, wildlife, arts, and entertainment. This brings about the creation of new jobs and revenue generated from foreign exchange, investments and payments of goods and services provided The nature of the world economy shows that it is mostly people from developed nations who travel as tourists to the developing ones.
This results in a downward stream of cultural influences that in many cases has proven to be harmful, as foreign cultures are not in cohesion with the environment, economy and culture of the hosts. For example, it is common knowledge that most tourist destinations are plagued with prostitution. This has had dire consequences for the culture, economy, and health of these tourist coveting nations.
The environment can be badly affected by tourism. It spoils nature’s beauty. Visits of people in large numbers could mean huge amounts of trading and pollution. Polluting materials such as plastic waste and bottles are thrown carelessly. In the long run, they could be disruptive to the habitats of both faunal and floral life. The responsibility falls on hosts, who must make it a point to inform and educate visitors about the dangers posed by going against the advised codes of conduct, such as disposing of waste in a proper manner.
In the quest to provide facilities for tourists the environment has been affected in other ways. Large hotels and other facilities for tourists consume large amounts of power. In their quest to provide visitors with a long list of the ‘hip’ electronic comforts, a lot of power is used. The tourists themselves face several difficulties in getting visas and travel restrictions imposed by the host country. Another problem is security. In many places, tourists have become targets of criminal activities such as rape, kidnapping, and terrorism.
It is true that tourism has to be promoted as it is a means of livelihood for many. But it has to be promoted without adversely affecting our cultural values and our environment. Eco-tourism seems to be the need of the hour.
Listen To The Mountain Summary Pdf Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Debate:
Adebate is a structured argument. Two sides speak alternately for and against a particular contention usually based on a topical issue. Unlike the arguments you might have with your family or friends, each person here is allocated a fixed amount of time to speak. Any interference is carefully controlled. The subject of the dispute is often prearranged so you may find yourself having to support opinions with which you do not normally agree. You also have to argue as part of a team, being careful not to contradict what others on your side have said.
Listen To The Mountain Lesson Plan Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard The Basic Debating Skills
Expressions to agree/disagree
Answer:
| Agreeing with an opinion | Disagreeing with an opinion |
| Of course. | That’s different |
| You’re absolutely right. | I don’t agree with you |
| Yes, 1 agree. | However… |
| I think so too. | That’s not entirely true |
| That’s a good point. | On the contrary… |
| Exactly. | I’m sorry to disagree with you, but |
| I don’t think so either | Yes, but don’t you think |
| So do I | That’s not the same thing at all |
| I’d go along with that. | I’m afraid 1 have to disagree |
| That’s true. | I’m not so sure about that. |
| Neitherdol. | I must take issue with you on that |
| I agree with you entirely | It’s unjustifiable to say that… |
| That’s just what 1 was thinking. | |
| I couldn’t agree more. |
Listen To The Mountain Short Summary Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Activity 2
Grandmother and Dixit share different views about development. Do you think grandmother’s view is outdated or that Dixit’s view is progressive? Conduct a debate on the topic, “Development can be a threat to Nature.”
Answer:
Arguments against Development:
Arguments for Development:
Listen To The Mountain Activities Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Activity – 3
“Finally the mountain spoke loud enough for everyone to hear. Nature always speaks if we care to listen.” How did Nature speak?
Prepare a conversation between you and Nature. Roleplay it in your class.
Answer:
Prepare a conversation between you and nature: (Roleplay it in your class.)
Nature: Son, by cutting that tree you are doing me a great harm.
I: I want the wood for my house, to make furniture and also to use as firewood.
Nature: Why don’t you look for substitutes?
I: Substitutes are expensive.
Nature: Son, by throwing plastic and other waste you are choking me.
I: What I will do with the plastic bags I get from shops. I can’t bum them because they say it is dangerous and so I throw them away.
Nature: Son, have you ever thought about the pollution you cause to my atmosphere through the exhaust fumes of your vehicles and factories.
I : Who cares about your pollution? How can we live without our vehicles and factories?
Nature: Do you know that you are destroying yourself by using a lot of dangerous pesticides?
I: If the insects bothers us, what choice do we have?
Nature: Son, I am patient. But there is a limit to my patience. I have my weapons like floods, tsunamis, earthquakes, and droughts. If you people go on doing things against me, one day I may have to use some of my weapons to teach you a lesson. So be warned
9th Standard English Chapter Listen To The Mountain Question Answer Activity – 4 (Page 91)
You might have noticed land leveling in your locality. Are you aware of the environmental hazards it may cause? Collect details from various sources and prepare an e-mail to be sent to the Minister for Environment, complaining about the issue.
Listen To The Mountain Class 9 Summary Kerala Syllabus e-mail:
Tips for e-mail
For most of us, email is the most common form of business communication. So it’s important to get it right. Although emails usually aren’t as formal as letters, they still need to be professional to present a good image of you and your company.
How to write a formal email:
Follow these five simple steps to make sure your
English emails are perfectly professional.
Listen To The Mountain Character Sketch Of Grandmother Question 1.
Begin with a greeting
Answer:
Always open your email with a greeting, such as “DearSusan”. If your relationship with the reader is formal, use their family name (e.g. “Dear Mrs. Kidangoor”). If the relationship is more casual, you can simply say, “Hi Sonia”. If you don’t know the name of the person you are writing to, use: “To whom it may concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam”.
Review Of Listen To The Mountain Class 9 Question 2.
Thank the recipient
Answer:
If you are replying to a client’s inquiry, you should begin with a line of thanks. For example, if someone has a question about your company, you can say, “Thank you for contacting ABC Company”. If someone has replied to one of your emails, be sure to say, “Thank you for your prompt reply” or “Thanks for getting back to me”. Thanking the reader puts him or her at ease, and it will make you appear polite.
Summary Of Listen To The Mountain Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 3.
State your purpose
Begin by stating your purpose. For example, “I am writing to enquire about…” or “I am writing in reference to …”
Answer:
Make your purpose clear early on in the email, and then move into the main text of your email. Remember, people want to read emails quickly, so keep your sentences short and clear. You’ll also need to pay careful attention to grammar, spelling, and punctuation so that you present a professional image of yourself and your company.
Listen To The Mountain Summary In Malayalam Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 4.
Add your closing remarks
Answer:
Before you send your email, it’s polite to thank your reader one more time and add some polite closing remarks. You might start with “Thank you for your patience and cooperation” or “Thank you for your consideration” and then follow up with, “If you have any questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to let me know” and “I look forward to hearing from you”.
Listen To The Mountain Scene Wise Summary Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Question 5.
End with a closing
Answer:
The last step is to include an appropriate closing with your name. “Best regards”, “Sincerely”, and “Thank you” are all professional. Avoid closings such as “Best wishes” or “Cheers” unless you are intimate with the reader. Finally, before you hit the send button, review and spell check your email one more time to make sure it’s truly perfect!
You might have noticed land leveling in your locality. Are you aware of the environmental hazards it may cause? Collect details from various sources and prepare an e-mail to be sent to the Minister for Environment, complaining about the issue.
Ministerenviron@hotmail. com
Sub: Levelling of ground near Azad Road
I am writing this letter to express my dissatisfaction with the land leveling going on in my locality. It is a matter of serious concern for all of us here. Widespread land leveling has caused problems that disrupt and alter the entire structure of the topsoil making it unfit for any cultivation. I understand the leveling is done to construct a pesticide factory there. It is a thickly populated area and a pesticide factory there would be hazardous to the health of the people and the environment Some greedy people are behind the whole project.
We would like to tell you that we shall not allow a pesticide factory to be built in our area which is famous for its rare flora and fauna. As the Minister, of Environment, you have a duty to listen to the voice of the people who are going to be affected by the proposed factory.
Hope you would look into the matter seriously and take immediate steps to stop the leveling.
Looking forward to hearing from you and thanking you,
Yours truly,
Liz
9th Standard English Chapter Listen To The Mountain Notes Activity – 5
Readers’ theatre:
Readers Theatre is a dramatic presentation of a written work in a script form. Readers read from a “script” and reading parts are divided among the readers. No memorization, costumes, blocking, or special lighting is needed. Presentations can easily be done in a classroom. Scripts are held by the readers. Through this activity, students have the opportunity to develop fluency and further enhance comprehension of what they are reading.
You should pay attention to the following while reading aloud.
Identify the important scenes from the play “Listen to the Mountain’ and read them aloud with your friends. (You can use the summaries of the scenes to fill in the boxes with necessary changes.)
Listen To The Mountain Scene 1 Summary Kerala Syllabus 9th Standard Activity 6
Collect pictures, poems, stories, news, etc. about man-made hazards. Write suitable captions and footnotes. Prepare a class magazine.
Tips:
a) Read the extract from the play ‘Listen to the Mountain’ and answer the questions that follow:
Sagar: (sitting) yes, thank You …………. Sagar: overlooking your village. (points to the mountain) fantastic, eh? (Page 97)
Listen To The Mountain Character Sketch Of Narayan Question 1.
Describe the village
Answer:
It’s a small village, with only a small population of five hundred people. Right in the middle of the village is a river. It flows through the village and it has the cleanest water. There is a mountain, Dharmagiri, nearby. On the top, there is a temple which is 300 years old. From the top of the Dharmagiri mountain, one can view such a gorgeous and breathtaking view of the waterfalls, the trees, and the wildlife!
Question 2.
Pick out the sentence that tells Sagar is not pleased with the village.
Answer:
Why will I come to a sleepy little dump like this if not for business?
Question 3.
Find out a word from the passage which means, ‘belonging to an early stage of development.
Answer:
crude/Primitive.
b) Curtain rises. Backdrop of mountains, a stream, and trees. Dixit is seated on a chair on one side of the stage. Sagar is on the other side. Sound of lorries, drilling, and hammering can be heard. A procession of children and adults enters from the opposite side. The children in the front row display a banner: LISTEN TO THE MOUNTAIN. They present a petition to Dixit.
Dixit : (reading it) What is this nonsense? LISTEN TO THE MOUNTAIN! Here we are, all set to build the biggest hotel in the state, one of the best in the country, and you people talk
Question 1.
What picture of the grandmother do you get?
Answer:
Grandmother is very old with children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren. She is much concerned not only about the people of the village but also the flora and fauna of the village. She is concerned about the ecological balance of the nature.
Question 2.
Why did she ask her grandson to talk to the children?
Answer:
Her grandson is the local school’s headmaster. Tomorrow’s world is the world of children. Children should know about the hazards their village will have to face.
Question 3.
Find out an expression from the passage which shows that Sagar tries to belittle the villagers by referring to their ignorance’.
Answer:
Do you village bumpkins know more than the engineers and architects from the cities?’
Question 4.
Narayan has decided to stage a peaceful protest. Prepare a slogan for the protest.
Answer:
SAVE DHARMAGIRI, SAVE OUR LIVES!